Otosclerosis is a condition where abnormal bone growth occurs on the stapes in the middle ear, causing it to become fixed and preventing sound vibration transmission. This results in conductive hearing loss. It usually affects both ears and causes progressive hearing loss. It has two classifications - histological (found postmortem) and clinical (three subtypes based on location). The exact cause is unknown but heredity is a factor. Symptoms include hearing loss, dizziness, tinnitus, and vertigo. Diagnostic tests include audiometry and imaging. Treatment options include hearing aids and surgery like stapedectomy or stapedotomy to restore hearing. Complications can include infection, dizziness, or deafness

1. OTOSCLEROSIS
SUDESHNA BANERJEE DUTTA; SENIOR LECTURER

2. OTOSCLEROSIS
❖ Otosclerosis or “hardening of the ear” result from
the formation of an abnormal bone growth along
the stapes in the middle ear
❖ With the new bone growth , the stapes become
immobile prevents transmission as sound
vibration into the ear, leading to conductive
hearing loss
❖ Otosclerosis usually affect the both ears

4. CLASSIFICATION
There are mainly two types of classification:-
➢ Histological otosclerosis
➢ Clinical otosclerosis

5. CLASSIFICATION
Histological otosclerosis:- This type of
otosclerosis does not produce any
symptoms during life but is revealed only at
postmortem
Clinical otosclerosis There are three sub types
✓ Stapedial otosclerosis
✓ Cochlear otosclerosis
✓ Mixed otosclerosis

6. CLASSIFICATION
❖ Stapedial otosclerosis:- The otosclerosis focus
may produce ankylosis of the membraneous
labyrinth
❖ Cochlear otosclerosis:- The otosclerotic process
proceeds upon the membraneous labyrinth
producing sensory-neural deafness
❖ Mixed otosclerosis:- Otosclerosis causes both
fixation of the stapes as well as in involvement of
the labyrinth so that is mixed hearing loss

9. CAUSES
❑ Exact cause is not known
❑ Heredity: Family history of deafness is present
in 50% of cases
❑ Viral infection(Measles etc.)
❑ Other ear conditions

10. CLINICAL
MANIFESTATIONS
➢ Hearing loss(progressive deafness which is
painless and is insidious)
➢ Dizziness
➢ Tinnitus
➢ Buzzing in the ear
➢ Vertigo
➢ Headache & otalgia

11. DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
❖ History
❖ Physical examination
❖ Tuning fork test
❖ Audiometry test
❖ Tympanocentesis –send the fluid of middle ear for
culture
❖ CT scan – collection of fluid in ear & mastoid
region , abscess formation
❖ MRI – evaluation of tumor & soft tissue
❖ Audiography – to assess hearing capability

12. MANAGEMENT
❑ Otosclerosis may slowly get worse. The
condition may not require treatment until one
having severe hearing problems
❑ Administer analgesics such as –
• IBUPROFEN
• OXYCODONE
• ACETAMENOPHEN (PCM)
❑ Hearing aid may be used to treat the hearing
loss

13. SURGICAL MANAGEMENT
➢ Stapedectomy:- The removal of portion of the
sclerotic stepes footplate of stapes or complete
removal of the stapes and the implant with
prosthesis to maintain suitable conduction.
➢ Stapedotomy:- Modern surgery called
stapedotomy is performed by drilling a small hole
in the stapes footplate with micro drill or laser,
and the insertion of a piston like prosthesis

15. COMPLICATIONS
➢ Complete deafness
➢ Infection
➢ Dizziness
➢ Pain
➢ Blood clot in the ear after surgery

16. SELF CARE AT HOME (POST-
OPERATIVE)
➢ Take medicine as prescribed
➢ Blow nose gently
➢ Sneeze and cough with mouth open for few weeks after surgery
➢ Avoid heavy lifting, straining and bending
➢ Popping and crackling sensation are normal for 3-5 weeks after
surgery
➢ Temporary hearing loss is normal in operative ear
➢ Change cotton ball in the ear as needed
➢ Avoid getting in water for 2 weeks after surgery