explanation on tonsillitis symptoms, types and treatment

1. TONSILLITIS
Prepared by Dr Kavitha

4. RELATIONS
• Anterior: anterior pillar
• Posterior: posterior pillar
• Superior: soft palate
• Inferior: tongue
• Medial: cavity of oropharynx
• Lateral: peritonsillar capsule, superior
constrictor muscle, paratonsilar veins,
glossopharyngeal nerve

6. WHAT
IS
TONSILLITIS?

7. Aka Acute catarrhal tonsillitis.
Here tonsillitis is a part of
generalized pharyngitis and is
mostly seen in viral infections.
Infection spreads into the crypts
which become filled with purulent
material, presenting at the openings
of crypts as yellowish spots
Here tonsil substance is
affected. Tonsil is uniformly
enlarged and red
It is a stage ahead of acute follicular
tonsillitis when exudation from the
crypts coalesces to form a membrane
on the surface of tonsil.

8. Here tonsillar crypts are full of
infected cheesy material which shows
on the surface as yellowish spots.
There is hyperplasia of lymphoid tissue. Tonsils
are very much enlarged and may interfere with
speech, deglutition and respiration. Long-
standing cases develop features of cor
pulmonale, sleep apnoea.
Tonsils are small but infected,
with history of repeated sore
throats.

9. CLINICAL FEATURES
• Sore throat
• Reduce oral intake, Odynophagia
• Fever, may associate with chills and rigor
• Earache
• Change in voice
• Sign of sepsis
• Palpable lymph nodes
• Oral cavity: enlarged/ exudative tonsils

11. TREATMENT
• Bed rest
• Soft diet
• Plenty of fluids
• Warm saline gargles
• Analgesics – Lozenges, paracetamol
• Antibiotics – penicillin/ erythromycin for 5-10days
( should be prescribed in suspected/ proven bacterial infection and
modified centor score >3)
• Surgical intervention in recurrent tonsilitis

12. CAUSATIVE AGENT

17. Tonsillectomy Indication

21. PERITONSILLAR
ABSCESS

27. Offer tonsillectomy 6 weeks
post treatment

30. REFERRENCE
• Diseases of ear, nose and throat, PL Dhingra
• Handbook of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Second Edition
• National Antibiotic Guideline