This document provides information on the physical and chemical properties of water. It discusses how water is used extensively in wet textile processing and acts as a solvent for chemicals. The physical properties of water discussed are its colorlessness, odorlessness, melting and boiling points, heat of fusion and vaporization, and highest density at 4°C. Chemically, water has high thermal stability and is a poor conductor of electricity. Reactions with metals like sodium and chlorine are discussed. The ideal quality parameters for dye house water are also listed.

1. Presentation on: Physical & Chemical properties of Water
Prepared By:
Tanvir Ahammed Rana
Id. 2012000400038
19th Batch, Textile Department.
SouthEast University.

2. Water in textile wet processing:
In wet processing, water consumption is used
greater than the amounts of fibers processed. It is
the ubiquitous solvent for the solutions of chemicals
used. For this we should know details about water.
Physical and chemical properties of water are given
below:

3. General properties / physical properties of water:
1. Water when pure has no color no taste and no
order.
2. The plaseut taste of water is due to dissolved
gases and salts present in the water.
3. Melting point 00C.
4. Boiling point at 760mm hyprressure-1000C.
5. Heat of fusion 79.7 cal/g
6. Heat of uaporisction 539.6 cal/g
7. It shows highest density at 400C -18m/ml

4. Chemical properties of water / H2O:
1. Water has a gnat thermal stability and not closely
decomposed into elements,
2H2O + 69000 cal = 2H2O + O2
2. Water is poor conductor of electricity.
3. Electropositive metal react with water violently and
liberate hydrogen
2Na + H2O =2NaOH + H2
4. Electronegative metal react with water at ordinary
temperature
Cl2 + H2O = HCl + HClO
5. Most organic compound are insoluble in water but
non-polar organic compound like ether ,bengene ,
alcohol, are soluble in water.

5. Standard/ideal quality of dye house water:
Minimum Standard Permissible Concentration
Color Color less
Smell Odourless
PH Neutral (7-7.5)
Water hardness <5odh
Solid deposit <50mg/l
Inorganic salts <500mg/l
Organic substance <20mg/l
Fe <0.1mg/l
Cu <0.005mg/l
Nitrate <50mg/l
Nitrite <5mg/l
Manganese (Mn) <0.02mg/l
Silicone (Si) <3mg/l
Total dissolve solid (TDS) 65-150mg/l
Alkalinity at pH 4 35-65 crcog