This document discusses elements of persuasive presentations. It defines persuasive presentations as messages that influence audiences by changing their responses to ideas, issues, or products. It outlines three types of persuasive speeches: to inspire feelings/motivations, to convince beliefs/attitudes, and to influence behaviors/actions. The document also discusses Toulmin's model of argument construction, common fallacies to avoid, and organizational patterns for persuasive speeches like problem-solution, logical reasons, and criteria-satisfaction.

1. Defining Persuasive Presentation
• Persuasive Presentations are messages
–that influence an audience’s choices by
changing their responses toward an idea,
issue, concept, or product

2. Three types of persuasive presentation
1. Speech to inspire
-to influence listeners’ feelings, motivations
(to inspire to be more spiritual)
http://www.cbn.com/tv/3370758513001#.UyzI0WQP5Ow.facebook
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r5JmY7M_zXg
1. Speech to convince
-to influence listeners’ beliefs or attitudes
(to convince that gender equality is beneficial to
both men and women) https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=a4f6oUMp9OU

3. Three types of persuasive presentation
3. Speech of action
-to influence listeners, behaviors and actions
(you may want listener to join a n organization or to
volunteer)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-MwyErsB6Oo

4. Which of these 3 types you speech
fits in?
•inspire
•convince
•action

5. Persuasive speech
• Question of fact
– seeks to uncover the truth based on fact
(Who leaked the name of a CIA operative?)
• Question of value
– raises issues about goodness, badness, right, and
wrong
(Should our society allow people to take their own
lives when they suffer from chronic pain?)

6. Persuasive speech
• Question of policy
Enters the realm of rules, regulations, laws
(Should college students be prohibited from drinking
alcohol on campus?)

7. Toulmin’s model of argument construction
Claim
– An assertion that is open to question, or the
proposition based on reasoning.
Data
- Evidence or proof you provide to support your
claim.
Warrant
-The link between the data and your claim

8. Warrant
• Good speeches have multiple
warrants supporting the same claim
• Double check your outline

9. Think:
• What is your claim?
• What are the possible data to prove it?

10. Definitions
• Deductive reasoning
– To base a claim on some premise that is generally
affirmed by the audience
– Weakness: the premise does not have to be true
• Inductive reasoning
– to draw an inference from a series of particular
instances
– Weakness: Involves an inferential leap when
jumping from particulars to generalizations

11. Avoid the six common fallacies
1. Name calling: unfairly labeling people
2. Glittering Generality:
(accept an idea without examining the evidence
because it looks so good. Example: Bringing
democracy to the Arab world.)
3. Bandwagon technique:
(the argument: “do because everybody is doing it”)

12. Six common fallacies
4. Circular reasoning
Uses unproven positions to prove each other
(He is unhappy because he drinks. He drinks because he
is unhappy.)
5. Either/Or
everything is binary (two opposite points), nothing is
neutral or has multiple positions. (Example: You are
either with me or against me.)

13. Six common fallacies
6. Post Hoc ( ergo propter hoc) Fallacy
From Latin: after this; therefore, because of this
(Because I walked under a ladder I am unlucky: I
almost immediately was splashed by a passing car.
Because I saw a black cat when I walked to the
exam, I failed.)

14. Proposition Statement
• A persuasive speech uses a proposition rather
than a thesis statement
• Proposition “Proposes” a change in attitude,
action or beliefs and must include the word,
“should.”

15. Three parts of proposition statement
1. The agent of action: who supposed to act
2. The word should: action word,
what action your audience should take
3. The desired outcome: what your audience will
do after your speech

16. More on Proposition
• Although we can express “should” on
different ways, for educational purposes,
please stick to this requirement and use the
word “should.”
• To qualify as a proposition, a statement must
be capable of being either true or false

17. Persuasive Organizational Patterns
• Problem-solution pattern
• Problem-cause-solution
Establish a problem
Explain the cause for the problem
Offer a solution

18. Persuasive Organizational Patterns
• Logical reasons pattern
present the best-supported reasons for
agreeing with
organize the second strongest reason for
the first, the strongest reason last, and
any other reasons in the middle

19. Persuasive Organizational Patterns
Criteria-Satisfaction Pattern
• Seek the audience agreement with some
criteria
• Show how your proposal will fill those criteria

20. Monroe Motivated Sequence
• Capture the attention of the audience
• Establish the need for your proposal
• Present the solution to the problem
• Visualize the solution for the audience
• State the behavior you expect:
You want your audience’s action or approval