This study analyzed perinatal mortality trends at Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital from 2002-2007. It found that the perinatal mortality rate decreased from 30.7 in 2002-2003 to 19.1 in 2003-2005 but slightly increased to 25.5 in 2007. The main causes of perinatal deaths were prematurity (33.3%), intrapartum asphyxia (25%), and congenital anomalies (8.3%). Improving antenatal care, preventing preterm births, better monitoring during delivery, and intensive care for low birth weight infants could help reduce the perinatal mortality rate further.
Age Independent Anthropometry
Midarm Circumference (MAC)
Weight for Height
Quackstick
Midarm/Head Circumference ratio
Quetlet’s Index
Mid-upper Arm/Height Ratio
Body Mass Index (BMI)
Ponderal Index (PI)
Midarm Circumference (MAC)
Weight for Height
Quackstick
Midarm/Head Circumference ratio
Quetlet’s Index
Mid-upper Arm/Height Ratio
Body Mass Index (BMI)
Ponderal Index (PI)
Immunization for INDIAN Adolescents Dr. Jyoti Agarwal Dr. Sharda Jain Dr. J...Lifecare Centre
Vaccinations are among the greatest public health achievements of the 20th century
First recorded in 1890-95
Imminization is the action of making a person immune to infection, typically by inoculation
Immunization prevents disability & death from infectious diseases
It also helps control the spread of infections within communities
Pregnancy and viral hepatitis by dr alka mukherjee nagpur m.s. indiaalka mukherjee
Acute viral hepatitis is the most common cause of jaundice in pregnancy. The course of most viral infections is not affected by pregnancy.
Jaundice is a characteristic feature of liver disease. The clinical signs and symptoms are indistinguishable between the various forms of viral hepatitis, thus, the differential diagnosis requires serologic testing for a virus-specific diagnosis, [1, 2] and the diagnosis is by biochemical assessment of liver function.
The differential diagnosis includes other forms of viral hepatitis including mononucleosis and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infections, autoimmune disease, and widespread systemic infection with liver failure. Patients presenting with jaundice during pregnancy often require a workup to differentiate obstructive gall bladder or bile duct disease, severe preeclampsia, HELLP (hemolysis, elevated liver enzyme levels, low platelet count), or acute fatty liver of pregnancy from viral hepatitis.
The most useful tests to diagnose hepatitis include laboratory evaluation of urine bilirubin and urobilinogen, total and direct serum bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and/or aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), prothrombin time (PT), total protein, albumin, complete blood cell (CBC) count, and in severe cases, serum ammonia.
Newborn Care was written for healthcare workers providing special care for newborn infants in level 2 hospitals. It covers: An essential tool in the initial and ongoing training and teaching of any healthcare worker – Miriam Adhikari, South African Journal of Child Health, Primary Newborn Care was written specifically for nurses, midwives and doctors who provide primary care for newborn infants in level 1 clinics and hospitals. It covers: Mother and Baby Friendly Care describes gentler, kinder, evidence-based ways of caring for women during pregnancy, labour and delivery. It also presents improved methods of providing infant care with an emphasis on kangaroo mother care and exclusive breastfeeding. It covers: Saving Mothers and Babies was developed in response to the high maternal and perinatal mortality rates found in most developing countries. Learning material used in this book is based on the results of the annual confidential enquiries into maternal deaths and the Saving Mothers and Saving Babies reports published in South Africa. It addresses: the basic principles of mortality audit, maternal and perinatal mortality, managing mortality meetings, ways of reducing maternal and perinatal mortality rates, This book should be used together with the Perinatal Problem Identification Programme (PPIP).
Age Independent Anthropometry
Midarm Circumference (MAC)
Weight for Height
Quackstick
Midarm/Head Circumference ratio
Quetlet’s Index
Mid-upper Arm/Height Ratio
Body Mass Index (BMI)
Ponderal Index (PI)
Midarm Circumference (MAC)
Weight for Height
Quackstick
Midarm/Head Circumference ratio
Quetlet’s Index
Mid-upper Arm/Height Ratio
Body Mass Index (BMI)
Ponderal Index (PI)
Immunization for INDIAN Adolescents Dr. Jyoti Agarwal Dr. Sharda Jain Dr. J...Lifecare Centre
Vaccinations are among the greatest public health achievements of the 20th century
First recorded in 1890-95
Imminization is the action of making a person immune to infection, typically by inoculation
Immunization prevents disability & death from infectious diseases
It also helps control the spread of infections within communities
Pregnancy and viral hepatitis by dr alka mukherjee nagpur m.s. indiaalka mukherjee
Acute viral hepatitis is the most common cause of jaundice in pregnancy. The course of most viral infections is not affected by pregnancy.
Jaundice is a characteristic feature of liver disease. The clinical signs and symptoms are indistinguishable between the various forms of viral hepatitis, thus, the differential diagnosis requires serologic testing for a virus-specific diagnosis, [1, 2] and the diagnosis is by biochemical assessment of liver function.
The differential diagnosis includes other forms of viral hepatitis including mononucleosis and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infections, autoimmune disease, and widespread systemic infection with liver failure. Patients presenting with jaundice during pregnancy often require a workup to differentiate obstructive gall bladder or bile duct disease, severe preeclampsia, HELLP (hemolysis, elevated liver enzyme levels, low platelet count), or acute fatty liver of pregnancy from viral hepatitis.
The most useful tests to diagnose hepatitis include laboratory evaluation of urine bilirubin and urobilinogen, total and direct serum bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and/or aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), prothrombin time (PT), total protein, albumin, complete blood cell (CBC) count, and in severe cases, serum ammonia.
Newborn Care was written for healthcare workers providing special care for newborn infants in level 2 hospitals. It covers: An essential tool in the initial and ongoing training and teaching of any healthcare worker – Miriam Adhikari, South African Journal of Child Health, Primary Newborn Care was written specifically for nurses, midwives and doctors who provide primary care for newborn infants in level 1 clinics and hospitals. It covers: Mother and Baby Friendly Care describes gentler, kinder, evidence-based ways of caring for women during pregnancy, labour and delivery. It also presents improved methods of providing infant care with an emphasis on kangaroo mother care and exclusive breastfeeding. It covers: Saving Mothers and Babies was developed in response to the high maternal and perinatal mortality rates found in most developing countries. Learning material used in this book is based on the results of the annual confidential enquiries into maternal deaths and the Saving Mothers and Saving Babies reports published in South Africa. It addresses: the basic principles of mortality audit, maternal and perinatal mortality, managing mortality meetings, ways of reducing maternal and perinatal mortality rates, This book should be used together with the Perinatal Problem Identification Programme (PPIP).
Future Trends in Healthcare Industry in India by Dr.Mahboob Khan PhdHealthcare consultant
According to recent studies conducted, the customer's (patient) aspirations are fast changing. Customers are growing more aware of their health needs, demand quick response, less waiting times, and above all - demand nearness of the healthcare unit to them.
Customers though now demand better quality care; they however now do not want to travel much as in earlier days.
And if you notice, the billing and pricing though important, is not a very high priority now as insurance reach is getting stronger (to the tune of 40 per cent among patients visiting a urban hospital).
If this is the window to the future of healthcare, then it leaves immense opportunity for existing hospitals across the country to revamp and re-organise in order to woo back their immediate local drainage population as the competition would heat up soon. The patients would have a lot to choose from, now being insured.
As per various studies including a report by IDFC, and Mc Kinsey, Indian Healthcare industry will be worth $125 billion in the next five years.
Five Ways For Improving Hospital Revenue Cycle ManagementHealth Catalyst
Besides improving your information systems and educating your staff on the ins and outs of managing revenue, there are many more opportunities for improvement. Here are five suggestions to help health systems improve their revenue cycle management: 1. trend and benchmark your healthcare data; 2. use an enterprise data warehouse to mine your healthcare data; 3. constantly ask frontline staff for suggestions; 4. monitor all payer contracts; and 5. maintain convenient and caring touch points with patients.
TRENDS IN PEDIATRICS AND PEDIATRIC NURSING
Pediatric regarded as the medical science which enables an anticipated newborn to grow into a healthy adult, useful to the society
Hospital based study on perinatal mortality in RIMS,Manipuriosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
Abstract— Anemia in pregnancy is commonly considered as risk factor for poor pregnancy outcome and can threaten the maternal and fetal life also. So this present cases control study was carried at R. K. Joshi District Hospital Dausa (Rajasthan) India, with the aim to find out the effect of anemia in Antenatal period on pregnancy outcomes. For this study, 50 Antenatal Cases (ANCs) with anemia were selected as study group among ANCs attending for delivery in district hospital Dausa. For control group age and BMI matched 50 normal healthy ANCs without anemia were selected from the same area. ANCs with any other diseases were excluded from the study. It was found in this study that although proportion of ANCs with LSCS, PPH and Sepsis were higher in anemic ANCs but it was not found significant. Likewise IUGR, LBW babies, premature births and still births were more in anemic ANCs but it was found significant only in case of LBW babies. So it can be concluded that anemia in ANCs effect weight of newborn babies born by ANC with anemia.
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta was invited to deliver a lecture at BOGSCON (The Annual Conference of Bengal Obstetric and Gynaecological Society) held at Kolkata in December 2019
Estimation of Fetal Size and Weight using Various Formulasijtsrd
Birth weight is an important factor in delivery management. Antenatal ultrasound has turned out to be one of the clinicians most vital devices for surveying fetal age, growth and prosperity. Contrasted Physical examination of the pregnant uterus is the most precise strategy for evaluating fetal size and growth along with the utilization of ultrasound imaging and estimating of the different fetal parameters. Objective To evaluates the antenatal assessments of fetal weight in pregnancies by using Johnsons formula, Hadlocks formula and Ultrasonography. Comparison of these different methods with the actual birth weight of these babies after delivered. Material and methods Two hundred singleton term pregnancies within 48 hours were randomly selected to participate in this prospective cohort study. Variables included such as abdominal circumference, Biparietal diameter, and Femur length. Parameters to obtain estimated fetal weight Results The mean birth weight of Hadlock formula is closest to the mean of actual birth weight. In the study population, more primigravida delivered babies with very low birth weight and more multigravida delivered babies of birth weight 3500 gms. Johnsons and ultrasound Hadlocks formula had a marked tendency to overestimate the fetal weight. Error was within 350 Gms in 84.7 , 70.8 and 84 of cases by Dares, Johnsons and ultrasound Hadlocks formula. Dr. Pushpamala Ramaiah | Dr. Lamiaa Ahmed Elsayed | Dr. Grace Lindsey | Dr. Ayman Johargy ""Estimation of Fetal Size and Weight using Various Formulas"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23231.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/23231/estimation-of-fetal-size-and-weight-using-various-formulas/dr-pushpamala-ramaiah
Abstract— Cervical ripening is an essential factor for initiation of normal labour for vaginal delivery. Prior to onset of spontaneous labour the cervix undergoes a gradual process of ripening. But in certain cases it does not occur spontaneously at term and sometimes induction of labour is required. Then cervical ripening means high bishop score in essential for successful induction of labour. This comparative study was conducted at Bikaner to compare induction of labour by vaginal prostaglandin E1 tablet (tablet Misoprostol 25 µg 4 hourly) and Intra cervical Dinoprostone gel 0.5 mg. For this purpose 100 clients were given vaginal prostaglandin E1 tablet (tablet Misoprostol 25 µg 4 hourly) and 100 clients were given Intra cervical Dinoprostone gel 0.5 mg. It was observed in this study that Dinoprostone gel is more efficacious for cervical ripening and labour induction in cases of nulliparous & primiparous at term with unfavourable cervix with intact membranes, as compared to misoprostol in terms of shorter total duration of labour, shorter mean induction delivery interval, more spontaneous vaginal deliveries, and reduced incidence of LSCS as well as instrumental deliveries.
According to the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (FIGO), prolonged pregnancy is defined as any pregnancy that exceeds 42wks (294 days) from the first day of the LMP in a woman with regular 28-day cycles.
Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes and Neonatal and Maternal Outcomesremedypublications2
The management of Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes (PPROM) remains
controversial. PPROM may lead significant maternal and neonatal complications.
Methods: Retrospective data of PPROM cases managed in Suleymaniye Maternity Research and
Training Hospital between 2008 and 2012 were collected and analyzed using SPSS.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Pahrmaceutical Science. IJPSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
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The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
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New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
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STATEMENT OF NEED
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Perinatal Mortality Trend at KMC Teaching Hospital
1. PERINATAL MORTALITY TREND AT KATHMANDU MEDICAL COLLEGE TEACHING HOSPITAL Sheelendra Shakya 1 , D.S. Manandhar 1 , S. Padhey 2 1 Department of Pediatrics, 2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Kathmandu Medical College
2.
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7.
8. Distribution of perinatal deaths by weight Weight SB SB % ENND ENND % <1kg 1 6.7 0 0 1-<1.5kgs 3 20 3 33.3 1.5-<2.5kgs 3 20 4 44.4 >2.5kgs 6 40 2 22.2 Not mentioned 2 13.3 0 0 Total 15 100 9 100
9. Relationship of PMR with Birth Weight Weight Total PND PND % Total births PMR <1kg 1 4.2 1 1000 1-<1.5kgs 6 25 15 400 1.5-<2.5kgs 7 29.2 127 55.1 >2.5kgs 8 33.3 758 10.6 Not mentioned 2 8.3 2 Total 24 100 903 26.6
11. Distribution of perinatal deaths according to gestational age Gestational age SB ENND Total PND No. % No. % No. % <28 weeks 1 6.7 0 0 1 4.2 28 – 36 weeks 8 53.3 6 66.7 14 58.3 37 – 41 weeks 6 40 3 33.3 9 37.5 Total 15 100 9 100 24 100
12. Distribution of Stillbirth Sex No. % Male 6 40 Female 9 60 Total 15 100 Type No. % Fresh 6 40 Macerated 6 40 N/A 3 20 Total 15 100 40% 40% 20% Fresh Macerated N/A
13. CAUSE OF STILLBIRTH 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 No. of cases SB Unknown 66.7% PET 13.3% Congenital Anomalies 6.7% Intrapartum asphyxia 6.7% APH 6.7%
14. ENND by time of death 0% 33% 11% 56% <1 hr 1 – 24 hrs 24 – 72 hrs >72 hrs
15. PRIMARY CAUSE OF ENND 44.4% 22.2% 11.1% 11.1% 11.1% 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 Prematurity Birth Asphyxia Congenital Anomalies MAS Septicaemia No. of cases ENND
16. Comparison between the 3 studies Category Oct ‘02 to Sept ‘03 Nov ‘03 to Oct ‘05 Jan ‘07 to Dec ‘07 Total stillbirth rate per 1000 births 30.2 14.5 16.6 Total stillbirth rate (excluding <1kg) 18.1 13.4 15.5 Total ENND rate per 1000 live births 18.3 6.7 10 Total ENND rate (excluding <1kg) 12.9 6.1 10 PMR per 1000 births 30.7 19.1 25.5 Extended PMR per 1000 births 47.9 21.1 26.6 Caesarean section out of total births (in %) 26.4% 29.7% 29.9% Instrumental delivery out of total births (in %) 1.4% 4.2% 4.4% Total Deliveries 563 1517 903
18. Comparison of cause Wigglesworth’s classification(%) Oct ‘02 to Sept ‘03 Nov ‘03 to Oct ‘05 Jan ‘07 to Dec ‘07 Group I (normally formed macerated stillbirths) 18.5 43.8 25 Group II (SB or NND with congenital anomalies) 14.8 12.5 8.3 Group III (conditions associated with immaturity) 31.3 28.1 33.3 Group IV (asphyxial conditions developing in labour) 40.7 12.5 25 Group V (conditions specific to the neonate) 3.7 3.1 8.3