Aristotle's Poetics c. 335 BCE is the earliest surviving work of dramatic theory and the first extant philosophical treatise to focus on literary theory
Aristotle's Poetics (Greek: Περὶ ποιητικῆς, Latin: De Poetica;[1] c. 335 BCE[2]) is the earliest surviving work of dramatic theory and the first extant philosophical treatise to focus on literary theory.[3]
In it, Aristotle offers an account of what he calls "poetry" (a term which in Greek literally means "making" and in this context includes drama—comedy, tragedy, and the satyr play—as well as lyric poetry and epic poetry).
Aristotle's Poetics c. 335 BCE is the earliest surviving work of dramatic theory and the first extant philosophical treatise to focus on literary theory
Aristotle's Poetics (Greek: Περὶ ποιητικῆς, Latin: De Poetica;[1] c. 335 BCE[2]) is the earliest surviving work of dramatic theory and the first extant philosophical treatise to focus on literary theory.[3]
In it, Aristotle offers an account of what he calls "poetry" (a term which in Greek literally means "making" and in this context includes drama—comedy, tragedy, and the satyr play—as well as lyric poetry and epic poetry).
On the Sublime (Greek: Περì Ὕψους Perì Hýpsous; Latin: De sublimitate) is a Roman-era Greek work of literary criticism dated to the 1st century AD. Its author is unknown, but is conventionally referred to as Longinus (/lɒnˈdʒaɪnəs/; Ancient Greek: Λογγῖνος Longĩnos) or Pseudo-Longinus. It is regarded as a classic work on aesthetics and the effects of good writing. The treatise highlights examples of good and bad writing from the previous millennium, focusing particularly on what may lead to the sublime.
An Apology for Poetry[7] (also known as A Defence of Poesie and The Defence of Poetry) – Sidney wrote the Defence before 1583. It is generally believed that he was at least partly motivated by Stephen Gosson, a former playwright who dedicated his attack on the English stage, The School of Abuse, to Sidney in 1579, but Sidney primarily addresses more general objections to poetry, such as those of Plato. In his essay, Sidney integrates a number of classical and Italian precepts on fiction. The essence of his defence is that poetry, by combining the liveliness of history with the ethical focus of philosophy, is more effective than either history or philosophy in rousing its readers to virtue. The work also offers important comments on Edmund Spenser and the Elizabethan stage. from wikipidea
Willing suspension of disbelief by samuel taylor coleridgeDayamani Surya
Willing suspension of disbelief is a term coined by Samuel Taylor Coleridge. It would mean suspend one's critical faculties and believe the unbelievable; sacrifice of realism and logic for the sake of judgement.
Here is my Presentation as a part of my Academic activities of Sem-1 M.A . Submitted to Pro.Dr Dilip Barad , Department of English MK Bhavnagar University.
This is my presentation for my MA English class. You are free to modify, share, redistribute and add to it in any way you like.
*I do not own the images used in the presentation. They are the property of their respective owners.
Difference from Plato's Concept of Imitation, New Dimensions, Poetry linked with Music, Medium of Poetic Imitation, Object of Imitation, Manner of Imitation, Artistic Imitation: A Process of Ordering and Arranging
Literary Criticism - Essay on Dramatic PoesyRohitVyas25
John Dryden has given good criticism for dramatic poesy. Here in this presentation, I've put introduction of the original essay and Dryden's definition of play.
Tragic Plot-Its constituent parts, Importance of plot, Poet as a maker of plot not story, The construction of plot, the magnitude of plot, organic unity of plot, Fatal and fortunate plots, peripety and anagnorisis, complication and denouement, Freytag pyramid, Aristortle's concern, Dramatic unities
Poetry, he wrote in the Preface, originates from ‘the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings’ which is filtered through ‘emotion recollected in tranquillity’.
On the Sublime (Greek: Περì Ὕψους Perì Hýpsous; Latin: De sublimitate) is a Roman-era Greek work of literary criticism dated to the 1st century AD. Its author is unknown, but is conventionally referred to as Longinus (/lɒnˈdʒaɪnəs/; Ancient Greek: Λογγῖνος Longĩnos) or Pseudo-Longinus. It is regarded as a classic work on aesthetics and the effects of good writing. The treatise highlights examples of good and bad writing from the previous millennium, focusing particularly on what may lead to the sublime.
An Apology for Poetry[7] (also known as A Defence of Poesie and The Defence of Poetry) – Sidney wrote the Defence before 1583. It is generally believed that he was at least partly motivated by Stephen Gosson, a former playwright who dedicated his attack on the English stage, The School of Abuse, to Sidney in 1579, but Sidney primarily addresses more general objections to poetry, such as those of Plato. In his essay, Sidney integrates a number of classical and Italian precepts on fiction. The essence of his defence is that poetry, by combining the liveliness of history with the ethical focus of philosophy, is more effective than either history or philosophy in rousing its readers to virtue. The work also offers important comments on Edmund Spenser and the Elizabethan stage. from wikipidea
Willing suspension of disbelief by samuel taylor coleridgeDayamani Surya
Willing suspension of disbelief is a term coined by Samuel Taylor Coleridge. It would mean suspend one's critical faculties and believe the unbelievable; sacrifice of realism and logic for the sake of judgement.
Here is my Presentation as a part of my Academic activities of Sem-1 M.A . Submitted to Pro.Dr Dilip Barad , Department of English MK Bhavnagar University.
This is my presentation for my MA English class. You are free to modify, share, redistribute and add to it in any way you like.
*I do not own the images used in the presentation. They are the property of their respective owners.
Difference from Plato's Concept of Imitation, New Dimensions, Poetry linked with Music, Medium of Poetic Imitation, Object of Imitation, Manner of Imitation, Artistic Imitation: A Process of Ordering and Arranging
Literary Criticism - Essay on Dramatic PoesyRohitVyas25
John Dryden has given good criticism for dramatic poesy. Here in this presentation, I've put introduction of the original essay and Dryden's definition of play.
Tragic Plot-Its constituent parts, Importance of plot, Poet as a maker of plot not story, The construction of plot, the magnitude of plot, organic unity of plot, Fatal and fortunate plots, peripety and anagnorisis, complication and denouement, Freytag pyramid, Aristortle's concern, Dramatic unities
Poetry, he wrote in the Preface, originates from ‘the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings’ which is filtered through ‘emotion recollected in tranquillity’.
Second presentation during the academic year 2014-2015. Based on Aristotle's Politics translated by Benjamin Jowett in 1905. Done for my political science class at Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya (Untag Surabaya).
My Presentations on Overview of Culture and Anarchy written by Mathew Arnold.Culture and anarchy is a notorious philosophical work written by the celebrated Victorian poet and critic Mathew Arnold. This essay was first published in ‘Cornhill Magazine’ during 1867’-68.
This presentation introduces students to the classical definition of tragedy. After the presentation--and after reading Macbeth--the students prepare a debate on whether Macbeth is really a tragedy by the classical definition.
This presentation introduces students to the classical definition of tragedy. After the presentation--and after reading Macbeth--the students prepare a debate on whether Macbeth is really a tragedy by the classical definition.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
1. Aristotle’s ‘The Poetics’ Prepared by: AshishTrivedi Edited by : Sahdevbhai Mori and : Vijay Mangukiya. Submitted to Department of English, Bhavnagar University, Bhavnagar.
3. Let’s see about Aristotles’s “The Poetics” The poetics is a short treatise of twenty-six chapters. Aristotle was the great disciple of Plato but his views are some what different than his master regarding poetry and ‘the poetics’ is a kind of covert reply to his great master. ‘The Poetics’ is a systematic exposition of the theory and practice of poetry.
4. Differences between Aristotle and Plato Plato considered imitation merely as mimicry or a servile copy of nature. Plato compared poetry to painting. Aristotle interpreted it as a creative process. Aristotle compared it to music.
5. Differences between Aristotle and Plato Poetry presents a copy of nature as it is. Poetry is twice removed from reality and it’s a ‘shadow of shadows’. Plato takes up the cudgel on behalf of philosophy and shows that philosophy is superior than poetry. Poetry may imitate men as they are, or better and worse. Poetry gives us idealized version of reality. He takes up the cudgels on behalf of poetry and effectively brings out its superiority.
6. Definition of Tragedy “Tragedy is an imitation of an action, Serious, complete and of a certain magnitude in a language beautified in different parts with different kinds of embellishment, through action and not narration, and through scenes of pity and fear bringing about the ‘Catharsis’ of these emotions”
7. How can we differentiate the tragedy from other poetic forms?
11. Unity of Action:(Probability and Necessity) Aristotle emphasizes Unity of Action ; he is against plurality of action as it weakens the final effect of Tragedy.
12. Imitation of an action, serious, complete and of a certain magnitude……. It must be long enough to permit an orderly development of action to a catastrophe. Too short an action cannot be regarded as proper and beautiful, for its different parts will not be clearly visible, as in the case of a very small living creature. It must be an ‘organic’ whole.
13. And another important word is embellishment:- Aristotle means verse and song. Verse and song beautify and decorate and give pleasure, but Aristotle does not regard them as essential or indispensable for the success of a tragedy.
14. About Catharsis:- #In the Poetics, while defining tragedy, Aristotle writes that the function of tragedy is to arouse the emotions of pity and fear, and in this way to affect the Katharsis of these emotion. #Further the Greek word Katharsis has three meanings:- Purgation purification clarification All agree that Tragedy arouses fear and pity, but there are sharp differences as to the process, the way, by which the rousing of these emotions gives pleasure.
15. Having examined the definition, nature and function of ‘Tragedy, Aristotle comes to its formative parts. Six formative elements of a tragedy Song Plot Spectacle Character Diction Thought
16. Two kinds of Plots: simple and complex Simple: Plot is simple when the change in the fortunes of the hero takes place without peripety and discovery. Complex: The plot is complex when it involves one or the other or both. The Peripety is the change in the fortunes of the hero and the Discovery is a change from ignorance to knowledge. Aristotle prefers complex plot, for it startles and captures attention.
17. Complex plots are those which have Peripety and Anagnorisis or Discovery or Recognition Peripeteia : Peripeteia means that human actions produce results exactly opposite to what was intended: it is working in blindness to one’s own defeat. It is a false step taken in the dark.(e.g., Macbeth) Anagnorisis: Anagnorisis or recognition is the realization of truth, the opening of the eyes, the sudden lightning-flash in the darkness.
18. Characterization:- “A man who is not eminently good and just yet whose misfortune is not brought by vice or depravity but by some error of frailty”.
20. The Ideal Tragic Hero:- Suffering, not because of some deliberate villainy but because of some error of judgment.
21. “Hamartia” Ignorance Hasty or careless view Decision taken voluntarily Othello Oedipus Hamlet It may be accompanied by normal imperfection, but it is not itself a moral imperfection, and in the purest tragic situation the suffering hero is not morally to blame.
22. The Dramatic Unities Unity of Time #Comparing the Epic and the Tragedy:- “Tragedy tries as far as possible, to live within a single revolution of the sun, or only slightly to exceed it, whereas the epic observes no limits in its time of action”. About the Unity of Time he merely says in the Poetics that tragedy should confine itself, “as far as possible”, to a single revolution of the sun.
23. Unity of Place Aristotle only mention when comparing the epic and the tragedy, that the epic can narrate a number of actions going on simultaneously in different parts, while in drama such simultaneous actions cannot be represented, for the stage is one part and not several parts, or places.
24. Unity of Action We have already discussed about the unity of action so there is no need to repeat it but I would like to say that just don’t think only but put your thoughts into action – not said by Aristotle but it’s a thought of the day.
25. My first PowerPoint Presentation This is my first PowerPoint Presentation. I know that there are lots of mistakes but I prepared it within a short time . But I assure you that I will make it better and at last thank you very much for watching and listening my presentation and me both. Yours, AshishTrivedi. Yours, AshishTrivedi
