- Planning involves looking ahead and determining future courses of action. It establishes what needs to be done, how it will be done, and who will do it.
- Planning bridges the gap between the present and where the organization wants to go in the future. It makes things happen that otherwise would not.
- Some key characteristics of planning include that it is goal-oriented, involves looking ahead and preparation for the future, requires intellectual and analytical thought, involves decision making among alternatives, and is a continuous process as plans need regular review.
Budgeting is a process of looking at a business estimated incomes and expenditures over a specific period in the future. It allows a business to see if they will be able to continue operating at their expected level with these projected incomes and expenditures
This documents provides a glance on the planning activity by illustrating the associated concepts such as,
Nature of Planning
Importance and purpose of planning process
Steps in Planning and Planning Premises
Types of plans
Objectives
Decision Making
Types of planning
Hierarchy of plans
Budgeting is a process of looking at a business estimated incomes and expenditures over a specific period in the future. It allows a business to see if they will be able to continue operating at their expected level with these projected incomes and expenditures
This documents provides a glance on the planning activity by illustrating the associated concepts such as,
Nature of Planning
Importance and purpose of planning process
Steps in Planning and Planning Premises
Types of plans
Objectives
Decision Making
Types of planning
Hierarchy of plans
in this slideshow , the generally there are 10 planning of principle which make every planning more effective and every plan as efficient .it is the general and short points but in really this small principle are the backbone of every planning and make it successful
Planning is concerned with setting objectives, targets, and formulating plan to accomplish them. The activity helps managers analyse the present condition to identify the ways of attaining the desired position in future.
in this slideshow , the generally there are 10 planning of principle which make every planning more effective and every plan as efficient .it is the general and short points but in really this small principle are the backbone of every planning and make it successful
Planning is concerned with setting objectives, targets, and formulating plan to accomplish them. The activity helps managers analyse the present condition to identify the ways of attaining the desired position in future.
Unit -III Planning and control M.sc II year.pptxanjalatchi
planning and control, often known as production planning and control, are management functions that seek to determine: first, what market demands are stating and second, reconcile how a company can fill those demands through planning and monitoring.
Companies Act - Companies Act, 1956 - Features - Types of Companies Act under the Act - Introduction of Companies act 2013 - Structural Comparison - Objectives of the Act - Meaning and Features of the Company - Monitoring and Regulatory Authorities - SFIO - NCLT - Challenges of Companies act 2013 - Provisions of Company Act 2013 -
Business & Industry - NGOs Classification - Types - Corporate Structure - Features of NGOs - Activities of NGOs - Functions of NGOs - Advantages & Disadvantages of NGOs - Responsibilities of NGOs - Corporate vs NGO - WASME - CRY - AWAKE
Business & Industry - CSR - Industrial Policy - CSR Committee - Resposibilities of the Committee - Format of Reporting - CSR Policy - List of CSR Activities
Team Work - Advantages and disadvantages of team work - Characteristic features of Successful Teams - Stages of the development of the team - Team roles - Challenges in the team working
Specific ServPoints should be tailored for restaurants in all food service segments. Your ServPoints should be the centerpiece of brand delivery training (guest service) and align with your brand position and marketing initiatives, especially in high-labor-cost conditions.
408-784-7371
Foodservice Consulting + Design
Senior Project and Engineering Leader Jim Smith.pdfJim Smith
I am a Project and Engineering Leader with extensive experience as a Business Operations Leader, Technical Project Manager, Engineering Manager and Operations Experience for Domestic and International companies such as Electrolux, Carrier, and Deutz. I have developed new products using Stage Gate development/MS Project/JIRA, for the pro-duction of Medical Equipment, Large Commercial Refrigeration Systems, Appliances, HVAC, and Diesel engines.
My experience includes:
Managed customized engineered refrigeration system projects with high voltage power panels from quote to ship, coordinating actions between electrical engineering, mechanical design and application engineering, purchasing, production, test, quality assurance and field installation. Managed projects $25k to $1M per project; 4-8 per month. (Hussmann refrigeration)
Successfully developed the $15-20M yearly corporate capital strategy for manufacturing, with the Executive Team and key stakeholders. Created project scope and specifications, business case, ROI, managed project plans with key personnel for nine consumer product manufacturing and distribution sites; to support the company’s strategic sales plan.
Over 15 years of experience managing and developing cost improvement projects with key Stakeholders, site Manufacturing Engineers, Mechanical Engineers, Maintenance, and facility support personnel to optimize pro-duction operations, safety, EHS, and new product development. (BioLab, Deutz, Caire)
Experience working as a Technical Manager developing new products with chemical engineers and packaging engineers to enhance and reduce the cost of retail products. I have led the activities of multiple engineering groups with diverse backgrounds.
Great experience managing the product development of products which utilize complex electrical controls, high voltage power panels, product testing, and commissioning.
Created project scope, business case, ROI for multiple capital projects to support electrotechnical assembly and CPG goods. Identified project cost, risk, success criteria, and performed equipment qualifications. (Carrier, Electrolux, Biolab, Price, Hussmann)
Created detailed projects plans using MS Project, Gant charts in excel, and updated new product development in Jira for stakeholders and project team members including critical path.
Great knowledge of ISO9001, NFPA, OSHA regulations.
User level knowledge of MRP/SAP, MS Project, Powerpoint, Visio, Mastercontrol, JIRA, Power BI and Tableau.
I appreciate your consideration, and look forward to discussing this role with you, and how I can lead your company’s growth and profitability. I can be contacted via LinkedIn via phone or E Mail.
Jim Smith
678-993-7195
jimsmith30024@gmail.com
The Team Member and Guest Experience - Lead and Take Care of your restaurant team. They are the people closest to and delivering Hospitality to your paying Guests!
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Foodservice Consulting + Design
Artificial intelligence (AI) offers new opportunities to radically reinvent the way we do business. This study explores how CEOs and top decision makers around the world are responding to the transformative potential of AI.
The case study discusses the potential of drone delivery and the challenges that need to be addressed before it becomes widespread.
Key takeaways:
Drone delivery is in its early stages: Amazon's trial in the UK demonstrates the potential for faster deliveries, but it's still limited by regulations and technology.
Regulations are a major hurdle: Safety concerns around drone collisions with airplanes and people have led to restrictions on flight height and location.
Other challenges exist: Who will use drone delivery the most? Is it cost-effective compared to traditional delivery trucks?
Discussion questions:
Managerial challenges: Integrating drones requires planning for new infrastructure, training staff, and navigating regulations. There are also marketing and recruitment considerations specific to this technology.
External forces vary by country: Regulations, consumer acceptance, and infrastructure all differ between countries.
Demographics matter: Younger generations might be more receptive to drone delivery, while older populations might have concerns.
Stakeholders for Amazon: Customers, regulators, aviation authorities, and competitors are all stakeholders. Regulators likely hold the greatest influence as they determine the feasibility of drone delivery.
2. Planning – Meaning
• Planning means looking ahead & chalking out
future courses of action to be followed
• It is a Preparatory Step. It is a systematic
activity which determines WHEN, HOW &
WHO is going to perform a specific job
• Planning is a detailed programme regarding
future course of action
3. Planning - Definition
• According to Urwick, “Planning is a mental
predisposition to do things in orderly way, to
think before acting and to act in the light of
facts rather than guesses”.
• Planning is deciding best alternative among
others to perform different managerial
functions in order to achieve predetermined
goals
Cont…
4. • According to Koontz & O’Donell, “Planning is
deciding in advance what to do, how to do
and who is to do it. Planning bridges the gap
between where we are to, where we want to
go. It makes possible things to occur which
would not otherwise occur”.
Planning - Definition
5. Characteristics of Planning
• Planning is goal oriented
• Planning is looking ahead
• Planning is an intellectual process
• Planning involves choice & decision making
• Planning is the Primary Function of Management
• Planning is a Continuous Process
• Planning is designed for efficiency
• Planning is Flexible
6. • Planning is goal-oriented.
• Planning is made to achieve desired objective of
business.
• The goals established should general acceptance
otherwise individual efforts & energies will go
misguided and misdirected.
• Planning identifies the action that would lead to
desired goals quickly & economically.
• It provides sense of direction to various activities.
Characteristics of Planning
7. • Planning is looking ahead.
• Planning is done for future.
• It requires peeping in future, analyzing it and
predicting it.
• Thus planning is based on forecasting.
• A plan is a synthesis of forecast.
• It is a mental predisposition for things to
happen in future
Characteristics of Planning
8. • Planning is an intellectual process.
• Planning is a mental exercise involving creative
thinking, sound judgement and imagination.
• It is not a mere guesswork but a rotational
thinking.
• A manager can prepare sound plans only if he has
sound judgement, foresight and imagination.
• Planning is always based on goals, facts and
considered estimates.
Characteristics of Planning
9. • Planning involves choice & decision making.
• Planning essentially involves choice among
various alternatives.
• Therefore, if there is only one possible course of
action, there is no need planning because there is
no choice.
• Thus, decision making is an integral part of
planning.
• A manager is surrounded by no. of alternatives.
He has to pick the best depending upon
requirements & resources of the enterprises
Characteristics of Planning
10. • Planning is the primary function of management
• Planning lays foundation for other functions of
management.
• It serves as a guide for organizing, staffing,
directing and controlling.
• All the functions of management are performed
within the framework of plans laid out.
• Therefore planning is the basic or fundamental
function of management.
Characteristics of Planning
11. • Planning is a Continuous Process.
• Planning is a never ending function due to the
dynamic business environment.
• Plans are also prepared for specific period f time
and at the end of that period, plans are subjected
to revaluation and review in the light of new
requirements and changing conditions.
• Planning never comes into end till the enterprise
exists issues, problems may keep cropping up and
they have to be tackled by planning effectively
Characteristics of Planning
12. • Planning is designed for efficiency.
• Planning leads to accompishment of objectives at the
minimum possible cost.
• It avoids wastage of resources and ensures adequate
and optimum utilization of resources.
• A plan is worthless or useless if it does not value the
cost incurred on it.
• Therefore planning must lead to saving of time, effort
and money.
• Planning leads to proper utilization of men, money,
materials, methods and machines.
Characteristics of Planning
13. • Planning is Flexible.
• Planning is done for the future.
• Since future is unpredictable, planning must
provide enough room to cope with the
changes in customer’s demand, competition,
govt. policies etc.
• Under changed circumstances, the original
plan of action must be revised and updated to
male it more practical.
Characteristics of Planning
14. Planning - Process
• Establishment of Objectives
• Establishment of Planning Premises
• Choice of alternative course of action
• Formulation of derivative Plans
• Securing Cooperation
• Follow up/ Appraisal of Plans
15. • Establishment of objectives
• Planning requires a systematic approach.
• Planning starts with the setting of goals and objectives to
be achieved. Objectives provide a rationale for undertaking
various activities as well as indicate direction of efforts.
Moreover objectives focus the attention of managers on
the end results to be achieved.
• As a matter of fact, objectives provide nucleus to the
planning process. Therefore, objectives should be stated in
a clear, precise and unambiguous language. Otherwise the
activities undertaken are bound to be ineffective.
• As far as possible, objectives should be stated in
quantitative terms.
Planning - Process
16. • Establishment of Planning Premises
• Planning premises are the assumptions about the lively
shape of events in future. They serve as a basis of
planning.
• Establishment of planning premises is concerned with
determining where one tends to deviate from the
actual plans and causes of such deviations.
• It is to find out what obstacles are there in the way of
business during the course of operations.
• Establishment of planning premises is concerned to
take such steps that avoids these obstacles to a great
extent.
Planning - Process
17. • Choice of alternative course of action
• When forecast are available and premises are established, a
number of alternative course of actions have to be
considered.
• For this purpose, each and every alternative will be
evaluated by weighing its pros and cons in the light of
resources available and requirements of the organization.
• The merits, demerits as well as the consequences of each
alternative must be examined before the choice is being
made.
• After objective and scientific evaluation, the best
alternative is chosen.
Planning - Process
18. • Formulation of derivative plans
• Derivative plans are the sub plans or secondary plans which
help in the achievement of main plan.
• Secondary plans will flow from the basic plan. These are
meant to support and expedite the achievement of basic
plans.
• These detail plans include policies, procedures, rules,
programmes, budgets, schedules, etc. For example, if profit
maximization is the main aim of the enterprise, derivative
plans will include sales maximization, production
maximization, and cost minimization.
• Derivative plans indicate time schedule and sequence of
accomplishing various tasks.
Planning - Process
19. • Securing Co-operation
• After the plans have been determined, it is necessary
rather advisable to take subordinates or those who
have to implement these plans into confidence.
• The purposes behind taking them into confidence are :-
– Subordinates may feel motivated since they are involved in
decision making process.
– The organization may be able to get valuable suggestions
and improvement in formulation as well as
implementation of plans.
– Also the employees will be more interested in the
execution of these plans.
Planning - Process
20. • Follow up/Appraisal of plans
• After choosing a particular course of action, it is put
into action.
• After the selected plan is implemented, it is important
to appraise its effectiveness.
• This is done on the basis of feedback or information
received from departments or persons concerned.
• This enables the management to correct deviations or
modify the plan.
• This step establishes a link between planning and
controlling function.
Planning - Process
21. Planning - Problems
• Internal Limitations
• External Limitations
Internal Limitations :
1. Rigidity
2. Misdirected Planning
3. Time Consuming
4. Probability in Planning
5. False Sense of Security
6. Expensive
22. • Rigidity
• Planning has tendency to make administration
inflexible.
• Planning implies prior determination of
policies, procedures and programmes and a
strict adherence to them in all circumstances.
• There is no scope for individual freedom.
Planning - Problems
23. • Misdirected Planning
• Planning may be used to serve individual
interests rather than the interest of the
enterprise.
• Attempts can be made to influence setting of
objectives, formulation of plans and
programmes to suit ones own requirement
rather than that of whole organization.
Planning - Problems
24. • Time consuming
• Planning is a time consuming process because
it involves collection of information, it’s
analysis and interpretation thereof. This entire
process takes a lot of time specially where
there are a number of alternatives available.
• Therefore planning is not suitable during
emergency or crisis when quick decisions are
required
Planning - Problems
25. • Probability in planning
• Planning is based on forecasts which are mere
estimates about future.
• These estimates may prove to be inexact due to the
uncertainty of future.
• Any change in the anticipated situation may render
plans ineffective.
• Plans do not always reflect real situations inspite of the
sophisticated techniques of forecasting because future
is unpredictable.
• Thus, excessive reliance on plans may prove to be fatal.
Planning - Problems
26. • False sense of security
• Elaborate planning may create a false sense of
security to the effect that everything is taken for
granted.
• Managers assume that as long as they work as
per plans, it is satisfactory.
• Therefore they fail to take up timely actions and
an opportunity is lost.
• Employees are more concerned about fulfillment
of plan performance rather than any kind of
change
Planning - Problems
27. • Expensive
• Collection, analysis and evaluation of different
information, facts and alternatives involves a
lot of expense in terms of time, effort and
money
• According to Koontz and O’Donell, ’ Expenses
on planning should never exceed the
estimated benefits from planning.
Planning - Problems
28. • External Limitations
• Political Climate- Change of government from Congress to
some other political party, etc.
• Labour Union- Strikes, lockouts, agitations.
• Technological changes- Modern techniques and equipments,
computerization.
• Policies of competitors- Eg. Policies of Coca Cola and
Pepsi.
• Natural Calamities- Earthquakes and floods.
• Changes in demand and prices- Change in fashion, change
in tastes, change in income level, demand falls, price falls,
etc
Planning - Problems
29. • Create Climate for Planning
• Support from the top management
• Equal Participation
• Proper Communication
• Integration
• Strict Monitoring
Planning – Making it Perfective