Planning is presented as the fundamental and essential process of determining goals, selecting courses of action, and outlining steps to achieve objectives. It involves defining goals, establishing assumptions about the future, evaluating alternatives, selecting the best options, developing supporting plans, implementing plans, and reviewing progress. Planning provides direction, facilitates decision-making, establishes standards for control, reduces risks and costs, improves efficiency, and encourages innovation. It is a goal-oriented, intellectual process that integrates activities across levels and functions to systematically bridge the present to the future.

1. PLANNING
Presented by:
Anil Narware
Nilesh Uchchasare
Rajkumar
Rajkumar Tomar
Sachin Gupta

2. “ To make you known about the Fundamentals
and Concepts & Process of Planning and Improve
ourselves by taking valuable feedbacks from you.”

3. Contents
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•
•
•
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Introduction of Planning
Purpose of Planning
Nature of Planning
Planning Process
Conclusion

4. Introduction
• “Planning is bringing the future into the
present so that we can do something about it now.”
• Planning is the process of bridging the gap between
where we are and where we want to be in the future.
• Planning is “looking ahead, relating today’s events
with tomorrow’s possibilities.”

5. Definitions
• Planning is the process of determination of organization's
objectives & selecting the courses of action i.e. Plans of attaining
them.
• Planning may be defined as the process of seeking answers to
some of the following particular questionsa. What is to be done?
b. Why it is to be done?
c. How it is to be done?
d. By whom it is to be done?
e. When it is to be done?
f. Where it is to be done?
g. What resources are required for doing it?

6. Cont…
• Planning as per modern management thinker like F.W.
Taylor, Henri Fayol & Mary Parker Follett, all regarded
planning as the process in the management. General view is
that planning logically precedes the execution of all other
managerial functions.
• “Planning is a continuous process of making present
entrepreneurial decisions(risk-taking) systematically and with
best possible knowledge of their futurity, organizing
systematically the effort needed to carry out these decisions &
measuring the results of those decisions against the
expectations through an organized systematic feedback.”
-Peter F Drucker.
• According to Haimann, “Planning is the function that
determines in advance what should be done.”

7. Purpose of Planning
• Provides direction:
Planning gives a sense of direction and ensures that efforts are being put
to useful purpose instead of being wasted.
• Facilitates decision making:
A process of selecting the best course of action out of the available
alternatives.
• Establishes standards for controlling:
Planning also facilitate control because without planning there will be
nothing to control.
• Saves cost:
The purpose of planning is also to minimize the cost of performance and
eliminate unproductive efforts.

8. Cont…
•
Reduces the risk of uncertainty:
By forecasting the future events, trends & risks.
•
Reducing Overlapping & Wasteful activities:
Helps people in concentrating their efforts on the most important jobs
rather than wasting time on the lesser important work.
•
Improves efficiency:
Reward as a source of motivation, induces people to work better.
•
Encourages innovation & creativity:
Enables individual participation & welcome more ideas about company
and its environment.

9. Nature of Planning
• Goal-oriented:
Begins with some objectives that an org. wishes to achieve.
• Primary/Basic function:
Sets the stage for execution of all other managerial functions.
• Pervasive:
It is applied in each & every department irrespective of levels
or area of operations.
• Intellectual/Rational process:
It requires managers to think intelligently & rationally before
doing.

10. Cont…
• Decision making:
A process of evaluating events of future decisions & selecting the
best one out of the available alternatives.
• Futuristic:
Planning is future oriented and all about anticipation of future
events, threats & opportunities etc.
Demand
forecasting
Assortment
planning
Merchandise
planning
Promotion
Planning
Item planning

11. Cont…
• Integrated process:
Plans made at diff. levels are interrelated & interdependent.
• Continuous process:
A continuous and never ending process. It doesn’t end with the
achievement of a particular objective.
Plan
Improve
Continuous
process
Review
Implement

12. Planning Process
Define objectives
Estb.of planning
premises
List alternative
ways of reaching
objectives
Formulation of
supportive plans
Selection of best
alternatives
Evaluation of all
alternatives
Implementation
Follow
up/Review

13. Cont…
• Define Objectives:
-Exactly what to do.
• Establishment of Planning Premises:
-Political parties meet/conferences.
• List alternative ways of reaching objectives:
-Putting in good/mad idea.
• Evaluation of all alternatives:
-What can be done & what can’t.

14. Cont…
• Selection of the best alternative:
-cost effective, maintaining quality.
• Formulation of supportive plans:
-how to make the chosen plan better by
supportive plans.
• Implementation:
-Execute.
• Review:
-Feedback.

15. Conclusion
• Planning is one of the most
essential parts of any work done
& it is of no use until it is
implemented…

16. THANK YOU!

17. Questions?