planning and control, often known as production planning and control, are management functions that seek to determine: first, what market demands are stating and second, reconcile how a company can fill those demands through planning and monitoring.

1. UNIT-III
PLANNING AND CONTROL
DR.ANJALATCHI MUTHUKUMARAN
VICE PRINCIPAL
ERA COLLEGE OF NURSING

2. LEANING OBJECTIVES
Content related to planning
• Introduction
• Definition
• Principles of planning
• Steps of planning
• advantages
• Disadvantages
•

3. Controlling
• Introduction
• Definition
• Controlling process
• Steps of controlling process
• forwarded control
• Concurrent control
• Feed back control
• Summary
• Conclusion
• Refernces

4. INTRODUCTION
• “Planning is preparing a blueprint” , and is a
future –oriented process.
• It decides in advance what is to be done, how it
is to be done, when to do it , who is to do it and
where it is to be done. What will be the outcome
of work.

5. What is planning?
• Planning is a process of setting objectives and
determining how to accomplish them .
• Planning refers to thinking ahead of time and
formulating preliminary thoughts.

6. Types of plans

8. Methods of planning

9. Continued

10. Characteristic of good plan

11. Nature and characteristic of plan

12. IMPORTANCE OF PLANNING
• 1. Primacy of planning
• 2. To offset uncertainty and changes
• 3. To focus attention on objectives
• 4. To help in coordination
• 5. To help in control
• 6. To increase organizational effectiveness

13. PRINCIPLES OF PLANNING
• Contribution of objectives
• Efficiency in plans
• Primacy of planning
• Planning premises
• Policy framework
• Timing
• Alternatives
• Commitments
• Flexibility
• Competitive strategies

14. Essentials of a good plan
• • According to urwick, the essentials of a good plan are as
fallows.
• 1) It should be based on a clearly defined objectives.
• 2) It must be simple
• 3) It should be rational and appropriate.
• 4) It Should Be Comprehensive
• 5) It Should Be Provide For A Proper Analysis And
Classification Of Actions.
• 6) It Must Be Flexible
• 7) It Must Be Balanced
• 8)it Must Be Use All Available Resources And Opportunites
• 9) There Should Be Proper Coordination Among Short – Term
And Long Term Plans.

15. Planning process and concept

16. Planning process

17. STEPS of planning
• Stating The Orgnizational Objectives List
• The Altrnative Channel Of Reaching
• The Objectives Develop Permises On Which
Each Alternative Is Listed Select
• The Best Alternative Which Fits Into
Organizational Objectives

18. Prepare A Sound Plan
• Prepare A Sound Plan Out Of Selected
Alternative.
• This Will Be A Master Plan Which Contains
Various Functional Plans
• Implement The Designed Plan

19. Planning Methods Standing/
Repeated
• Use Single
• Use Plans Plans
• 1) Objectives
• 1) Programmes
• 2) Polices
• 3) Budgets
• 4) Procedures
• 5) Methods
• 6) Rules
• 7) Strategies

20. STEPS IN PLANNING PROCESS
• Determination of the objectives
• Collection and forecasting of information
• Development of planning premises
• Discovering alternatives courses of action
• Formulation of derivative plans
• Communicating the plan
• Follow up measures

21. ADVANTAGES OF PLANNING
• Increasing Complexity In Modern Business
• Help In Coordination
• Help In Exercising Effective Controls
• Helps In The Proper Utilization Of The Company
Resources
• Facilitate Unity Of Action
• Help In Avoiding Business Failure
• Focuses Attention On The Organizations Goals
• Improve Competitive Strength
• Improve Adaptation
• Guides Decision Making

22. DISADAVNTAGES OF PLANNING
• 1) Forecasts
• 2) Rigidity
• 3) Time Consuming
• 4) Costly
• 5) Influence Of External Factors
• 6) Limited Scope Specific Organization
• 7) Peoples Resistance
• 8) Failure Of Planners

23. LIMITATION

24. Steps for Effective planning(Koontz
and O’Donnell)
• • Climate
• • Top management support
• • Participation
• • Communication: Goals,premises,policies
• • Integration: Plans must be properly balanced
• • Monitoring: As per the external environment

25. Nature of strategies and tactic

26. STRATEGIC ,TACTICAL AND
OPERATIONAL PLAN

27. EXAMPLE OF

28. Strategic and tactical plan
• Strategic and Tactical Plans
• • Strategic plans are plans that apply to the entire
organization, establish the organization’s overall
objectives, and seek to position the organization in terms
of its environment.
• • Tactical plans (sometimes referred to as operational
plans) are concerned with the implementation of
strategic plans by coordinating the work of different
departments in the organisation.
• • Strategic and tactical plans differ in three primary
ways— their time frame, scope, and whether they include
a known set of organizational objectives.

29. Continued
• Short-term and Long-term Plans • Short-
term plans are plans that cover less than one
year. • Long-term plans are plans that extend
beyond five years. • Their differences lie in the
length of future commitments and the degree of
variability organizations face.

30. Continued
• Specific and Directional Plans • Specific plans
have clearly defined objectives and leave no room
for misinterpretation. • Directional plans are flexible
plans that set out general guidelines.
• Single-use and Standing Plans • Single-use
plans are used to meet the needs of particular or
unique situation. e.g.development of a product. •
Standing plans are ongoing, and provide guidance
for repeatedly performed actions in an organization.

31. Planning process
• • Establishing objectives:
• identify goals, internal as well as external conditions,
Objectives should state what is to achieved, where action
needs to be taken, who is to perform it, how it is
undertaken , when it is to be accomplished.
• • Developing premises: assumptions about the
environment in which plans are made.
• • Evaluating alternatives and selection
• • Formulating derivative plans: The plan derived for
various departments, units, activities etc in a detailed
manner.
• • Securing cooperation and participation of employees.

32. CONTROLLING
• The process of measuring performance and
taking action to ensure desired results.
• Has a positive and necessary role in the
management process.
• Ensures that the right things happen, in the right
way, at the right time.

33. What is the control process?
• Steps in the control process :
• • Step 1— establish objectives and standards – •
Step 2— measure actual performance
• • Step 3— compare results with objectives and
standards
• • Step 4— take corrective action as needed

34. CONTROLE PROCESS
What is the control process?
Step 1—establishing objectives and
standards
• Output standards
Measure performance results in terms of quantity,
quality, cost, or time.
• Input standards
Measure effort in terms of amount of work
expended in task performance.

35. Step 2—measuring actual performance
Step 2—measuring actual performance
• Goal is accurate measurement of actual results
on output and/or input standards.
• Effective control requires measurement.

36. Step 3—comparing results with
objectives and standards
Step 3—comparing results with objectives and
standards
• Control equation
• Need for action reflects the difference between
desired performance and actual performance
• Methods of comparing desired and actual
performance
1) Historical comparison
2) 2) Relative comparison
3) 3)Engineering comparison
4) Benchmarking using different comparison
methods

37. • Step 4—taking corrective action
Step 4—taking corrective action
– Taking action when a discrepancy exists
between desired and actual performance.
– Management by exception
• Giving priority attention to situations showing
the greatest need for action.
• Types of exceptions –
1)Problem situation –
2)Opportunity situation

38. FEED FORWARD CONTROLS.
Employed before a work activity begins.
Ensures that:
1) Objectives are clear.
2) Proper directions are established.
3) Right resources are available.
Focuses on quality of resources.

39. CONCURRENT CONTROLS
• Focus on what happens during work process.
• Monitor ongoing operations to make sure they
are being done according to plan.
• Can reduce waste in unacceptable finished
products or services.

40. Feedback controls
• Take place after work is completed.
• Focus on quality of end results.
• Provide useful information for improving future
operations.

41. Summary
• Till now we have discussed about the panning ,
meaning, purpose, objective, importance, good
characteristic, planning process, etc.
• controlling like introduction, definition, process
, step of controlling process , types of controlling
process etc.

42. Conclusion
• I hope understand the planning and controlling
process in health care services and nursing
management work in clinical area. If you got
chance to do planning in nursing services , will
you able to apply the this knowledge in future
confidently.

43. Assignment
• .write a assignment on “Preparation of budget
estimate, revised estimate and performance
budget” in college of nursing 2022-23 plan ,
submit on 16.5.23 at 9am , in HOD office .

44. Question related to topic
• Define the planning ?
• List out th eobjectives of planning ?
• discuss the characteristic of planning ?
• Describe the good design of plan ?
• Enumerate the types of plan
• Discuss in detail about types of plan ?
• Write the steps of planning process?
• define control ?
• Discuss the process of controlling ?
• What are the step of controlling process ?

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