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HIRA training
- 1. Hazard Identification andRisk Assessment (HIRA)
- 2. Course Objectives 2 You willbe able to: • Recognize and identify hazards • Conduct risk assessments • Manage risks
- 3. WHAT ARE HAZARDS? 3 IntroductionTo and Definition of Hazards
- 4. Ask the question:Does it have the potential to cause harm? If the answer is yes, then it is a hazard. What Are Hazards? 4 Anything with the Potential to Cause Harm Usually hidden and in latent form People: Poor health, injury or fatality Environment: Negative impact Asset: Property Damage Reputation: Business Loss
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- 8. HAZARD TYPES ANDSOURCES 8 An Overview
- 9. Types of Hazards 9 Inthe work place, hazards are broadly categorized as: Ergonomic Physical Chemical Biological Psychosocial
- 10. Ergonomic Hazards 10 Definition: Hazardsthat occur when work, body position or working conditions or environment put strain on one’s body Ergonomic hazards include Posture Workstation Work Environment
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- 12. Physical Hazards 12 Definition: Hazardscaused by transfer of energy between an object and a worker. Types of physical hazards include Mechanical Hazard Electrical Hazard Thermal Hazard Pressure Hazard Environmental Hazard (noise, radiation, pollution) Slips, Trips, and Falls
- 13. Chemical Hazards 13 Definition: Hazardscaused by inhale or contact with chemicals. Chemicals may be Corrosive Poisonous Explosive Chemical are found as Solid Liquid Gas
- 14. Biological Hazards 14 Definition: Hazardscaused by contact with living organisms or their by-products Types of substances you may be exposed to include Blood or other body fluids Fungi Bacteria and viruses Plants Insect bites
- 15. Psychosocial Hazards 15 Definitions: Hazardsassociated with the mental stresses of work Psychosocial hazards are caused by Workload Workplace Violence Harassment Peer Group Pressure
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- 17. Presence of Hazards 17 Hazardsin the work area are not always observable to the eye; sometimes we need to look closer.
- 18. Hazard Identification –Consider the Past, Present and Future 18 Identified Hazards Identified Hazards Historical conditions What has gone wrong in the past? Root Cause Historical Records Process Experience Near Misses What could go wrong currently? Brainstorming Observation Checklists Existing conditions Future conditions What could go wrong due to change? Possible Change What-If Judgement Prediction
- 19. Hazard Identification (HAZID) 19 Hazardidentification requires: • Being team-based • Being proactive when searching for hazards • Assessing all hazards • Also assessing current control system
- 20. RISK ASSESSMENT 20 Overview andDefinitions
- 21. What Is Risk? 21 Riskis the likelihood that a specified harm is caused from a particular hazard. hazard risk
- 22. What Is Risk? 22 Riskis a computation of the likelihood of harm being done and severity of that harm Risk = Likelihood X Severity
- 23. What Is RiskAssessment? 23 A Risk Assessment is simply a careful examination of • What, in your work, • Could cause harm to people, so that you can • Assess whether you have taken enough precautions or • Should do more to prevent harm.
- 24. Risk Assessment -Steps 24 1. Hazard Identification 2. Identify who might be harmed and how 3. Evaluate the risks and decide on precautions 4. Identify control measures and record your findings 5. Communicate risks and recommend actions and review if needed
- 25. Risk Assessment -Steps 25 2. Identify who might be harmed and how 3. Evaluate the risks decide on precautions 4. Identify control measures and record your findings 5. Communicate risks and recommend actions and review if needed 1. Hazard Identification
- 26. Step 2: IdentifyWho Might Be Harmed and How 26 • Workers carrying out the task • Other nearby workers • Visitors • Maintenance staffs • New/young workers • Pregnant women • Persons with disabilities • Property • Environment • Company reputation
- 27. Risk Assessment -Steps 27 2. Identify who might be harmed and how 3. Evaluate the risks and decide on precautions. 4. Identify control measures and record your findings. 5. Communicate risks and recommend actions and review if needed 1. Hazard Identification
- 28. Risk Assessment -Steps 28 3. Evaluate the risks and decide on precautions 4. Identify control measures and record your findings 5. Communicate risks and recommend actions and review if needed 1. Hazard Identification 2. Identify who might be harmed and how
- 29. Step 3: Evaluatethe Risks 29
- 30. What Is Consequence? 30 Consequenceis the degree of harm.
- 31. Consequence: Levels ofSeverity 31 SEVERITY TABLE Level Number Level Type Definition 1 Low Minor first aid treatment 2 Minor Medical treatment 3 Moderate Lost time injury 4 Major Fatality or permanent disability 5 Critical Multiple fatalities Harm to People
- 32. What Is Likelihood? 32 Likelihoodis the probability that the consequence will occur
- 33. Likelihood 33 LIKELIHOOD TABLE Level NumberLevel Type Definition 1 Rare Occurs at least once in 100 years 2 Unlikely Occurs at least once every 10 years 3 Possible Occurs at least once a year 4 Likely Occurs at least once a month 5 Almost Certain Occurs at least once a week
- 34. Risk Assessment Table 34 RISKASSESSMENT TABLE SEVERITY Low Minor Moderate Major Critical 1 2 3 4 5 L I K E L I H O O D Rare 1 1 2 3 4 5 Unlikely 2 2 4 6 8 10 Possible 3 3 6 9 12 15 Likely 4 4 8 12 16 20 Almost Certain 5 5 10 15 20 25
- 35. What We’ve LearnedSo Far: Review 35 Hazard Identification Hazard & Scenario Analysis Likelihood Consequences Risk 1. Hazard Identification 2. Identify who might be harmed dddand how 3. Evaluate the risks and decide on precautions Next: 4. Identify control measures and record your findings 5. Communicate risks and recommend actions and review if needed
- 36. Step 4: IdentifyControl Measures Hierarchy of Control Measures 36 Least Preferred Most Preferred Eliminate / Substitute Engineering Controls Administrative Measures Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
- 37. Definitions of ControlMeasures 37 Control Description Example Elimination Remove, redesign the process or plant so the hazard does not exist Eliminating the use of a chemical Substitution Hazard substituted with something of a lesser risk Hazardous chemical with Non hazardous chemical Engineering/ Isolation Hazard controlled through isolation using an engineering measure Machine guarding Administrative/ Training Hazard controlled by influencing people Safety procedures, rotation, signage Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Hazard controlled by the use of personal protective equipment Respirators, hearing protection, protection from impact
- 38. Effectiveness of ControlMeasures 38
- 39. Effectiveness of ControlMeasures 39
- 40. Effectiveness of ControlMeasures 40
- 41. Effectiveness of ControlMeasures 41
- 42. Step 5: CommunicateRisks Make the Case to Management • Top management • Department managers • Supervisors 42 Inform the Relevant People • Chemical handler • Machine operator • Iron section • Other people at risk
- 43. Inform the RelevantPeople 43 • Chemical handlers, machine operators, etc are at the front line of risk and must be informed • All high risk operation operators must be well trained in high risk operation procedure • Show them the hazard • How it can be harmful • How to manage hazard • All operators should be trained in Safe Working Procedure • Regular refresher trainings
- 44. 44 • Show themthe findings. • Ask them whether they agree with control measures. • Remind them of the effectiveness of control measures • Reach an agreement on control measures to be taken • Carefully negotiate implementation plan and timeline Meeting with Department Manager
- 45. Review Risk Assessment •Building Modification • New equipment • Changes to – furniture, – hazardous substances, – work activities and – storage of goods • Incident 45
- 46. 1. Form theRA Team 46 Select five participants to form the RA team • Suitable skills and experience • Multi-disciplinary • Equal participation Creating Value of RA
- 47. 2. Train, Plan,and Conduct Risk Assessment 47 • Train the team • On hazard identification and Risk Assessment • On how to record findings • Plan the Risk Assessment at your factory • Identify areas of factory to be assessed • Assign areas for each team • Set the timeline for Risk Assessment • Communicate it to all supervisors and Department managers. Creating Value of RA
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