This document provides an overview of project-based learning (PBL) and challenge-based learning (CBL), including common misconceptions about these approaches and their benefits. It discusses key elements like driving questions, 21st century skills, assessments, managing projects, and using technology. Research shows that both teachers and students find PBL/CBL very effective and engaging, and it helps students learn skills aligned with 21st century needs. The document suggests flipping instruction to use class time for active learning and addresses concerns that sometimes prevent teachers from adopting these approaches.