A peritonsillar abscess forms in the soft tissues next to the tonsils due to a bacterial infection, usually streptococcus. It causes pain, swelling and difficulty swallowing or breathing if severe. Diagnosis involves physical exam, imaging like CT scan, and aspirating pus for culture. Treatment involves antibiotics, analgesics for pain, and sometimes needle aspiration or incision and drainage of the abscess.

1. GRACIOUS COLLEGE OF NURSING
RAIPUR
PERITONSILLAR ABSCESS
PRESENTED BY
OM VERMA
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR

4. INTRODUCTION
peritonsillar abscess forms in the tissues of
the throat next to one of the tonsils. An
abscess is a collection of pus that forms near
an area of infected skin or other soft tissue.
an area of infected skin or other soft tissue.
The abscess can cause pain, swelling, and, if
severe, blockage of the throat. If the throat
is blocked, swallowing, speaking, and even
breathing become difficult.

5. Definition
According to levis

6. According to luckmans

7. When an infection of the tonsils
(known as tonsillitis) spreads and
causes infection in the soft tissues,
a peritonsillar abscess may result. it
According to luckmans
a peritonsillar abscess may result. it
is called peritonsillar abscess.

8. According to Wikipedia

9. ETIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY

10. 1. A peritonsillar abscess is most
often a complication of
tonsillitis. The bacteria
involved are similar to those
involved are similar to those
that cause strep throat.

11. 2. Streptococcal bacteria ( Group A
beta-hemolytic streptococcus )most
commonly cause an infection in the
soft tissue around the tonsils
(usually just on one side). The
(usually just on one side). The
tissue is then invaded by anaerobes
(bacteria that can live without
oxygen), which enter through
nearby glands.

12. 3. Dental infection (such as the gum
infections periodontitis , also called gum
disease, is a serious gum infection that
damages the soft tissue and, without
treatment, can destroy the bone that
supports teeth and gingivitis is a common
supports teeth and gingivitis is a common
and mild form of gum disease (periodontal
disease) that causes irritation, redness and
swelling (inflammation) of gingiva, the part
of gum around the base of teeth

13. 4. CHRONIC TONSILLITIS
A peritonsillar abscess is most often a
complication of chronic tonsillitis.
Streptococcal bacteria most
commonly cause an infection in the
commonly cause an infection in the
soft tissue around the tonsils .

14. 4. INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS (IM)
Is a viral infection, caused by Epstein-
Barr virus (EBV), which is characterized
by fever, sore throat, lympha-denopathy
and atypical lymphocytosis. ( high
lymphocyte count, is an increase in white
lymphocyte count, is an increase in white
blood cells called lymphocytes.
Lymphocytes help fight off diseases, so
it's normal to see a temporary increase
after an infection ) Peritonsillar cellulitis
is associated with IM

15. 5. SMOKING
smoking could be an important
predisposing factor for the
development of peritonsillar
development of peritonsillar
abscess e. g. due to alteration of
the mucosa and microbiological
changes.

16. 5. TONSILLOLITHS
Tonsil stones are small lumps of
hardened material that form on
tonsils, in the back of throat.
tonsils, in the back of throat.
The main sign of tonsil stones is
bad breath. and infection in
tonsils and peritonsillar space.

18. Due to etiological factors such as-

22. Odynophagia refers to pain
on swallowing.
Inability to open mouth
on swallowing.

23. "HOT POTATO VOICE" (HPV)
Is a thick, muffled voice caused by
pharyngeal or laryngeal diseases
characterized by severe upper
characterized by severe upper
airway obstruction, including acute
epiglottitis and peritonsillitis.

27. DIAGNOSTIC
EXAMINATION

28. 1. H/T
2. PHYSICAL EXAMINATION

29. A rare condition in which the neck muscles contract, causing
the head to twist to one side.

30. CBC
CT SCAN
MRI
THROAT CULTURE
THROAT CULTURE
ASPIRATE PERITONSILLAR ABSCESS

31. Aspirate peritonsillar abscess For bacterial
culture For needle aspiration
Use the 10-mL syringe with an 18- or 20-gauge
needle.
Apply continuous suction and direct the needle in
the sagittal plane (anterior to posterior) and not to
the sagittal plane (anterior to posterior) and not to
the side (laterally). ...
Aspirate the most prominent area first; it is usually
the superior pole. ...
Typically 2 to 6 mL of pus is obtained. And sample
send the laboratory for bacterial culture

33. PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT