Persia, Greece, and Rome By Chi Chi and Sole'
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Darius I stimulated the Persian empire's economy by introducing reforms like standardized currency, road networks, and new agricultural techniques. He established imperial administrative systems including taxation codes, bureaucracies, and postal and judicial systems. This increased long-distance trade and economic growth. Similarly, ancient Greek city-states and the Roman Republic focused on agriculture and trade, with economies based around exporting staple crops. Standardized currencies and banking systems arose to facilitate regional and international commerce. Both the Persian and Roman empires eventually declined due in part to falling trade and taxation policies that overburdened peasants.
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![ Darius, the third king of the Achaemenid dynasty, stimulated the
empire’s economy.
He is credited for imperial organization
He introduced tax codes
Introduced standardization of money, currency, weight and made
transaction easier (gold and silver coins)
Built road networks
Massive irrigation encouraged new agricultural techniques
established postal and judicial systems
Imperial Bureaucrats due to the requirements of imperial
administration, a new class of educated bureaucrats. They
eventually (to a large extent) undermined the position of the old
warrior elite. They did not directly challenge the patriarchal warriors,
and did not seek to displace them from their position in society. [Tax
Collectors, Administrators, and Record Keepers]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
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Rome gained territory and power through wars with Carthage over several centuries. Romans established colonies and traded agricultural goods, expanding their empire across the Mediterranean region. Their society was stratified, with patricians at the top governing through a republican system, while plebeians comprised the working classes. Citizens found recreation in gladiator games and socializing, though education was limited for the poor. Trade routes and infrastructure like aqueducts and roads supported economic development, though inflation and unemployment later challenged their economy.
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The document provides an overview of several sections in a chapter about Ancient Greece. It summarizes the key points about the early Greeks, the development of Sparta and Athens as city-states, and Persia's attacks on Greece. It describes the geography of Greece, the rise and fall of the Minoan and Mycenaean civilizations, the influence of tyrants and the establishment of democracy in Athens. It also outlines the expansion of the Persian Empire and the Greek victories over Persia at Marathon, Thermopylae and Salamis that prevented their conquest.
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- 1. By: Sole’ and Chi Chi Mrs,Carlise
- 2. Darius, the third king of the Achaemenid dynasty, stimulated the empire’s economy. He is credited for imperial organization He introduced tax codes Introduced standardization of money, currency, weight and made transaction easier (gold and silver coins) Built road networks Massive irrigation encouraged new agricultural techniques established postal and judicial systems Imperial Bureaucrats due to the requirements of imperial administration, a new class of educated bureaucrats. They eventually (to a large extent) undermined the position of the old warrior elite. They did not directly challenge the patriarchal warriors, and did not seek to displace them from their position in society. [Tax Collectors, Administrators, and Record Keepers]
- 3. The coins came in silver denarius, bronze sestertius, and bronze as. Picture of their emperor on one side, and on the other side were propagandists symbols. There was a curry exchange for foreign. merchants. They would do long distant trade, which was similar to banks in today's world. Hellenistic World sent 3 important exports to Rome: wine, cooks, and tutors possibly slave Agriculture was a huge part of their economy. Pax Romana helped to establish a uniform way of money, which lead to expansion of trade. Once there was a decline in trade in Rome, that’s when the economy started to drop. Rome and the Han Dynasty both declined due to the trading systems falling off. They also both put taxes on goods for the peasants to pay. Although Rome’s economy was doing great, years later it started to corrupt once the empire collapsed.
- 4. They didn't have a budget. Only the wealthy people pay taxes. Athens depended on grains (wheat) to trade. All the cities that minted coins identified their coins by stamping it with an emblem. Slaves were used to improve the crops which helped farmers gain wealth. During the Hellenistic era, they developed a centralized banking system with local branches and a head bank in Alexandria.
- 5. Persia had a standardization of money, currency, and weight Rome used coins that came in silver denarius, bronze sestertius, and bronze as. In Greece all the cities that minted coins identified their coins by stamping it with an emblem. Before 600 B.C. there was no monetary system in Greece, so they utilized the barter system. This was a system of trading goods and /or services for other goods and/or services. Athens used a coin named drachma.
- 6. Greece’s main aspect of economy was through trade. They had no monetary system set up but rather more of a bartering system. The trading ranged from local to international. International trade spread throughout the regions driven by social and political.(main items of trade within city states: cereals, wine, olives, figs, eels.) Likewise Persia and Greece central economy also came from trade. Further distances trade grew rapidly linking the lands from India to Egypt. The most cultivated items were barley and wheat. Persia produced many other crops pea, lentils, mustard, garlic, onions, cucumbers, apricots, etc. Unlike Greece and Persia, Rome focused primarily on agriculture. They were mostly farmers. Much of Roman trade, industry, and labor involved supplying food to the larger cities within the empire, such as Alexandria. However they did grow similar crops that Greece traded with such as olives, grapes, and wheat. Peasants would use surplus of crops to pay taxes.
- 7. "Darius I." World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras. ABC-CLIO, 2015. Web. 4 Sept. 2015. “McGeough, Kevin M. "Roman moneylending." World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras. ABC-CLIO, 2015. Web. 4 Sept. 2015.” Aldrete, Gregory S. "Roman coinage." World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras. ABC-CLIO, 2015. Web. 4 Sept. 2015. Garland, Robert. "Greek coinage." World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras. ABC-CLIO, 2015. Web. 9 Sept. 2015. Salisbury, Joyce E. and Gregory S. Aldrete. "Trade in Greece: Ancient World." Daily Life through History. ABC-CLIO, 2015. Web. 9 Sept. 2015. Garland, Robert. "Greek coinage." World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras. ABC-CLIO, 2015. Web. 9 Sept. 2015. "Economy, Roman." Ancient Greece and Rome: An Encyclopedia for Students. Ed. Carroll Moulton. Vol. 2. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1998. 25-26. World History in Context. Web. 9 Sept. 2015. "Running on empty; Greece's economy." The Economist 7 Mar. 2015: 76(US). World History in Context. Web. 9 Sept. 2015. Hutchinson, Jennifer. "Sparta (Overview)." World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras. ABC-CLIO, 2015. Web. 9 Sept. 2015. Mark Cartwright. “Trade in Ancient Greece,” Ancient History Encyclopedia. Last modified January 18, 2012. http://www.ancient.eu /article/115/. "Darius I and the Persian Empire." Civilizations of the Ancient Near East. Ed. Jack M. Sasson. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1995. World History in Context. Web. 10 Sept. 2015.