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This document discusses Aristotle's six elements of tragedy according to his work Poetics. It provides details on each element: plot, which Aristotle called the "soul of tragedy"; characters, which must be lifelike and true to human nature; song, which was an important part of Greek drama; diction, or choice of words and metaphors; thought, shown through what characters say; and spectacle, the overall visual appearance and effects on stage. The document provides examples for each element and notes they contribute to the overall tragedy based on Aristotle's theories.
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This document discusses the theory of catharsis in literature. Catharsis is defined as an emotional discharge that leads to spiritual renewal or liberation from anxiety and stress. It is used in literature to cleanse characters of emotions. Two examples of catharsis in Shakespeare's works are discussed: Macbeth, where the audience pities the title character's downfall from ambition, and Romeo and Juliet, where Romeo's suicide elicits crying from the audience as they relate to the feeling of losing a loved one.
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SIX PARTS OF TRAJEDY
This document discusses Aristotle's six parts of tragedy according to his work Poetics. The six parts are plot, character, thought, diction, song or melody, and spectacles. Plot is considered the most important part as it is the soul of tragedy and refers to the harmonious arrangement of all incidents. Character focuses on the hero in tragedies. Thought proves particular points and teaches truth. Diction is the expression of meaning in words. Song or melody refers to the role of the chorus. Spectacles involve stage performance but should not create a sense of the monstrous.
Six parts of tragedy
This document summarizes Aristotle's six elements of tragedy: plot, character, thought, diction, song, and spectacle. It explains that plot is the most important element and soul of tragedy, involving events arranged in a complex manner. It describes Aristotle's views on each element and how they contribute to an effective tragedy, such as realistic characters and appropriate language. The document concludes that Aristotle's theory provides a framework for analyzing fine art.
Aristotle
1. Aristotle was an ancient Greek philosopher and scientist born in Stagira, Macedonia in 384 BC who studied under Plato and established his own school called the Lyceum.
2. Aristotle defines poetry as a form of art that seeks to imitate or represent life through character, emotion, action, or objects using rhythm, language, and harmony. The main types of poetry he identifies are epic, tragedy, comedy, and music.
3. In his analysis of tragedy, Aristotle identifies the six main elements as plot, character, thought, diction, melody, and spectacle, with plot being the most important element. He also discusses the dramatic unities of action, time, and place that were influential in
Six parts of tragedy
According to Aristotle, there are six essential parts that make up a tragedy: the plot, which is considered the soul of tragedy; characters, with the hero being most important; thought, which proves particular points and teaches truth; diction, or writing skill; song or melody, with the chorus integrated into the play; and spectacle, related to stage performance but should not create a sense of the monstrous.
Major Themes and analysis of Aristotle Poetics
Aristotle analyzed poetry and defined its key elements and functions. He argued that tragedy is the highest form of poetry. According to Aristotle, a good tragedy uses reversal and recognition to provoke catharsis, or purification, in the audience. It elicits feelings of pity and fear that result in a pleasurable release of emotions. Aristotle also emphasized the importance of plot and character development in tragedy, and defined its purpose as imitating life in a way that arouses catharsis.
Aristotle’s
The document provides an overview of Aristotle's Poetics, one of the earliest surviving works of dramatic theory from 330 BCE. It defines poetry as imitation and describes Aristotle's analysis of different genres of poetry including tragedy, comedy, and epic. Aristotle analyzed various elements of poetry including plot, character, thought, diction, music, and spectacle. He described the purposes of poetry and its cathartic effects. The Poetics also addressed the ideal structures for different types of poems and genres.
Six parts of tragedy
According to Aristotle, tragedy has six key elements: plot, character, thought, diction, song, and spectacle. Plot is the most important element, involving a change of fortune or reversal of intention and recognition. Character comes secondary to plot and the hero is most important. Thought involves proving or disproving points. Diction is the language and expression of characters' thoughts and feelings. Song refers to lyrical elements like choruses that distinguish tragedy from epics. Spectacle involves scenic effects but should not be the focus. Catharsis remains ambiguous but seems to mean purification or clarification of emotions like pity and fear.
Aristotle's Definition Of Tragedy
This document contains information about Parmar Krupa Jivabhai, a student submitting a paper to the Department of English in Bhavnagar. It then provides details about Aristotle, the Greek philosopher and scientist. It notes that Aristotle was born in 384 BCE in Stagirus and lost his father at a young age. At age 18, Aristotle joined Plato's Academy and studied there until age 37. The document goes on to discuss Aristotle's analysis of tragedy and its six elements - plot, character, thought, diction, melody, and spectacle. It provides examples and explanations of each of these elements.
Drama.pptx
Drama is a literary genre that is meant to be performed on stage. It uses dialogue between characters to tell a story with a beginning, middle, and end. The key elements of drama include the plot, which is the structured sequence of events; characters; dialogue; and setting. Drama serves important functions like entertainment, education, and social change. It originated from early ritual dances and ceremonies and further developed in Ancient Greece. Drama realistically portrays human experiences and situations through the imitation of actions.
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Aristotle's theory of imitation argues that imitation leads to truth and should be learned by all. In contrast to Plato, who viewed imitation as twice removed from reality, Aristotle saw imitation as a creative process that can uplift morality. Aristotle defined three ways of imitation: medium, which is the means of creation; object, such as whether tragedy depicts humans as better than reality; and manner, like whether narration is used.
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This document compares the theories of dramaturgy put forth by Aristotle in Western poetics and Bharata Muni in the ancient Indian text Natyashastra. Both were early proponents of drama in Greece and India respectively. Some key similarities and differences discussed include: Aristotle focused on tragedy, while Natyashastra is based on karma; Sanskrit plays have a Sutradhara character to begin, while Greek plays use a Chorus; both saw plot as important but Natyashastra viewed rasa as the soul of drama; and both classified characters but Natyashastra provided more detail on heroines and minor roles. The concepts of catharsis and rasa realization are also compared.
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Drama is a staged literary genre that is performed for an audience. It uses dialogue between characters to tell a story through their interactions, thoughts, and actions. The key elements of drama are plot, which is the sequence of events; characters; dialogue; and setting. Drama is designed to be performed for impact and entertainment, distinguishing it from other genres like prose and poetry. A good drama will have a beginning, middle, and end to its plot and develop its characters and themes over the course of the performance.
Aristotle's poetics
This document summarizes Aristotle's work "The Poetics" and its key ideas. It begins by providing background on the author and work. The main points then compare Aristotle and Plato's differing views on poetry and imitation. Key definitions from Aristotle are outlined, such as his definition of tragedy. Other major concepts from "The Poetics" are briefly explained, like catharsis, types of plots, characteristics, and the dramatic unities of time and place. The document concludes by acknowledging room for improvement in the summary but hopes it provided a high-level overview of Aristotle's influential work.
Presentation1
This document summarizes Aristotle's work "The Poetics" and its key ideas. It discusses how Aristotle's views on poetry and tragedy differed from his teacher Plato's, defining tragedy as "an imitation of an action, serious, complete and of a certain magnitude." It examines Aristotle's analysis of the six elements of tragedy - plot, character, thought, diction, song and spectacle. It also describes Aristotle's concepts of the ideal tragic hero and the dramatic unities of time, place and action. The document was prepared by Ashish Trivedi for a class at Bhavnagar University.
Aristotle's Poetics
Aristotle's Poetics provides the first systematic analysis of drama and poetry. In it, Aristotle defines tragedy, explores its effects, and analyzes its key elements like plot, character, thought, diction, song, and spectacle. He compares tragedy to epic poetry, addresses their differences, and argues that tragedy is a superior form. The Poetics outlines Aristotle's view of mimesis in art and establishes foundational concepts for literary criticism.
ARISTOTLE"S TRAGEDY BY BHAWNA BHARDWAJ
Aristotle defines tragedy as the imitation of a serious action that arouses pity and fear and effects a catharsis of such emotions. He maintains that tragedy should be a complete and coherent whole with serious consequences represented through elevated characters. The language and dramatic presentation incorporate incidents that arouse pity and fear in order to accomplish the cathartic effect on audiences.
Writing about PlaysPerhaps the earliest literary critic in the W
Writing about Plays
Perhaps the earliest literary critic in the Western tradition was Aristotle, who, in the fifth century B.C.E ., set about explaining the power of the genre of tragedy by identifying the six elements of drama and analyzing the contribution each of these elements makes to the functioning of a play as a whole. The elements Aristotle identified as common to all dramas were plot, characterization, theme, diction, melody, and spectacle. Some of these are the same as or very similar to the basic components of prose fiction and poetry, but others are either unique to drama or expressed differently in dramatic texts.
tragedy
A play in which the plot moves from relative stability to death or other serious sorrow for the protagonist . A traditional tragedy is written in a grand style and shows a hero of high social stature brought down by peripeteia or by events beyond his or her control.
elements of drama
The six features identified by Aristotle in Poetics as descriptive of and necessary to drama. They are, in order of the importance assigned to them by Aristotle, plot , characterization , theme ,diction , melody , and spectacle .
ELEMENTS OF DRAMA Plot, Character, and Theme
The words plot , character , and theme mean basically the same thing in drama as they do in fiction, though there is a difference in how they are presented. A story tells you about a series of events, whereas a play shows you these events happening in real time. The information that might be conveyed in descriptive passages in prose fiction must be conveyed in a play through dialogue (and to a lesser extent through stage directions and the set and character descriptions that sometimes occur at the start of a play). The “How to Read a Play” section later in this chapter gives suggestions and advice for understanding these special features of drama.
Dialogue
Words spoken by characters, often in the form of a conversation between two or more characters. In stories and other forms of prose, dialogue is commonly enclosed between quotation marks. Dialogue is an important element in characterization and plot : much of the characterization and action in Ernest Hemingway’s “Hills Like White Elephants” ( p. 176 ) is presented through its characters’ dialogue.
Stage directions
Written instructions in the script telling actors how to move on the stage or how to deliver a particular line. To facilitate the reading of scripts and to distinguish them from simple dialogue, stage directions are interspersed throughout the text, typically placed in parentheses and set in italics.
Set
The stage dressing for a play, consisting of backdrops, furniture, and similar large items.
Diction
When Aristotle speaks of diction , he means the specific words that a playwright chooses to put into the mouth of a character. In a well-written play, different characters will have different ways of speaking, and these will tell us a good deal about their character and personality. Does one character ...
Writing about PlaysPerhaps the earliest literary critic in the W.docx
Writing about Plays
Perhaps the earliest literary critic in the Western tradition was Aristotle, who, in the fifth century B.C.E ., set about explaining the power of the genre of tragedy by identifying the six elements of drama and analyzing the contribution each of these elements makes to the functioning of a play as a whole. The elements Aristotle identified as common to all dramas were plot, characterization, theme, diction, melody, and spectacle. Some of these are the same as or very similar to the basic components of prose fiction and poetry, but others are either unique to drama or expressed differently in dramatic texts.
tragedy
A play in which the plot moves from relative stability to death or other serious sorrow for the protagonist . A traditional tragedy is written in a grand style and shows a hero of high social stature brought down by peripeteia or by events beyond his or her control.
elements of drama
The six features identified by Aristotle in Poetics as descriptive of and necessary to drama. They are, in order of the importance assigned to them by Aristotle, plot , characterization , theme ,diction , melody , and spectacle .
ELEMENTS OF DRAMA Plot, Character, and Theme
The words plot , character , and theme mean basically the same thing in drama as they do in fiction, though there is a difference in how they are presented. A story tells you about a series of events, whereas a play shows you these events happening in real time. The information that might be conveyed in descriptive passages in prose fiction must be conveyed in a play through dialogue (and to a lesser extent through stage directions and the set and character descriptions that sometimes occur at the start of a play). The “How to Read a Play” section later in this chapter gives suggestions and advice for understanding these special features of drama.
Dialogue
Words spoken by characters, often in the form of a conversation between two or more characters. In stories and other forms of prose, dialogue is commonly enclosed between quotation marks. Dialogue is an important element in characterization and plot : much of the characterization and action in Ernest Hemingway’s “Hills Like White Elephants” ( p. 176 ) is presented through its characters’ dialogue.
Stage directions
Written instructions in the script telling actors how to move on the stage or how to deliver a particular line. To facilitate the reading of scripts and to distinguish them from simple dialogue, stage directions are interspersed throughout the text, typically placed in parentheses and set in italics.
Set
The stage dressing for a play, consisting of backdrops, furniture, and similar large items.
Diction
When Aristotle speaks of diction , he means the specific words that a playwright chooses to put into the mouth of a character. In a well-written play, different characters will have different ways of speaking, and these will tell us a good deal about their character and personality. Does one character ...
POETICS
Aristotle's Poetics is considered the earliest surviving work of dramatic theory. In it, Aristotle analyzes the components of drama and epic poetry, including plot, character, thought, diction, and other elements. He discusses the purposes of tragedy and comedy and defines important concepts like catharsis and reversal. While influential, Aristotle's analysis in Poetics has also received some criticism for being too categorical and scientific in its approach to the arts.
Peper 3 literary theory and criticism
This document discusses the six parts of tragedy according to Aristotle. It defines tragedy and outlines Aristotle's views on its key components: plot, character, thought, diction, spectacle, and melody. Plot is considered the soul of drama. Character is determined by qualities that reveal moral purpose and should come across as true to life. Diction refers to word choice and style. Melody includes music, rhythm and rhyme. Thought conveys themes and ideas. Spectacle provides visual demonstration and sensory effects. The document was submitted by Urvashi Chauhan for a class assignment.
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Writing about PlaysPerhaps the earliest literary critic in the W
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Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
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Paper-3 Presentation
- 1. Name:-Heerva Bhatt Course :-M.A. (sem.1) Paper no :-3 (Literary theory and criticism ) Topic :-Six parts of tragedy. Roll no. :-14 Batch :-2017-2019 Email Id :-heervabhatt96@gmail.com Submitted to :-Smt.S.B.Gardi Department of English, Bhavnagar.
- 3. Aristotle’s Poetics :- • Aristotle was disciple of Plato but he differs from Plato in many points. • He says that Poetry is an imitation of action twice removed from reality but it isn’t carbon copy of the physical thing.
- 4. Plot According to Aristotle, “Plot is the soul of Tragedy.” Aristotle defines, Plot is – “The Harmonious arrangement of the incidents.” Character Characters comes in as subsidiary to the action.Firest the characters must be life like.They must be true representatives of actual human nature. Secondly, they must be like the traditional or historical personages on whom they are modeled and whose name the bear. In comedy, many characters are important but in tragedy, the hero is important.
- 5. Song Aristotle says that the chorus should have importance like the actor. They should integrate into the play like an actor.It should have contribution to the plot of the play. It was a necessary part in Greek drama. Diction Diction is medium of language and expression. In modern sense it means, “choice of words.” Aristotle was particularly interested in metaphors.
- 6. Thought Aristotle says, “Thought, on the other hand, is shown in all they say when proving or disproving some particular point or enuciating some universal position. A play embodies the vision or the idea of the playwright. The Spectacle :- The Spectacle is the pleasure of tragedy. Spectacle is the overall visual appearance of the stage and the actor. “The preduction of spectacular effects depends more on the art of the stage machinist than on that of the port.”
- 7. Thank you