Planning is a key managerial function that involves determining objectives and developing steps to achieve those objectives given available resources. It is a systematic process that establishes goals and maps out future actions. Effective planning principles include basing plans on clear objectives and information, considering environmental factors, facilitating control, and ensuring plans are precise, practical and flexible. The planning process involves setting objectives and premises, evaluating alternative actions, developing derivative sub-plans, securing cooperation, and monitoring and adjusting plans. Plans can be operational, tactical or strategic, spanning different timeframes and scopes, with contingency plans developed in case original plans require changes.
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CAPACITY PLANNING AND FACILITIES PLANNINGLibcorpio
OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT, CAPACITY PLANNING, FACILITIES PLANNING, STRATEGIC CAPACITY PLANNING, MEASUREMENT OF CAPACITY PLANNING, PROCESS OF CAPACITY PLANNING, HIERARCHY OF FACILITY PLANNING, OBJECTIVE OF FACILITY LAYOUT, DESIGN OF FACILITY LAYOUT, DESIGN LAYOUT TECHNIQUES, TYPES OF FACILITY LAYOUT, PROCESS LAYOUT, PRODUCT LAYOUT, COMBINATION LAYOUT, FIXED POSITION LAYOUT, GROUP LAYOUT, BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT SCIENCE, EDUCATION AND LEARNING,
CAPACITY PLANNING AND FACILITIES PLANNINGLibcorpio
OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT, CAPACITY PLANNING, FACILITIES PLANNING, STRATEGIC CAPACITY PLANNING, MEASUREMENT OF CAPACITY PLANNING, PROCESS OF CAPACITY PLANNING, HIERARCHY OF FACILITY PLANNING, OBJECTIVE OF FACILITY LAYOUT, DESIGN OF FACILITY LAYOUT, DESIGN LAYOUT TECHNIQUES, TYPES OF FACILITY LAYOUT, PROCESS LAYOUT, PRODUCT LAYOUT, COMBINATION LAYOUT, FIXED POSITION LAYOUT, GROUP LAYOUT, BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT SCIENCE, EDUCATION AND LEARNING,
Step on planning
Despite the fact that, as Shakespeare said, "the pen is mightier than the sword," the pen itself is not enough to make an effective writer. In fact, though we may all like to think of ourselves as the next Shakespeare, inspiration alone is not the key to effective essay writing. You see, the conventions of English essays are more formulaic than you might think – and, in many ways, it can be as simple as counting to five.
Steps to Writing an Essay
Follow these 7 steps for the best results:
Read and understand the prompt: Know exactly what is being asked of you. It’s a good idea to dissect the prompt into parts.
Plan: Brainstorming and organizing your ideas will make your life much easier when you go to write your essay. It’s a good idea to make a web of your ideas and supporting details.
Use and cite sources: Do your research. Use quotes and paraphrase from your sources, but NEVER plagiarize.
Write a Draft: Ernest Hemingway once said, “The first draft of anything is always crap.” While the truth behind this statement is debatable, drafts are always a good place to get any of your “crappy” ideas out of the way and are often required by professors and instructors.
Make a strong thesis: The thesis (main argument) of the essay is the most important thing you’ll write. Make it a strong point.
Respond to the prompt: Once you have worked out any kinks in your draft, you can start writing the final draft of your essay.
Proofread: Read your response carefully to make sure that there are no mistakes and that you didn’t miss anything.
Of course, every essay assignment is different and it’s important to be mindful of that. If one of these steps isn’t applicable to the essay you are writing, skip it and move to the next one.
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General Essay Writing Tips
Despite the fact that, as Shakespeare said, "the pen is mightier than the sword," the pen itself is not enough to make an effective writer. In fact, though we may all like to think of ourselves as the next Shakespeare, inspiration alone is not the key to effective essay writing. You see, the conventions of English essays are more formulaic than you might think – and, in many ways, it can be as simple as counting to five.
Steps to Writing an Essay
Follow these 7 steps for the best results:
Read and understand the prompt: Know exactly what is being asked of you. It’s a good idea to dissect the prompt into parts.
Plan: Brainstorming and organizing your ideas will make your life much easier when you go to write your essay. It’s a good idea to make a web of your ideas and supporting details.
Use and cite sources: Do your research. Use quotes and paraphrase from your sources, but NEVER plagiarize.
Write a Draft: Ernest Hemingway once said, “The first draft of anything is always crap.” While the truth behind this statement is debatable, drafts are always a good place to get any of your “crappy” ideas out
It can help to many student's or any people who are planning to build their own business. It can help them to improve their managerial or leadership skills in business.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
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An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
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Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
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Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
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It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
3. Meaning
• Planning means looking ahead and chalking
out future courses of action to be followed.
• It is a preparatory step.
• It is a systematic activity which determines
when, how and who is going to perform a
specific job.
• It is the basic management function which
includes formulation of one or more detailed
plans to achieve optimum balance of needs or
demands with the available resources.
4.
5. Principles of Managerial
Planning
• Plans should be based upon clearly defined objectives
and make use of all available information.
• Plans should consider factors in the environment
which will help or hinder the organization in reaching
its goal.
• Plans should be based on the existing organization
and facilitate control in order to cross check
performance with established standards.
• Plans should be precise, practical and simple to
understand and operate.
• Plans must be flexible because if circumstances are
changing, the initial plan must still be valid.
6. Nature & Purpose of Planning
PLANNING is a process for accomplishing purpose.
• It is a blue print of business growth and a road map of development.
• It helps in deciding objectives both in quantitative and qualitative
terms.
• It is setting of goals on the basis of objectives and keeping in view the
resources.
• It predicts what the future should look like.
• Formal procedures used in such an endeavor, such as
• The creation of documents,
• Diagrams,
• Or meetings to discuss
• The important issues to be addressed,
• The objectives to be met,
• And the strategy to be followed.
7. Steps in Planning Function
Planning function of management involves
following steps:-
• Establishment of objectives
• Establishment of Planning Premises
• Choice of alternative course of action
• Formulation of derivative plans
• Securing Co-operation
• Follow up/Appraisal of plans
8. Establishment of objectives
• Planning starts with the setting of goals and
objectives to be achieved.
• Objectives provide a rationale for undertaking
various activities as well as indicate direction of
efforts.
• Objectives should be stated in a clear, precise and
unambiguous language.
• As far as possible, objectives should be stated in
quantitative terms.
• For example, Number of men working, wages given,
units produced, etc.
9.
10. Establishment of Planning
Premises
• Planning premises are the assumptions about the lively
shape of events in future.
• Determining where one tends to deviate from the actual
plans and causes of such deviations.
• What obstacles are there in the way of business during
the course of operations.
11. • Planning premises may be internal or external.
Internal includes
• Capital investment policy,
• Management labour relations,
• Philosophy of management, etc.
• Whereas external includes
• Socio- economic, political and
• Economical changes.
12. Choice of alternative course of
action
• When forecast are available and premises are
established, a number of alternative course of
actions have to be considered.
• For this purpose, each and every alternative will
be evaluated by weighing its pros and cons in the
light of resources available and requirements of
the organization.
• After objective and scientific evaluation, the best
alternative is chosen.
• The planners should take help of various
quantitative techniques to judge the stability of
an alternative.
13.
14. Formulation of Derivative Plans
• Derivative plans are the sub plans or
secondary plans which help in the
achievement of main plan.
• These detail plans include policies,
procedures, rules, programmes, budgets,
schedules, etc.
• For example, if profit maximization is the main
aim of the enterprise, derivative plans will include
sales maximization, production maximization, and
cost minimization.
15.
16. Securing Co-operation
After the plans have been determined,
• It is necessary rather advisable to take
subordinates or those who have to implement
these plans into confidence.
• The purposes behind taking them into
confidence are :-
• Subordinates may feel motivated since they are
involved in decision making process.
• The organization may be able to get valuable
suggestions and improvement in formulation as
well as implementation of plans.
17.
18. Follow up/Appraisal of plans
• After choosing a particular course of action, it
is put into action.
• After the selected plan is implemented, it is
important to appraise its effectiveness.
• This enables the management to correct
deviations or modify the plan.
19.
20. Types of Plans
Three major types of plans can help managers
achieve their organization's goals:
• Operational
• Tactical, and
• Strategic
21.
22. • Operational plans lead to the achievement of
tactical plans, which in turn lead to the
attainment of strategic plans.
• In addition to these three types of plans,
managers should also develop a contingency
plan in case their original plans fail.
23. Operational Plans
• The specific results expected from
departments, work groups, and individuals
are the operational goals.
• These goals are precise and measurable.
• For example-
• “Process 150 sales applications each week” or
“Publish 20 books this quarter” are examples of
operational goals.
24. Operational Plans
• An operational plan is one that a manager
uses to accomplish his or her job
responsibilities.
• Supervisors, team leaders, and facilitators
develop operational plans to support tactical
plans.
• Operational plans can be a single-use plan or
an ongoing plan.
25. Tactical Plans
• A tactical plan is concerned with what the lower
level units within each division must do, how they
must do it, and who is in charge at each level.
• Tactical plans are concerned with shorter time
frames and narrower scopes than are strategic
plans.
• These plans usually span one year or less because
they are considered short-term goals.
• Long-term goals, on the other hand, can take
several years or more to accomplish.
26. Strategic Plans
• A strategic plan is an outline of steps
designed with the goals of the entire
organization as a whole in mind.
• Strategic plans look ahead over the next two,
three, five, or even more years to move the
organization from where it currently is to
where it wants to be.
• Requiring multilevel involvement, these
plans demand harmony among all levels of
management within the organization.
27. • Top-level management develops the
directional objectives for the entire
organization, while
• Lower levels of management develop
compatible objectives and plans to achieve
them.
• Top management's strategic plan for the
entire organization becomes the framework
and sets dimensions for the lower level
planning.
Strategic Plans cont……..
28. Contingency Plans
• Contingency planning involves identifying
alternative courses of action that can be
implemented if and when
• The original plan proves inadequate because
of changing circumstances.
• Unexpected problems and events frequently
occur.
• When they do, managers may need to change
their plans.
29. Contingency Plans cont……
• Anticipating change during the planning
process is best in case things don't go as
expected.
• Management can then develop alternatives
to the existing plan and ready them for use
when and if circumstances make these
alternatives appropriate.