Identification of hazard industry and risk assessment

3. Content
1. What is Hazard
2. Example Of Hazard
3. Exposure
4. Sources of Hazard
5. A Hazard identification
6. Definition of Hazard
7. Requirements of Hazard
8. Hazard Coordinate
9. Analyzing Hazards
10. What is Risk
11. Risk Management
12. HIRA
13. Systematic Processes
14. Procedure
15. Protection
16. End

4. • A hazard is any source of potential
damage, harm or adverse effects on
something or someone under
certain conditions.

5. Example of Hazard
Examples of hazards include
 Tools
 Equipment
 Machinery
 Materials
 Environment
 People/actions
 System flaws
A hazard only describes the initial conditions for accidents in the jobsite
 It takes hazards and exposure before an accident can occur

6. Exposure
Exposure is when you are at risk from a
hazard.
Three forms of exposure
Physical exposure
-Your proximity to a danger zone
Environmental exposure
-Regardless of distance from the
source
Potential exposure
-The possibility that you could be
exposed

7. Sources of Hazards
 Gravity
 Motion
 Mechanical
 Electrical
 Biological
 Pressure
 Temperature
 Chemical
 Radiation
 Sound

8. Gravity
Gravity is the force of attraction by which universal bodies
fall toward the center of the earth.
 Throwing a ball up in the air
 Jumping rope
 Tripping or falling

9. Motion
Motion is the action or process of moving or
changing place or position; movement.
 Car moving on a road
 Flowing water
 Lifting or bending

10. Mechanical
Mechanical energy is the energy of an object due to its
motion or position.
 Conveyer belt
 Grinder
 Ferris wheel
 Drill

11. Electrical
Electrical energy is the presence and
flow of an electric charge.
 Transformers
 Static electricity
 Wiring
 Lightning

12. Biological
Biological energy is the energy
transactions in living organisms.
 Bacteria
 Viruses
 Animals
 Contamination

13. Pressure
Pressure is the continuous physical force exerted
on or against an object by something in contact
with it.
 Compressed cylinders
 Hoses
 Hydraulic equipment

14. Chemical
Chemical energy is when a substance undergoes
a change through a chemical reaction.
 Burning coal
 Car running off gas
 Natural gas as heat
source
 Corrosives

15. Sharp Objects
Are there sharp objects which could cut or
pierce the body?
 Glass
 Knife blades
 Sheet metal
 Nail guns
 Needles
 Splinters (wood)
 Burrs (metal)

16. Temperature Extremes
 Temperature is the degree of heat or cold of a body,
substance or medium.
 Are there hot or cold surfaces which could burn or freeze
employees?
 Welded parts
 Cryogenic materials
 Autoclaves
 Ovens/stoves
 Molten metals
 Fire
 Nitrogen
 Steam
 Sun

17. Light Radiation
 Radiation is the particles or electromagnetic waves (energy)
emitted by the atoms of radioactive sources and naturally
occurring radioactive materials (NORM).
 Is there light radiation which could be harmful to the skin
or eyes?
 Welding and cutting
 Welding arcs
 Lasers
 Microwaves
 X-rays

18. Flying Debris
 Will employee be operating, or be exposed to,
tools/equipment which may generate flying debris?
 Hammering
 Sawing
 Chipping
 Grinding
 Drilling
 Buffing

19. Excessive Noise / Sound
 Will employee be operating, or be exposed to, tools/equipment which may generate
excessive noise?
 Sound is physical waves travelling through a medium (air or water) that cause a
vibration to impact your eardrum.
 Jack-hammering
 Woodworking machinery
 Metalworking machinery
 Operating heavy equipment
 High pressure release
 Whisper

20. Workplace Layout
 Does the layout of the workplace create a potential
hazard?
 Fall hazards exceeding 4 feet.
 Low clearances
 Confined spaces

21. Fire/Explosion Hazards
 Is there the potential for a fire or
explosion?

22. A Hazard identification
A hazard assessment is an evaluation of a work place, or
work situation, as to the potential for hazards that an
employee may encounter while performing the job.
Definition of Hazard

23. Identifying
Hazards Hazard identification is the systematic
observation of unsafe conditions, negative
behaviors and weaknesses within the
management structure that could lead to injuries
and illnesses in the jobsite.

24. Employers are required (by OSHA) to certify in writing that
they have assessed the work place to determine if hazards that
require personal protective equipment (PPE) are present or
likely.
Requirements of Hazard

25. Hazard Coordinate
Each department is required to appoint a
coordinator to accomplish the task of performing
a hazard assessment and overseeing that
personal protective equipment is appropriate for
the hazard and is being used accordingly

26. Analyzing Hazards
Determine the nature of the
hazard
Processes may include
Safety inspections
and audits
Observations
Pre-job reviews
Incident and

27.  A risk is the chance or probability that you will be harmed or injured if
exposed to a hazard.
 Factors that influence the degree of risk
 How much a worker is exposed to a hazardous condition
 How the worker is exposed
 How severe are the effects under the conditions of exposure
involved in all work related operations
 Requires decisions that include risk assessment and
management

28. Risk Management
Risk management is a proactive means to eliminate or lessen the threat
of hazards.
You manage risk whenever you modify the way you do something to
minimize your chances of injury or loss as small as possible.
Reduce or eliminate hazards anytime there are changes to work
activities
Applies to routine changes, such as scheduled maintenance and
planned modifications, and non-routine changes
The purpose of specialized procedures is to comply with regulations,

29. azards dentification
& isk ssessment

30. What is HIRA?
Hazards Identification & Risk Assessment
It’s an electronic tool that been designed to help us
carrying out Activity Risk Assessments (ARA) in standard
method, replacing the `paper- passed` Activity Risk
Assessment system & create a data base of risk
assessments for all type of Hazardous activities / tasks.

31. This electronic tool (HIRA) is organized to allow the users to identify hazards
under three categories:
1) Location Hazards.
2) Equipment's Hazards.
3) Activity Hazards.
The user can type the hazards & precautions or simply use the preloaded
hazards that can be selected from the search engine and the side picker;
consequently after selecting any particular hazard the required precautions
for that particular hazard will appear on a side picker which allows the user
to select all applicable controls and precautions

32. Systematic Processes
1. Hazard
Identification
2. Risk
Assessment
3. Analyze
Risk Control
Measures
4. Risk
Controls
5. Implement
Risk Controls
6. Follow
Through &
Review
1. Hazard
Identification
2. Risk
Assessment
3. Analyze
Risk Control
Measures
4. Risk
Controls
5. Implement
Risk Controls
6. Follow
Through &
Review

33. Hazard Ident. / Risk Assess. Procedure
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION METHODS:
- Process hazard checklist
- Hazard survey: DOW index
- HAZOP hazard & operability study
- Safety review
System description
Hazard identification
Scenario identification
Accident
probability
Accident
consequences
Risk determination
risk &
hazard
acceptable
?
Modify design
Accept system
Y
N
EXTREMES:
- Low probability
- Minimal consequences
RISK ASSESSMENT:
- What can go wrong & how ?
- What are the chances ?
- Consequences ?

34. Engineering Controls
• Engineering controls eliminate exposure to the hazard. They
are:
• relatively permanent,
• can be costly, and
• can be time-consuming.
Engineering controls
are things that you do
to fix the hazard.

35. Isolation
• Isolate the employee from the hazard.
• Control rooms
• Machine guarding
• Protective barriers and shields
• Guardrails
• Clearance distances

36. Design
• Is there new (or existing) technology on the market for
the product which, by it’s design, protects the person
using it?

37. Process Change
• Can a non-hazardous process be substituted for a hazardous
process?
Spray Painting

38. Work Area Layout
• Can a hazardous work area layout be improved?
• Chemical storage area was moved away from hot work and
electrical hazards
Hot Work
Chemical
Storage
Electrical
Pipe
Storage
Stacked
Boxes
Tool Room
Main
Work
Area

39. Protect the Employee
 If the hazard cannot be eliminated or reduced to an
acceptable level, the employee must be protected from
exposure. This protection requires that the employee wear
and/or use appropriate personal protective equipment.

40. Protect the Employee
Hard hats
Eye protection
Face protection
Respiratory protection
Hearing protection
Body wear
Sleeves
Gloves
Protective footwear