This document discusses hazard identification, risk assessment, and determining controls. It provides definitions of hazards and risk. It explains that hazard identification and risk assessment should involve identifying hazards, assessing risks, determining controls, implementing controls, and managing change. The document outlines a methodology for teams to identify hazards in their work areas by observing work conditions and tasks and using a risk matrix to rate risks and identify existing and needed controls. The overall aim is to provide a systematic approach to evaluating workplace hazards and risks.

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Hazard Identification,
Risk Assessment and
Determining Controls

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 Purpose
 What is Hazard and Risk ?
 Definitions
 Understanding Requirements - OHSAS
 Rating system –HIRA
 HIRA & DC
 Group Task
 Presentation by each Group
 Discussions
Topics

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Purpose
To provide a systematic and objective approach to assessing hazards
and their associated risks that will provide an objective measure
of an identified hazard as well as determine a method to control
the risk.
It is one of the important requirement under the
Occupational Health and Safety Management
System – OHSAS 18001 for the organization to
prevent injury, ill-health and to provide a safe
workplaces to their employees and other related
person

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What is a Hazard?
• A hazard is any source having potential to damage, harm or
adverse health effects on something or someone under certain
conditions at work.
• a hazard can cause harm or adverse effects (to individuals as
health effects or property or equipment losses)
Source Example of Hazard
Example of Harm
Caused
Object Knife Cut
Substance Benzene Leukemia
Material Asbestos Mesothelioma
Source of Energy Electricity Shock, electrocution
Condition Wet floor Slips, falls
Process Welding Metal fume fever
Practice / Task Hard rock mining Silicosis

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What is Risk?
• Risk is something that we as individuals live with on a day-to-day
basis.
• Simple decision in daily life such as driving, crossing the road
and money investment all imply an acceptance of risk.
• People are constantly making decisions based on risk.
• Risk is the combination of the likelihood and severity of a
specified hazardous event occurring. In mathematical term, risk
can be calculated by the equation –
Risk = Likelihood x Severity, where
 Likelihood is an event likely to occur within the specific period
or in specified circumstances and,
 Severity is outcome from an event such as severity of injury or
health of people, or damage to property, or insult to
environment, or any combination of those caused by the event.

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Question ?
Will exposure to hazards in the workplace always cause
injury, illness or other adverse health effects?
Not necessarily.
To answer this question, you need to know:
 what hazards are present,
 how a person is exposed (route of exposure, as well
as how often and how much exposure occurred),
 what kind of effect could result from the specific
exposure a person experienced,
 the risk (or likelihood) that exposure to a hazardous
thing or condition would cause an injury, or disease
or some incidence causing damage, and
 how severe would the damage, injury or harm
(adverse health effect) be from the exposure.

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Cow Boy with all control measures

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How to do Hazard identification & Risk assessment?
 Hazard identification and Risk assessment should take account of
the following:
o hazards & associated risks
o Existing controls
o management of change
o documentation
o on-going review
 Assessments should be done by a competent team of individuals
who have a good working knowledge of the workplace.
 Staff should be involved always include supervisors and workers
who work with the process under review as they are the most
familiar with the operation.

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Develop Methodology
Identification of Hazards
Risk Assessment
Determination
of controls
Implementation of Controls
Management
of Change
Risk Assessment Process

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Gravity - The force caused by the
attraction of all other masses to the mass
of the earth.
Examples: falling object, collapsing roof,
and a body tripping or falling
Source of Energy & Hazard
Motion - The change in position of objects or
substances.
Examples: vehicle, vessel or equipment
movement; flowing water; wind; and body
positioning: lifting, straining, or bending

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ELIMINATION
SUBSTITUTION
ENGINEERING
ADMINISTRATIVE
PPE
Increasing
Participation and
supervision needed
Increasing
Effectiveness and
Sustainability
HIRA & Determining Controls
Types of Control measures

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 Core team shall divide themselves in different groups / teams
 Identify the responsible areas for HIRA
 Respective teams must visit the identified areas
• List down the sources of hazards & activities in that areas
• List down the List down the hazardous tasks in that area
• List down the people having access to that area
• Observe behavior of the people working in that area
• Note down hazardous situation and acts
• List down the probable hazardous outcome based on your
observation
 Use the HIRA matrix format to note your observations
 Define existing controls to mitigate impacts
 Rate “Severity” & “Likelihood”, define controls for high risk
 Review periodically HIRA matrices (Cross Functional)
Simple step for effective Hazard identification

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