This document discusses the partograph, which is a composite graphical record used to monitor labor. It is used to assess the progress of normal and abnormal labor and the fetal response. The partograph allows providers to visualize cervical dilation over time and identify issues early. It includes components like maternal information, fetal well-being, labor progress, medications, and maternal condition. Using a partograph has benefits like early detection of problems, prevention of prolonged labor, and improved outcomes for mothers and babies.
It is a composite graphical recording of cervical dilatation and descent of head against duration of labour in hours.
It also gives information about fetal and maternal condition that are all recorded on single sheet of paper.
It is a composite graphical recording of cervical dilatation and descent of head against duration of labour in hours.
It also gives information about fetal and maternal condition that are all recorded on single sheet of paper.
Cord prolapse is a frightening and life-threatening event that occurs in labor. Rapid identification and immediate appropriate response may well save the life of a neonate. Therefore, clinicians should be knowledgeable in its recognition and management.
Fourth stage of labor: The hour or two after delivery when the tone of the uterus is reestablished as the uterus contracts again, expelling any remaining contents. These contractions are hastened by breastfeeding, which stimulates production of the hormone oxytocin.
Cord prolapse is a frightening and life-threatening event that occurs in labor. Rapid identification and immediate appropriate response may well save the life of a neonate. Therefore, clinicians should be knowledgeable in its recognition and management.
Fourth stage of labor: The hour or two after delivery when the tone of the uterus is reestablished as the uterus contracts again, expelling any remaining contents. These contractions are hastened by breastfeeding, which stimulates production of the hormone oxytocin.
Khóa học Internet Marketing - Digital marketing hay marketing online cũng vậy là khóa học xuất sắc của Vinalink academy trong 2 năm qua . Hầu như toàn bộ các thương hiệu lớn nhỏ tại Việt nam đều đến Vinalink để học lớp này. đây có thể coi là khóa học về digital marketing chuẩn và hay nhất Việt nam hiện nay
Intra Partum Cardiotocography - dr vivek patkardrvivekpatkar
Cardiotocography ( CTG )
is a procedure of graphically ( graph) recording fetal heart activity and uterine contractions ( Toco ) – both recorded in the same time scale simultaneously and continuously through uterine quiscience and contractions
Partogram is a useful tool for the assessment and management of labour. This presentation describes the method to plot partogram and means how to assess prolonged labour by using it.
Maternal Care: The first stage labour Monitoring and managementSaide OER Africa
Maternal Care addresses all the common and important problems that occur during pregnancy, labour, delivery and the puerperium. It covers: the antenatal and postnatal care of healthy women with normal pregnancies, monitoring and managing the progress of labour, specific medical problems during pregnancy, labour and the puerperium, family planning, regionalised perinatal care
A Partograph is a graphical record of progress during labor.
Progress is measured by cervical dilatation against time in hours, as well as by providing a record of the important conditions of the mother and fetus that may arise during the process
Partograph is a composite graphical recording of progress of labour and salient condition of mother and fetus. For progress of labor and conditions of the mother and the fetus. It was developed and extensively tested by the world health organization (WHO)
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Factory Supply Best Quality Pmk Oil CAS 28578–16–7 PMK Powder in Stockrebeccabio
Factory Supply Best Quality Pmk Oil CAS 28578–16–7 PMK Powder in Stock
Telegram: bmksupplier
signal: +85264872720
threema: TUD4A6YC
You can contact me on Telegram or Threema
Communicate promptly and reply
Free of customs clearance, Double Clearance 100% pass delivery to USA, Canada, Spain, Germany, Netherland, Poland, Italy, Sweden, UK, Czech Republic, Australia, Mexico, Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan.Door to door service
Hot Selling Organic intermediates
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
Follow us on: Pinterest
Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
3. Partograph
It is composite graphical record of key data
(maternal and fetal) during labour entered
against time on a single sheet of paper .
PARTOGRAM
It is the process by which normal and abnormal
progress of labour and also fetal response in
labour can be identified.
4. Objectives of using partograph
O Early detection of abnormal progress of labour.
O Prevention of prolonged labour.
O Increase the quality and regularity of all
observations of mother and fetus.
O Early recognition of maternal or fetal problems.
O To provide a basis of decision making.
O To facilitate research.
O To defend one’s actions – no documentation – no
defense.
5. Importance of using partograph :
It allows an instant visual assessment of the
rate of Cervical dilatation and comparision
with an expected normal, so that abnormal
progress can be recognized .
Early and appropriate actions taken to correct
it
where possible.
8. Components of Partogram
Mother information
Fetal well-being
• Fetal heart rate
• Character of liquor
• Moulding
Labour progress
• Dilatation
• Descent
• Uterine contraction
Medications
• Oxytocin
• Pain relief (e.g. pethidine)
Maternal well-being
• BP, Pulse, Temperature
• Urine – albumin, glucose, acetone
• Urine output
9. What need to be recorded?
Begin plotting at the
“zero” hour on the
partogram
Enter the outcome
of delivery
1
2
All entries made in
relation to time when
the observations are
made
3
Notes should be
legible, dated and
timed.
4
11. b. Fetal heart rate
recorded every 30minutes.
c. The condition of the membranes and
liquor amnii.
Mark ‘I’ for intact membrane.
‘C’ for clear liquor amnii.
‘M’ for meconium stained
liquor.
d. Moulding .
12. e. Cervicogram
* It is a graphic representation of cervical
dilatation and descent of the presenting part .
* It is an essential part of the partogram .
* It offer the chance of early detection of abnormal
progess of labour.
* First, alert line starts at 3cm cervical dilatation and ends
at 10cm at the rate of 1cm/hour.
13. f.Uterine Contractions
5 strong contractions
in 10 minutes
2 weak contractions
in 10 minutes
3 moderate contractions
in 10 minutes
14. g.Assess maternal condition regularly by monitoring :
O Drugs , IV fluids , and oxytocin , if labour is augmented
O Pulse , Blood pressure
O Temperature
O Urine volume analysis for protein, acetone, glucose and
volume.
15. Benefits of a partograph
O A single sheet of paper can provide details of
necessary information at a glance.
O No need to record labour events repeatedly.
O Can predict deviation from normal progress early.
O It facilitates handover procedure.
O Introduction of partograph in management of
labour {WHO 1994} has reduced the incidence of
prolonged labour and caesarean section rates.
There is improvement in maternal morbidity,
perinatal morbidity and mortality.
16. PARTOGRAM History
Friedman's partogram - 1954
2 phases of labour (base on dilatation
of the cervix )
Latent phase (dilatation < 3 cm)
Active phase (>3 cm dilated)
Latent phase
Active phase
Philpott and Castle - 1972
Introduced the concept of “ALERT”
and “ACTION” lines.
ALERT LINE – represent the mean rate
of slowest progress of labour
ACTION LINE – appropriate action should
be taken.
Normal labour is plotted to the left alert line
17. Friedman′s Division of Labor :
The active phase is further into 3 parts :
* Acceleration phase.
* Phase of maximum slope and
* Decceleration phase.
18.
19. Normal Progress of Labor
* latent phase : 8 hours or less .
* active phase : progress of the cervical dilatation
remains on the alert line or between the alert
and
the action lines ( 1cm/hour ).
* second stage : reasonable rotation and descent of
the presenting part within 1 hour or less .
20. Abnormal progress of labour
o Disorders of 1st stage
Protracted active phase-the rate of cervical
dilatation <1.2cm/hr in primipara and
<1.5cm/hr in multipara.
Arrest disorder-no cervical dilatation in 2 hrs
after active phase of labour.
o Secondary arrest is defined when the
active phase of labour commences
normally but stops or slows significantly
for 2 hrs or more prior to full dilatation of
cervix.
21.
22. o Disorders of 2nd stage
Protraction of descent-descent of
presenting part is <1cm/hr in nullipara and
<2 cm/hr in multipara.
Arrest of descent-no progress of descent
is observed.
23.
24. Moving to the right of alert
line
O This is a warning sign.
O Transfer the woman from health center to
hospital.
O Decision needed on further
management.(usually by obstetrician or
resident )
25. When progress in active phase remains
on or left of the alert line / latent phase
is less than 8 hours
O Do not augment with oxytocin if latent
and active phases go normally
O Do not intervene unless complications
develop
O Artificial rupture of membranes
( ARM )
O No ARM in latent phase
O ARM at any time in active phase
26. MANAGEMENT OF LABOUR BETWEEN
ALERT AND ACTION LINES (Alert or
Referral zone)
1. Health facilities with Basic EmOC
O Transfer the woman to hospital unless the
cervix is almost fully dilated
O ARM may be performed if membranes are still
intact and first stage of labour is advanced and
delivery is expected soon.
27. 2. Health Facility with Comprehensive
EmOC
OPerform ARM at vaginal examination
OContinue routine monitoring
ORepeat vaginal examination 4 hrs or earlier if
delivery is expected sooner
ODo not intervene or augment – unless
complications develop
28. MANAGEMENT OF LABOUR AT OR
BEYOND THE ACTION LINE
1. Full medical and obstetric assessment
2. Consider IV infusions / catheterization / analgesics
(tramadol, pethidine, etc)
3. Options
O Perform CS - if fetal distress or obstructed labour
or operative vaginal delivery if in 2nd stage without
severe fetal distress and/or obstructed.
O Oxytocin – if no contraindications
O Supportive only – if satisfactory progress is
established and dilatation could be anticipated at
1cm/hr or faster.