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The Spread of Christianity and
Rise of Eastern Europe
Through Missionaries, the Byzantines Spread Christianity to
the Balkans and Russia (Eastern Europe)
Cyril and Methodius
Missionaries
sent by
Byzantines
to convert
people of
eastern
Europe
Byzantine
missionaries
allowed
local
languages to
be used in
church
(unlike
Catholics)
So, as
Christianity
spread, so
did literacy
and
literature
Created a
written
language for
the Slavs
derived
from Greek
(called
Cyrillic)
Competing Catholic
missionaries already sent to
convert eastern Europe
Catholic successful at
converting the western half
of eastern Europe
Bohemia
(now Czech Republic)
Hungary
Poland
Below are 3 major areas
Catholics converted in the
western half of eastern Europe
Jews Settle in Eastern
Europe as Minority Group
Jews being
discriminated
against
harshly in
western
Europe and
Middle East
Jews stressed education to their boys
(as other societies weren’t) which
would prove valuable
Many settle
in eastern
Europe
(especially
Poland)
though still
discriminated
(ex: barred
from
agriculture)
Russia Starts in Kiev
Byzantines traded a
lot with Scandinavia
and traveled through
what is now Russia
to trade
Kiev = trade city in
south Russian
(formed by
Scandinavians/
Vikings) that grew
b/c it was along
trade route
The Russian People
Slavs from eastern Europe move into area that
is now Russia and mix with the people already
there to start the foundation of Russian
society
Religiously, the Slavs were animists and had
different gods for sun, thunder, wind, and fire
Kievan Rus’
• Formed in 855
by the Prince
Rurik
• Kingdom
based out of
Kiev
• Kievan Rus’
formed the
basis for later
Russia
• Formed in 855
by the Prince
Rurik
• Kingdom
based out of
Kiev
• Kievan Rus’
formed the
basis for later
Russia
Kievan Rus’
• Kievan Rus’
trade with
Byzantine
continues to
increase
• Many Russians
visited
Constantinople
• As a result,
many Slavs (the
ethnic group of
Kiev) learned
about
• Kievan Rus’
trade with
Byzantine
continues to
increase
• Many Russians
visited
Constantinople
• As a result,
many Slavs (the
ethnic group of
Kiev) learned
about
Many fell in love with
splendor of Orthodox
Church
Many fell in love with
splendor of Orthodox
Church
Vladimir I didn’t like Islam
(not allowed alcohol)
Vladimir I didn’t like Islam
(not allowed alcohol)
Vladimir I didn’t like
Catholicism (Pope too
much influence)
Vladimir I didn’t like
Catholicism (Pope too
much influence)
Forced people to convert
that were unwilling
Forced people to convert
that were unwilling
Converted Kiev to
Christianity
Converted Kiev to
Christianity
Ruled Kiev from 980 -
1015
Ruled Kiev from 980 -
1015
Russian Orthodox – New
form of Christianity (similar
to Orthodox religion of
Byzantines
Russian Orthodox – New
form of Christianity (similar
to Orthodox religion of
Byzantines
Like in Byzantine Empire,
king was in control of
church
Like in Byzantine Empire,
king was in control of
church
Byzantine Church leaders
brought into Kiev to train
Russian priests
Byzantine Church leaders
brought into Kiev to train
Russian priests
Rurik
Kievan Rus’ originally just
city of Kiev, but when Kiev
expanded becomes Kievan
Rus’
Kievan Rus’ originally just
city of Kiev, but when Kiev
expanded becomes Kievan
Rus’
Kievan Rus’ started by
Rurik, but expands greatly
under his successors
Kievan Rus’ started by
Rurik, but expands greatly
under his successors
Kievan Rus’ had formal
code of law like the
Byzantines
Kievan Rus’ had formal
code of law like the
Byzantines
Yaroslav the Wise
• Last great Kievan
prince
• Made legal code
• Built many
Churches
• Had religious text
translated from
Greek to Slavic
Culture in Kievan Rus’
Similar to Byzantine culture
• Large religious ceremonies
• Idea that ruler had great power
• Churches fancily decorated (ornate)
• Used icons and incense
• Polygamy replaced by monogamy
Russian (Kievan) Literature
Used Cyrillic alphabet,
and often wrote about
religious and royal
events
Through literature we
know they saw disasters
as punishment from
God, and success as a
reward
The Boyars
Boyars =
Russian aristocrats
Less political power
than aristocrats in
western Europe
The End of Kiev
Kiev declines in the 1100s for several reasons
• Royal families fight over succession
• Asian invaders begin taking territory
• Lost trade with Byzantines b/c that empire fading
• Rival princes broke away and formed own kingdoms
TATAR KIEV!TATAR KIEV!
Tatar = Russian
term for
Mongol
invaders
Tatar = Russian
term for
Mongol
invaders
Mongols
invaded and
capture Russia
(Kievan Rus’) by
1241
Mongols
invaded and
capture Russia
(Kievan Rus’) by
1241
This ended the
first chapter in
Russian history
as Mongols
ruled for next
200 years
This ended the
first chapter in
Russian history
as Mongols
ruled for next
200 years
Tatars allowed
Christianity to
survive,
Tatars allowed
Christianity to
survive,
When Tatars
lost Russia in
1400s, enough
Russian culture
survived and
Russia
reemerged
When Tatars
lost Russia in
1400s, enough
Russian culture
survived and
Russia
reemerged
Under Mongol
(Tatar) rule,
Russia further
separated from
western Europe
Under Mongol
(Tatar) rule,
Russia further
separated from
western Europe
From Rome to Byzantium to Russia
As the Byzantine Empire fell in 1453, Russia
was reemerging from Mongol rule, and took
the mantle from the Byzantines as the
leaders of eastern Europe, but by then
western Europe had surpassed the east

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P pt 4 of 4 christianity spreads to eastern europe

  • 1. The Spread of Christianity and Rise of Eastern Europe
  • 2. Through Missionaries, the Byzantines Spread Christianity to the Balkans and Russia (Eastern Europe)
  • 3. Cyril and Methodius Missionaries sent by Byzantines to convert people of eastern Europe Byzantine missionaries allowed local languages to be used in church (unlike Catholics) So, as Christianity spread, so did literacy and literature Created a written language for the Slavs derived from Greek (called Cyrillic)
  • 4. Competing Catholic missionaries already sent to convert eastern Europe Catholic successful at converting the western half of eastern Europe Bohemia (now Czech Republic) Hungary Poland Below are 3 major areas Catholics converted in the western half of eastern Europe
  • 5. Jews Settle in Eastern Europe as Minority Group Jews being discriminated against harshly in western Europe and Middle East Jews stressed education to their boys (as other societies weren’t) which would prove valuable Many settle in eastern Europe (especially Poland) though still discriminated (ex: barred from agriculture)
  • 6. Russia Starts in Kiev Byzantines traded a lot with Scandinavia and traveled through what is now Russia to trade Kiev = trade city in south Russian (formed by Scandinavians/ Vikings) that grew b/c it was along trade route
  • 7. The Russian People Slavs from eastern Europe move into area that is now Russia and mix with the people already there to start the foundation of Russian society Religiously, the Slavs were animists and had different gods for sun, thunder, wind, and fire
  • 8. Kievan Rus’ • Formed in 855 by the Prince Rurik • Kingdom based out of Kiev • Kievan Rus’ formed the basis for later Russia • Formed in 855 by the Prince Rurik • Kingdom based out of Kiev • Kievan Rus’ formed the basis for later Russia
  • 9. Kievan Rus’ • Kievan Rus’ trade with Byzantine continues to increase • Many Russians visited Constantinople • As a result, many Slavs (the ethnic group of Kiev) learned about • Kievan Rus’ trade with Byzantine continues to increase • Many Russians visited Constantinople • As a result, many Slavs (the ethnic group of Kiev) learned about
  • 10. Many fell in love with splendor of Orthodox Church Many fell in love with splendor of Orthodox Church Vladimir I didn’t like Islam (not allowed alcohol) Vladimir I didn’t like Islam (not allowed alcohol) Vladimir I didn’t like Catholicism (Pope too much influence) Vladimir I didn’t like Catholicism (Pope too much influence) Forced people to convert that were unwilling Forced people to convert that were unwilling Converted Kiev to Christianity Converted Kiev to Christianity Ruled Kiev from 980 - 1015 Ruled Kiev from 980 - 1015 Russian Orthodox – New form of Christianity (similar to Orthodox religion of Byzantines Russian Orthodox – New form of Christianity (similar to Orthodox religion of Byzantines Like in Byzantine Empire, king was in control of church Like in Byzantine Empire, king was in control of church Byzantine Church leaders brought into Kiev to train Russian priests Byzantine Church leaders brought into Kiev to train Russian priests Rurik
  • 11. Kievan Rus’ originally just city of Kiev, but when Kiev expanded becomes Kievan Rus’ Kievan Rus’ originally just city of Kiev, but when Kiev expanded becomes Kievan Rus’ Kievan Rus’ started by Rurik, but expands greatly under his successors Kievan Rus’ started by Rurik, but expands greatly under his successors Kievan Rus’ had formal code of law like the Byzantines Kievan Rus’ had formal code of law like the Byzantines
  • 12. Yaroslav the Wise • Last great Kievan prince • Made legal code • Built many Churches • Had religious text translated from Greek to Slavic
  • 13. Culture in Kievan Rus’ Similar to Byzantine culture • Large religious ceremonies • Idea that ruler had great power • Churches fancily decorated (ornate) • Used icons and incense • Polygamy replaced by monogamy
  • 14. Russian (Kievan) Literature Used Cyrillic alphabet, and often wrote about religious and royal events Through literature we know they saw disasters as punishment from God, and success as a reward
  • 15. The Boyars Boyars = Russian aristocrats Less political power than aristocrats in western Europe
  • 16. The End of Kiev Kiev declines in the 1100s for several reasons • Royal families fight over succession • Asian invaders begin taking territory • Lost trade with Byzantines b/c that empire fading • Rival princes broke away and formed own kingdoms
  • 17. TATAR KIEV!TATAR KIEV! Tatar = Russian term for Mongol invaders Tatar = Russian term for Mongol invaders Mongols invaded and capture Russia (Kievan Rus’) by 1241 Mongols invaded and capture Russia (Kievan Rus’) by 1241 This ended the first chapter in Russian history as Mongols ruled for next 200 years This ended the first chapter in Russian history as Mongols ruled for next 200 years Tatars allowed Christianity to survive, Tatars allowed Christianity to survive, When Tatars lost Russia in 1400s, enough Russian culture survived and Russia reemerged When Tatars lost Russia in 1400s, enough Russian culture survived and Russia reemerged Under Mongol (Tatar) rule, Russia further separated from western Europe Under Mongol (Tatar) rule, Russia further separated from western Europe
  • 18. From Rome to Byzantium to Russia As the Byzantine Empire fell in 1453, Russia was reemerging from Mongol rule, and took the mantle from the Byzantines as the leaders of eastern Europe, but by then western Europe had surpassed the east