The hydrological cycle describes the continuous movement of water on, above, and below the Earth's surface. It involves evaporation of water from oceans, rivers, and land into water vapor in the atmosphere, followed by condensation of water vapor into clouds and precipitation as rain or snow back onto land and oceans, where some infiltrates soil and becomes groundwater, and some runs off into rivers and lakes or returns to the oceans, completing the cycle. The major processes are evaporation, transpiration, condensation, precipitation, infiltration, and runoff, driven primarily by energy from the sun.

1. GEOGRAPHY PRESENTATION
TOPIC: HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE (
WATER CYCLE)
GROUP 8
GROUP MEMBERS / ID
MOHAMMED IFRAAN : 2018000079
SHYLEEN JAISHIKA PRASAD: 2017001434
SHERIN FARAHNAAZ BI: 2018001467
NITISHA KUMAR: 2017140786
SHIRAZ ALI: 2018000042
LECTURER: DR. ASIF IQUBAL

2. WHAT IS HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE
• The hydrological cycle is the system which describes and
movement of water between the earth and its atmosphere.
• Water cycle describes how water is exchange through earths
land ,ocean and atmosphere .
• It also describes the continuous movement of all forms of
water [ vapour, liquid and solid ]on , in and above earths
surface.
source : www.googlesearch.com

3. MAJOR PROCESS OF HYDROLOGICAL
CYCLE
1 : EVAPORATION
2: TRANSPIRATION
3: CONDENSATION
4: PRECIPITATION
5: INFILTRATION & RUN-OFF

4. EVAPORATION
• Evaporation is the change of state in a substance from a liquid
to a gas. In meteorology , the substance we are concerned
about the most is water.
• Water is continuously evaporating from the surface of the
earth, literally pumping more and more water vapor into the
atmosphere.
• Evaporation both sea and land surface where the sun is the
most important factor determining the rate of evaporation.
• Source : www.whatisevaporation.com
Source: www.googleimage.com

5. TRANSPIRATION
• Transpiration is the process where plants absorb water
through the roots and then gives off water vapor through the
pores called stomata. Stomata are the small opening found on
the underside of leaves .
• Of the transpired water passing through a plant only 1% is
used in the growth process of the plant .The remaining 99% is
passed into the atmosphere .
• Source: www.googlesearch.com.
Source : www.googleimage.com

6. CONDENSATION
• Condensation is the process whereby water vapor in the
atmosphere is changed into a liquid state. In the atmosphere
condensation may appear as cloud or dew .
• Condensation is the process whereby water appears on the
side of a cold drink can or bottle.
• Condensation, in Hydrological Cycle, refers to water being
cooled at a high altitude where the temperature is low
enough for the formation of cloud.
• Source : www.googlesearch.com
Source : www.googleimage.com

7. PRECIPITATION
• Precipitation is the result when the tiny condensation particles
grow too large. Water released from clouds in the form of rain,
freezing rain, sleet, snow, or hail.
• It is the primary connection in the water cycle that provides for the
delivery of atmospheric water to the earth.
• source : www.whatisrecipitation.com
• Source : library resource (Encyclopedia of Geography )
Source: www.googleimage.com

8. INFILTRATION & RUN-OFF
INFILTRATION
• The flow of water from the ground surface into the ground
.Once infiltration, the water becomes soil moisture or
groundwater.
RUN- OFF
• Runoff occurs when there is excessive precipitation and the
ground is saturated cannot absorb anymore water.
• Rivers and lakes are result of runoff. There is some evaporation
from runoff into the atmosphere but for the most part water in
rivers and lakes return to the ocean.
Source : www.googlesearch.com

9. INFILTRATION AND RUN-OFF

10. CONCLUSION
Conclusively, Hydrological Cycle involves the
circulation of water between the earth and its
atmosphere . Water is constantly moving from one
place to another through the processes of evaporation,
transpiration, condensation, precipitation, infiltration
and run-off. Hence, sun is the main component which
makes the hydrological cycle to function.

11. REFERENCES
• Rast , M . Johannessen , J . Mauser ,W .,2014. Surveys in
Geophysics Journal. 35, pp . 491-513.
• Wrighton , B. A . Marchington , T ., 1984 . Encyclopedia
of Geography . Hong Kong: Purnell Publishers Limited.
• URL :http://water . Usgs . /edu/watercycle . Html>
[Accessed 20/02/2818].
• http ://www.eschooltoday .com /water-cycle/what-is-
evaporation-of-water .html>[Accessed 23/02/2018].
• http:/www.google.com/search?q=what+is+hydrological+
cycle&oq.html>[Accessed 23/02/2018].