This document defines and provides examples of placental abnormalities and umbilical cord abnormalities. It defines placental abnormalities as marked anatomical, physiological, and abnormal implantations of the placenta that can lead to serious placental-maternal fetal effects. Examples provided include bilobular placenta, succenturiate placenta, and placenta accreta/increta/percreta. It also defines cord abnormalities as marked variations of the umbilical cord involving abnormal lengths, occlusion, etc. that can disturb feto-placental circulation. Examples given include battledore insertion, velamentous insertion, abnormal cord lengths, single umbilical artery, cord knots, nuchal cord

1. PRESENTED TO : PRESENTED BY:
Mrs. Sunita K.S Abhilasha Verma
( Lecturer) M.Sc. Nursing ( Prev.)
Batch 2015-16

2. DEFINITION -
“ Placental abnormalities refers to marked
variations including anatomical ,
physiological and abnormal
implantations of placenta that may lead to
serious placental-maternal fetal effects.”

3. MULTIPLE PLACENTA WITH SINGLE FETUS
e.g:-BILOBULAR PLACENTA

4. SUCCENTURIATE PLACENTA

5. FENESTRATE PLACENTA

6. PLACENTA ACCRETA/INCRETA / PERCRETA

7. CIRCUMVELLET PLACENTA

8. MEMBRANOUS PLACENTA

9. PLACENTAL INFRACTS

11. DEFINITION-
 “ Cord abnormalities refers to marked variations
of umbilical cord including anatomical,
physiological alterations involving abnormal
lengths, occlusion, etc that may result in
disturbance in feto-placental circulations.”

12. BATTLEDORE INSERTION

13. VELAMENTOUS INSERTION

14. ABNORMAL LENGTH
i) LONG CORD

15. ii) SHORT CORD

16. SINGLE UMBILICAL ARTERY

17. CORD KNOTS
I) FALSE KNOT-

18. II) TRUE KNOT

19. NUCHAL CORD

20. CORD STRICTURE