This document differentiates between project-based learning (PBL) and problem-based learning (PrBL). PBL is student-driven and involves an extended inquiry process structured around complex questions and designed products. PrBL focuses on solving problem scenarios using theory, hypotheses, and observations. Both approaches are student-centered and involve higher-order thinking, but PrBL specifically uses problems to drive instruction and involves self-directed learning to solve ill-structured problems. The document provides examples of how each approach could be applied in a music classroom project.