This document summarizes the symptoms of nutrient deficiencies in plants. It describes the visual symptoms caused by deficiencies of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, manganese, iron, copper, zinc, boron, including chlorosis, necrosis, stunting, and effects on fruits. The symptoms provided a way to identify which nutrient a plant may be lacking by the pattern and location of discoloration and damage visible on its leaves, stems, and fruits.
Plants Nutrients and Deficiency, Toxicity Symptoms mnikzaad
In Plant Physiology one of the topic is "Plant Nutrients". These slide show will help you; Classification of Nutrients, Deficiency Symptoms and Toxicity Symptoms. All Pictures are collected from the Internet. This Presentation Totally Handled by One group of Students who are studying B.Sc in Agriculture Resource Management and Technology.
Plants Nutrients and Deficiency, Toxicity Symptoms mnikzaad
In Plant Physiology one of the topic is "Plant Nutrients". These slide show will help you; Classification of Nutrients, Deficiency Symptoms and Toxicity Symptoms. All Pictures are collected from the Internet. This Presentation Totally Handled by One group of Students who are studying B.Sc in Agriculture Resource Management and Technology.
plant show different symptoms on the deficiency of different essential nutrients. which symptom show which nutrient deficiency in detail elaborated in the presentation
Plants create their own food through the process of photosynthesis, making them autotrophs. Additionally, the process' end result is referred to as a photosynthate or photo-assimilate. In plants, the phloem is a conducting tissue that carries photosynthate (food) to every part of the plant. While storage or the point of use is referred to as the Sink, the source of production or manufacturing is referred to as the Source. The source and sink connection notion is explained in the slides. The mechanisms cover these and other crucial aspects of the topic.
plant show different symptoms on the deficiency of different essential nutrients. which symptom show which nutrient deficiency in detail elaborated in the presentation
Plants create their own food through the process of photosynthesis, making them autotrophs. Additionally, the process' end result is referred to as a photosynthate or photo-assimilate. In plants, the phloem is a conducting tissue that carries photosynthate (food) to every part of the plant. While storage or the point of use is referred to as the Sink, the source of production or manufacturing is referred to as the Source. The source and sink connection notion is explained in the slides. The mechanisms cover these and other crucial aspects of the topic.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...University of Maribor
Slides from:
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Track: Artificial Intelligence
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
3. Nitrogen
• The chlorosis symptoms shown by the leaves are the
direct result of nitrogen deficiency.
• As the deficiency progresses these older leaves become
uniformly yellow (chlorotic).
• Branching is reduced in nitrogen deficient plants
resulting in short, spindly plants.
• The yellowing in nitrogen deficiency is uniform over
the entire leaf including the veins.
3
4. Recovery of deficient plants to applied nitrogen is immediate (days)
and spectacular.
Nitrogen deficient tomato leaf Healthy tomato leaf
4
5. • The necrotic spots on the leaves are a typical symptom
of phosphorus (P) deficiency.
• A major visual symptom is that the plants are dwarfed
or stunted.
• Developing a distinct purpling of the stem, petiole and
the lower sides of the leaves.
• Severe deficiency conditions there is also a tendency for
leaves to develop a blue-gray luster.
Phosphorus
5
6. 6
In older leaves under very severe deficiency conditions a brown
netted veining of the leaves may develop
Healthy tomato leaf Phosphorus deficient tomato
leaf
7. 7
Potassium
• The leaves show marginal necrosis (tip burn).
• The leaves show more advanced deficiency status, with
necrosis in the interveinal spaces between the main veins
along with interveinal chlorosis.
• The onset of potassium deficiency is generally
characterized by a marginal chlorosis, progressing into a
dry leathery tan scorch on recently matured leaves.
8. 8
Because potassium is very mobile within the plant, symptoms only
develop on young leaves in the case of extreme deficiency.
Potassium deficient tomato
leaf
Initial symptoms on tomato
leaf
9. 9
Typical potassium (K) deficiency of fruit is characterized by color
development disorders, including greenback, blotch ripening and boxy
fruit .
10. 10
Calcium
• The calcium-deficient leaves show necrosis around the
base of the leaves.
• Classic symptoms of calcium deficiency include blossom-
end rot (BER) burning of the end part of tomato fruits.
• The blossom-end area darkens and flattens out, then
appearing leathery and dark brown, and finally it
collapses and secondary pathogens take over the fruit.
11. 11
Plants under chronic calcium deficiency have a much greater
tendency to wilt than non-stressed plants.
Calcium-deficient leaves Blossom-end rot
12. 12
Magnesium
• Magnesium-deficient tomato leaves show advanced
interveinal chlorosis, with necrosis developing in the
highly chlorotic tissue.
• In its advanced form, magnesium deficiency may
superficially resemble potassium deficiency.
• In the case of magnesium deficiency the symptoms
generally start with mottled chlorotic areas developing in
the interveinal tissue.
13. 13
The interveinal laminae tissue tends to expand proportionately
more than the other leaf tissues, producing a raised puckered
surface, with the top of the puckers progressively going from
chlorotic to necrotic tissue.
Magnesium deficient tomato
leaf
Healthy tomato leaf
14. 14
Sulphur
• The veins and petioles exhibit a very distinct
reddish color.
• The visual symptoms of sulfur deficiency are very
similar to the chlorosis found in nitrogen deficiency
• However, in sulfur deficiency the yellowing is
much more uniform over the entire plant including
young leaves.
15. 15
With advanced sulfur deficiency brown lesions and/or necrotic
spots often develop along the petiole, and the leaves tend to become
more erect and often twisted and brittle
16. 16
Manganese
• These leaves show a light interveinal chlorosis
developed under a limited supply of Mn.
• The early stages of the chlorosis induced by
manganese deficiency are somewhat similar to iron
deficiency.
• As the stress increases, the leaves take on a gray
metallic sheen and develop dark freckled and
necrotic areas along the veins.
18. 18
Iron
• The iron-deficient leaves show intense chlorosis at
the base of the leaves with some green netting.
• The most common symptom for iron deficiency
starts out as an interveinal chlorosis of the
youngest leaves, evolves into an overall chlorosis,
and ends as a totally bleached leaf.
• The bleached areas often develop necrotic spots.
• Up until the time the leaves become almost
completely white they will recover upon
application of iron.
19. 19
Iron deficiency is strongly associated with calcareous soils and
anaerobic conditions, and it is often induced by an excess of heavy
metals
20. 20
Copper
• The copper-deficient leaves are curled, and their
petioles bend downward.
• Copper deficiency may be expressed as a light
overall chlorosis along with the permanent loss of
turgor in the young leaves.
• Recently matured leaves show netted, green
veining with areas bleached to a whitish gray.
22. 22
Zinc
• This leaf shows an advanced case of interveinal necrosis.
• In the early stages of zinc deficiency the younger leaves
become yellow and pitting develops in the interveinal
upper surfaces of the mature leaves.
• As the deficiency progresses these symptoms develop
into an intense interveinal necrosis but the main veins
remain green, as in the symptoms of recovering iron
deficiency
24. 24
Boron
• The boron-deficient leaf shows a light general
chlorosis.
• Boron deficiency symptoms generally appear in
younger plants at the propagation stage.
• Slight interveinal chlorosis in older leaves
followed by yellow to orange tinting in middle and
older leaves.
• Leaves and stems are brittle and corky, split and
swollen miss-shaped fruit .