This document discusses sex expression in cucurbitaceous crops. It notes that cucurbits can have various sex forms ranging from hermaphroditic to monoecious to gynoecious. The major cucurbits like cucumber, bitter gourd, muskmelon, watermelon are typically monoecious. Gynoecious lines have been developed in some crops like cucumber and muskmelon through breeding. Sex determination is controlled by genes but can be modulated by environmental factors like temperature and photoperiod. Chemicals like silver nitrate and gibberellic acid can also induce staminate flowers.
Radish is a popular vegetable in both tropical as well as temperate regions. It is cultivated under glass house conditions for early market, but large scale cultivation in the field is more I common. Being a quick growing crop it can be easily planted as a companion crop or intercrop between the rows of the other vegetables. It can also be planted on ridges, separating one plot from another. It is cultivated all over India, especially near the city markets. Radish originated probably in China. In India, it seems to have been cultivated from ancient times. It was popular among the ancient Egyptians and Greeks. The botanical name of radish is Raphanus sativus. The enlarged edible roots are fusiform and differ in colour from white to red.
Radish is a popular vegetable in both tropical as well as temperate regions. It is cultivated under glass house conditions for early market, but large scale cultivation in the field is more I common. Being a quick growing crop it can be easily planted as a companion crop or intercrop between the rows of the other vegetables. It can also be planted on ridges, separating one plot from another. It is cultivated all over India, especially near the city markets. Radish originated probably in China. In India, it seems to have been cultivated from ancient times. It was popular among the ancient Egyptians and Greeks. The botanical name of radish is Raphanus sativus. The enlarged edible roots are fusiform and differ in colour from white to red.
Scope Of Vegetable Seed Production Under Protected Cultivation.pptxAnusha K R
Protected cultivation provides many-fold advantages over open field seed production of vegetables. The beauty of vegetable hybrid seed production under protected conditions is that it could be implemented at a micro or macro level depending upon the need, space, and seed crop requirements. This technology is highly productive, amenable to automation, conserves water, fertilizer, and land, and provides the required environment to overcome the biotic and abiotic stress and enhance yield as well as the quality of seeds. Protected cultivation offers a very congenial environment for producing healthy, virus-free, and genetically pure hybrid seed with higher seed yield per unit area.
Scope Of Vegetable Seed Production Under Protected Cultivation.pptxAnusha K R
Protected cultivation provides many-fold advantages over open field seed production of vegetables. The beauty of vegetable hybrid seed production under protected conditions is that it could be implemented at a micro or macro level depending upon the need, space, and seed crop requirements. This technology is highly productive, amenable to automation, conserves water, fertilizer, and land, and provides the required environment to overcome the biotic and abiotic stress and enhance yield as well as the quality of seeds. Protected cultivation offers a very congenial environment for producing healthy, virus-free, and genetically pure hybrid seed with higher seed yield per unit area.
Sixteen genotypes of maize were evaluated for genetic variability and character associations in the Research
Farm of the Department of Botany, University of Ibadan, Nigeria for 90 days in the 2012, 2013 and 2014
cropping seasons. Perforated polythene bags (18 × 9 cm) were filled with 6kg sandy-loam soil and were spaced
at a distance of 10 cm apart between rows. Three seeds from each genotype were then planted per bag without
treatment in three replicates. Data on plant and stem height, leaf width, leaf length and number of leaves were
collected after planting at 14 days interval on each replicate for a particular genotype. The plant height of
EVDT.Y200STRQPM genotype was significantly (p < 0.05) different from other genotypes, while genotype
pairs; TZE-OR2DTSTRQPM and 2009TZE-ORIDTSTRQPM, TZEI 22, TZEI 98 and OBANTAPA, TZEI 4,
TZEI 161, BODIJA as well as EVDT-W99STR, OJO, 98SYNWECSTRQPM were similar to each other. The
result of correlation coefficient shows that stem height was highly significant and positively correlated with the
plant height (p < 0.01; r = 0.91). The genotype is negative and non-correlated with plant height, stem height, leaf
width and number of leaves, but positive and non-significantly associated with leaf length, replicate and week
after planting.
Climate change embraces a range of natural and anthropogenic environmental changes. According to Inter governmental Panel on Climate Change • “Change in climate over time, either due to natural variability or as a result of human activity”. •
“A change in global or regional climate patterns, in particular a change apparent from the mid to late 20th century onwards and attributed largely to the increased levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide produced by the use of fossil fuels.”
Vegetable Grafting Against Biotic and Abiotic StressUbaidAbdulKhaliq
Vegetable grafting is a very effective technique to mitigate biotic and abiotic stresses that crop face during production period. Vegetable grafting results in improved crop yield.
Rice (Oryza sativa L. 2n = 2x = 24) is a staple food for over half of the world's populationproviding 43% of calorie. Rice yield has experienced many fold jumps since the 1950s. This happened primarily as the result of genetic improvement and increasing harvest index by reducing plant height using the semi-dwarf genes and utilization of heterosis by producing hybrids. Heterosis is the improved or increased function of any biological quality in a hybrid offspring. An offspring exhibits heterosis if its traits are enhanced as a result of mixing the genetic contributions of its parents. Genetic basis of heterosis included overdominance, dominance, and additive effects.
Genetic Variability and Multivariate Analysis in Indigenous and Exotic Sesame...Premier Publishers
The productivity of sesame in Ethiopia is below the world average due to lack of high yielding improved varieties. Understanding of genetic variability of characters becomes essential. Therefore, this study was conducted to estimate the
extent of genetic variation among yield and 19 yield components. One hundred sesame genotypes were evaluated in 10x10 triple lattice design at Werer during 2017 and 2018. The combined analysis of variance showed that the genotypes differed significantly. Higher phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation were observed for shattering resistance, whereas plant height, number of capsules per plant, harvest index and seed yield showed medium values. High heritability coupled with moderate to high genetic advance were observed for shattering resistance, plant height, capsule per plant, harvest
index and seed yield. The present study revealed that to increase sesame seed yield, the genotypes should possess a
greater number of capsules, shattering resistance and high harvest index, which known to be important yield contributing
characters and selection based on these characters would be most effective. The D2 analysis exhibited the group of
genotypes into seven clusters. Assessment of sesame genetic resources with molecular markers assisted breeding should be
considered in the future.
A keynote symposium talk to Grow Canada, December 7, 2016. The topic was the effects of climate change and how ag producers and agricultural researchers are studying opportunities to adapt to warmer temperatures. The session focuses on communications strategies that emphasize adaptation over the contentious issues of cause or mitigation. The hope it to continue productive agricultural production without becoming mired in policy discussion, and the science of adaptation will inform discussion in climate change cause and mitigation.
Present status of Floriculture industry in Tamilnadu, India & World. All other aspects of floriculture industry including merits, demerits, oppurtunities, strategies to develop, potentials, scope etc..
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
2. Introduction
• Large and diverse group of vegetable crops under
Cucurbitaceae family
• Cucurbitaceae consists of 90 genera & 750 species
• Variation in sex form hermaphrodite –monoecious (More, 2002)
• Sex determination genes control sex expression, although plant
hormones as well as environmental factors can modulate
(Meagher, 2007)
3. Sex Forms in Cucurbits
SEX FORMS CUCURBITS
Monoecious Cucumber, Musk melon, Pumpkin,
Summer squash, Winter squash, water
melon, Sponge gourd, Round melon,
Bottle gourd, Bitter gourd
Gynoecious Cucumber, Bitter gourd, Musk melon,
Watermelon, Ridge gourd
Androecious Cucumber , Musk melon
Dioecious Pointed gourd, Ivy gourd,
Andromonoecious Water melon, Cucumber
Gynomonoecious Cucumber, Musk melon, Ridge gourd
Trimonoecious Cucumber
Hermaphrodite Ridge gourd
4. Original form
Intermediate form
End form
Hermaphrodite
Andromonoecious Trimonoecious Gynomonoecious
Androecious Monoecious Gynoecious
Evolution of sex expression in Cucurbitaceae
(Whitaker and Davis, 2008)
7. Timeline of gynoecism
• First gynoecious lines in cucumber was reported by (Peterson and
Anhder, 1960) in ‘Shogoin’ (PI 220860) Korean introduction
• Stable gynoecious lines in muskmelon (WI998) was developed from
monoecious x hermaphrodite crosses by (Peterson et al.,1983)
• In bitter gourd gynoecious lines was reported (Ram et al., 2002)
• Gynoecious lines in watermelon reported (Jiang and Liu, 2007)
• High pistillate flowers population in sponge gourd (Singh et al., 2012)
8. Development
Chance segregate of gynomonoecious
Introduction gynoecious lines
Use of ethylene production as a marker
Backcross breeding
9. Flower sex phenotypes observed in gynoecious lines
Male Female Bisexual
(Manzano et al., 2008)
10. Stability
• Depends upon temperature and photoperiod
• Temperature >30°C
• Photoperiod upto 12 hrs.
• Photoperiod had no influence under high temperature
• Same gene will show variation depend upon
environmental background
(More, 2002)
