- Taxonomy is the science and practice of classifying organisms based on similarities and differences. It has a long history dating back to ancient Greek and Roman herbalists who classified plants based on uses and appearances. - Major figures like Theophrastus, Dioscorides, Albertus Magnus, and later herbalists and botanists worked to systematically name and group plant species. Carolus Linnaeus developed the Linnean system of binomial nomenclature still used today. - There are three main approaches to taxonomy - phenetics based on overall similarity, cladistics on shared derived characteristics, and evolutionary taxonomy combining lineage and divergence. Modern classification systems continue to be refined.

1. Plant and Animal Taxonomy Bio 19 by: Ms. GEonyzl J. Lepiten

6. Theophratus (370 – 285 B.C.) * Greek student of Plato * established a first documentation local flora. * discussed more than 500 species and varieties of plants from lands bordering the Atlantic and Mediterranean Published works on systematics : 1. Inquiry into Plants – translated by Theodorus Gaza 2. The Causes of Plants

7. Some generic name made by Theophratus......... Daucus - carrots Asparagus Narcissus -

9. Represented modern Families identified by Dioscorides: Fabaceae Lamiaceae Apiaceae

11. THE HERBALIST

14. Rembert Dodoens (1517-1585) he include the medical importance of the plants and its localities. “ Aloe groweth very plenteously in India, and from thence commeth the best iuyce ... It is to be seene also in this Countrie in the gardens of some Herboristes. ... it is a soueraigne medicine for vlcers about the secrete partes, and fundement. The same boyled with wine and hony, healeth the outgrowinges & riftes of the fundament, & stoppeth the abounding fluxe of the Hemorrhoides.” Source: Dodoens / Lyte (1578)

17. Phylogenetic Classifications