Cabbage physiological disorders By Mr. Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator ...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
The document discusses several physiological disorders that can affect cabbage crops, including internal tipburn, black petiole, and pepper spot. It also covers issues like edema, J-rooting, magnesium deficiency, blindness, and leaf tipburn. For each disorder or issue, it provides the symptoms and possible remedies. It concludes by covering nutrient deficiencies for various minerals like nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and others; listing the symptoms and recommended corrections for each deficiency.
Beans physiological disorders By Mr. Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator I...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
This document describes the physiological disorders and deficiencies that can occur in various types of bean plants, including broad beans, dwarf beans, haricot beans, runner beans, and their symptoms. For each type of bean and disorder, it lists the symptoms seen such as stunted growth, wilting, chlorosis or discoloration of leaves, and failure of pods or seeds to develop properly. A total of over 20 different disorders and the beans they affect are outlined.
Broccoli physiological disorders By Mr. Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinat...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
This document summarizes several physiological disorders that can occur in broccoli plants, including hollow stem, small broccoli heads, blindness, ricing, whiptail, browning of heads and curds, leaf tipburn, and chlorosis due to deficiencies of magnesium and iron. For each disorder, the summary provides the cause, symptoms, and recommended remedies. The remedies include adjusting fertilizer levels, applying micronutrients to the soil, handling transplants carefully, and following practices to promote plant growth.
Physiological disorders in plants can be caused by nutrient deficiencies or excesses, water issues, temperature fluctuations and other non-pathogenic stressors. They impact plant growth and development across all plant stages. Common physiological disorders include blossom end rot in tomatoes from calcium deficiency, hollow heart in potatoes from irregular watering, and bolting in lettuce from temperature changes. Managing disorders requires identifying their causes and implementing practices like balanced fertilization, irrigation, ventilation and growing resistant varieties. Physiological issues cannot be transmitted but can seriously impact crop yields if not properly addressed.
Carrot physiological disorders By Mr. Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator I...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
Carrot Physiological Disorders discusses various disorders that affect carrots including deficiencies of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, boron, iron, zinc, and sulfur. Symptoms and recommended corrections are provided for each deficiency. The document also discusses two disorders - root splitting and cavity spot. Root splitting can be caused by genetics, high nitrogen levels, wide spacing, and large root size. Cavity spot is induced by calcium deficiency which may be caused by excess potassium uptake. Maintaining proper calcium levels and minimizing fertilizer application can help control cavity spot.
Tip burn is a condition that affects the leaves of rice plants, causing browning and drying of leaf tips and margins. It is caused by excessive moisture from flooding, which can lead to a lack of oxygen and nutrients in the soil. Symptoms include dried, scorched leaf tips that may spread to affect the whole leaf. Management strategies include clipping seedling tips before transplanting, improving soil drainage and aeration, applying ammonium sulfate fertilizer, and green manuring to improve soil conditions.
- Aluminum toxicity occurs in acidic soils below pH 5.2 and damages root systems, reducing water and nutrient uptake. Liming to increase soil pH alleviates aluminum toxicity.
- Boron deficiency symptoms appear first on young leaves as chlorosis along leaf margins or distortion. Severe deficiency can kill the apical meristem or cause brittle, bunched growth.
- Nitrogen deficiency first appears in older leaves as pale green or yellowing, reducing internodal growth and prematurely separating leaf sheaths.
This document summarizes nutrient deficiency symptoms in tomato plants. It describes symptoms for deficiencies in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, manganese, iron, copper, and boron. For each nutrient, 3 key symptoms are outlined, such as yellowing leaves for nitrogen deficiency; stunted growth for phosphorus deficiency; and marginal necrosis for potassium deficiency. Images are also provided to visually depict symptoms compared to healthy leaves. The document aims to help identify nutrient deficiencies based on their distinctive leaf symptoms and effects on plant growth and fruit production.
Peas physiological disorders By Mr. Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IP...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
This document describes several physiological disorders that can affect pea plants, including deficiencies of phosphorus, nitrogen, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, potassium, manganese, boron, and zinc. It provides the key symptoms for identifying deficiencies of each nutrient, such as purple or reddish leaves for phosphorus deficiency, yellowing of older leaves for nitrogen deficiency, and marginal leaf scorching for magnesium and manganese deficiencies. The document also briefly mentions molybdenum deficiencies in brassicas, chimaera genetic variations, and blindness in sweet pea growing points.
Onion physiological disorders By Mr. Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator I...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
This document discusses physiological disorders in onions and leeks caused by deficiencies in important nutrients. It describes the symptoms of potassium deficiency in onions as the dying back of leaves from the tips and older leaves. It also outlines the symptoms of nitrogen and phosphorus deficiencies in leeks as dwarfed and thin growth with pale or dull green leaves and tip die-back. Additionally, the symptoms of calcium deficiency in leeks are mentioned as dwarfed growth, chlorosis developing from leaf tips followed by die-back.
Physiological disorders in crop plants can be caused by nutrient deficiencies or excesses, environmental stresses, and cultural practices. The main causes are nutrient deficiencies or toxicities, low or high temperatures, lack of light, overwatering or underwatering, and high CO2 concentrations. Symptoms vary depending on the disorder but include stunted growth, chlorosis, necrosis, leaf scorching or malformations. Managing the growth environment and nutrient inputs can help minimize physiological disorders in crops.
Soybean crop disorders A Lecture By Mr Allah Dad KhanMr.Allah Dad Khan
This document discusses various crop disorders that can affect soybeans, including deficiencies in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, magnesium, zinc, iron, manganese, and molybdenum. For each deficiency, the document provides details on symptoms, which typically first appear on older, lower leaves and include chlorosis (yellowing) and necrosis (browning) between the veins. Maintaining proper soil pH and installing drainage tiles in heavy soils can help alleviate some deficiencies. The document is intended as a presentation for IPM and farming participants in Pakistan to identify nutrient deficiencies affecting soybean crops.
Cabbage physiological disorders By Mr. Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator ...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
The document discusses several physiological disorders that can affect cabbage crops, including internal tipburn, black petiole, and pepper spot. It also covers issues like edema, J-rooting, magnesium deficiency, blindness, and leaf tipburn. For each disorder or issue, it provides the symptoms and possible remedies. It concludes by covering nutrient deficiencies for various minerals like nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and others; listing the symptoms and recommended corrections for each deficiency.
Beans physiological disorders By Mr. Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator I...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
This document describes the physiological disorders and deficiencies that can occur in various types of bean plants, including broad beans, dwarf beans, haricot beans, runner beans, and their symptoms. For each type of bean and disorder, it lists the symptoms seen such as stunted growth, wilting, chlorosis or discoloration of leaves, and failure of pods or seeds to develop properly. A total of over 20 different disorders and the beans they affect are outlined.
Broccoli physiological disorders By Mr. Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinat...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
This document summarizes several physiological disorders that can occur in broccoli plants, including hollow stem, small broccoli heads, blindness, ricing, whiptail, browning of heads and curds, leaf tipburn, and chlorosis due to deficiencies of magnesium and iron. For each disorder, the summary provides the cause, symptoms, and recommended remedies. The remedies include adjusting fertilizer levels, applying micronutrients to the soil, handling transplants carefully, and following practices to promote plant growth.
Physiological disorders in plants can be caused by nutrient deficiencies or excesses, water issues, temperature fluctuations and other non-pathogenic stressors. They impact plant growth and development across all plant stages. Common physiological disorders include blossom end rot in tomatoes from calcium deficiency, hollow heart in potatoes from irregular watering, and bolting in lettuce from temperature changes. Managing disorders requires identifying their causes and implementing practices like balanced fertilization, irrigation, ventilation and growing resistant varieties. Physiological issues cannot be transmitted but can seriously impact crop yields if not properly addressed.
Carrot physiological disorders By Mr. Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator I...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
Carrot Physiological Disorders discusses various disorders that affect carrots including deficiencies of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, boron, iron, zinc, and sulfur. Symptoms and recommended corrections are provided for each deficiency. The document also discusses two disorders - root splitting and cavity spot. Root splitting can be caused by genetics, high nitrogen levels, wide spacing, and large root size. Cavity spot is induced by calcium deficiency which may be caused by excess potassium uptake. Maintaining proper calcium levels and minimizing fertilizer application can help control cavity spot.
Tip burn is a condition that affects the leaves of rice plants, causing browning and drying of leaf tips and margins. It is caused by excessive moisture from flooding, which can lead to a lack of oxygen and nutrients in the soil. Symptoms include dried, scorched leaf tips that may spread to affect the whole leaf. Management strategies include clipping seedling tips before transplanting, improving soil drainage and aeration, applying ammonium sulfate fertilizer, and green manuring to improve soil conditions.
- Aluminum toxicity occurs in acidic soils below pH 5.2 and damages root systems, reducing water and nutrient uptake. Liming to increase soil pH alleviates aluminum toxicity.
- Boron deficiency symptoms appear first on young leaves as chlorosis along leaf margins or distortion. Severe deficiency can kill the apical meristem or cause brittle, bunched growth.
- Nitrogen deficiency first appears in older leaves as pale green or yellowing, reducing internodal growth and prematurely separating leaf sheaths.
This document summarizes nutrient deficiency symptoms in tomato plants. It describes symptoms for deficiencies in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, manganese, iron, copper, and boron. For each nutrient, 3 key symptoms are outlined, such as yellowing leaves for nitrogen deficiency; stunted growth for phosphorus deficiency; and marginal necrosis for potassium deficiency. Images are also provided to visually depict symptoms compared to healthy leaves. The document aims to help identify nutrient deficiencies based on their distinctive leaf symptoms and effects on plant growth and fruit production.
Peas physiological disorders By Mr. Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IP...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
This document describes several physiological disorders that can affect pea plants, including deficiencies of phosphorus, nitrogen, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, potassium, manganese, boron, and zinc. It provides the key symptoms for identifying deficiencies of each nutrient, such as purple or reddish leaves for phosphorus deficiency, yellowing of older leaves for nitrogen deficiency, and marginal leaf scorching for magnesium and manganese deficiencies. The document also briefly mentions molybdenum deficiencies in brassicas, chimaera genetic variations, and blindness in sweet pea growing points.
Onion physiological disorders By Mr. Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator I...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
This document discusses physiological disorders in onions and leeks caused by deficiencies in important nutrients. It describes the symptoms of potassium deficiency in onions as the dying back of leaves from the tips and older leaves. It also outlines the symptoms of nitrogen and phosphorus deficiencies in leeks as dwarfed and thin growth with pale or dull green leaves and tip die-back. Additionally, the symptoms of calcium deficiency in leeks are mentioned as dwarfed growth, chlorosis developing from leaf tips followed by die-back.
Physiological disorders in crop plants can be caused by nutrient deficiencies or excesses, environmental stresses, and cultural practices. The main causes are nutrient deficiencies or toxicities, low or high temperatures, lack of light, overwatering or underwatering, and high CO2 concentrations. Symptoms vary depending on the disorder but include stunted growth, chlorosis, necrosis, leaf scorching or malformations. Managing the growth environment and nutrient inputs can help minimize physiological disorders in crops.
Soybean crop disorders A Lecture By Mr Allah Dad KhanMr.Allah Dad Khan
This document discusses various crop disorders that can affect soybeans, including deficiencies in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, magnesium, zinc, iron, manganese, and molybdenum. For each deficiency, the document provides details on symptoms, which typically first appear on older, lower leaves and include chlorosis (yellowing) and necrosis (browning) between the veins. Maintaining proper soil pH and installing drainage tiles in heavy soils can help alleviate some deficiencies. The document is intended as a presentation for IPM and farming participants in Pakistan to identify nutrient deficiencies affecting soybean crops.
Pomelo Physiological Disorders A Lecture By Allah Dad Khan To FFS TraineeMr.Allah Dad Khan
This document provides information on physiological disorders and nutrient deficiencies that affect pomelo trees. It includes identification tips and photos for disorders like frost damage, sunburn, fruit splitting, puff and crease on fruit rinds, peteca on lemons, rind disorders, hail damage, wind scarring, chimera growths, and fruit drop from factors like summer weather, pruning practices, drought stress, and temperature changes. It also details nutrient deficiencies of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, manganese, zinc, iron, and copper; and explains how soil pH levels can impact nutrient availability.
This document discusses various abiotic and nutritional deficiencies that can affect plants. Abiotic diseases are caused by non-living factors like temperature, water, soil chemicals, and mechanical damage. These stresses can weaken plants and make them susceptible to pathogens. Common nutritional deficiencies include nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, iron, calcium, boron, sulfur, copper, manganese, zinc, and molybdenum. Deficiencies typically show up first in older or younger leaves and cause symptoms like chlorosis, necrosis, stunting, and leaf distortion. Specific deficiency symptoms and their effects on greenhouse crops are described for each nutrient. Other abiotic disorders addressed include blossom end rot, edema, frost damage, heat stress
The plants get sick too and the reasons behind this may be biotic or abiotic. There is a list of non-living factors making plants infected/diseased including A. Soil i- pH and ii-struce, B. Temperature i- extreme, ii-low, C. Moisture i-higher water content, ii- lower water content, D. Fertility i- nutrient excess, ii-nutrient deficiency.
Tangerine Physiological Disorders A Lecture By Allah Dad Khan To FFS TraineeMr.Allah Dad Khan
This document summarizes various physiological disorders that can affect tangerine trees, including frost damage, sunburn, fruit splitting, puff and crease, peteca of lemon, rind disorders, hail damage, wind scarring, chimera, fruit drop, pruning issues, drought stress, temperature changes, leocellosis, and nutrient deficiencies related to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, manganese, zinc, iron, and copper. Each disorder is described in 1-2 sentences with identification tips provided to help diagnose the issue.
This document discusses various abiotic and nutritional deficiencies that can affect plants. Abiotic diseases are caused by non-living factors like temperature, water, soil chemicals, and mechanical damage. These stresses can weaken plants and make them susceptible to pathogens. Common nutritional deficiencies affect nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, iron, calcium, boron, sulfur, copper, manganese, zinc, and molybdenum. Deficiencies typically cause chlorosis or necrosis of leaves, starting with older or younger leaves depending on the nutrient. Other abiotic issues covered include blossom end rot, edema, frost damage, heat stress, herbicide damage, leaf scorch, salt injury, and sunlight damage.
Kinnow Physiological Disorders A Lecture By Allah Dad Khan To FFS TraineeMr.Allah Dad Khan
This document discusses physiological disorders that affect kinnow oranges, including identification tips and symptoms. It describes disorders such as frost dieback, sunburn, fruit splitting, puffiness of rinds, hail damage, rubbing damage, genetic mutations, nutrient deficiencies and toxicities, herbicide damage, water stress, and salt injury. Symptoms are illustrated with photographs and include discolored or dead leaves, fruit lesions and scarring, leaf chlorosis and necrosis, twig abnormalities, and stunted growth. The document provides guidance on diagnosing the causes of physiological issues in kinnow oranges.
This powerpoint presentation helps you to fully understand nutrient deficiency symptoms in wheat. It also provides a brief information about functions of different nutrients in wheat crop.
This document discusses 17 essential plant nutrients and their deficiency symptoms. It provides details on each of the major nutrients - nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and sulfur - including their function, absorption, and deficiency symptoms. It also outlines the roles and deficiency symptoms of minor nutrients like boron, chlorine, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, and zinc. The document concludes with brief mentions of the carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur cycles in soil.
Grape fruit Physiological Didsorders A Lecture By Allah Dad Khan To FFS TraineeMr.Allah Dad Khan
This document summarizes various physiological disorders that can affect grapefruit trees, including frost damage, sunburn, fruit splitting, puff and crease, peteca of lemon, rind disorders, hail damage, wind scarring, chimera, fruit drop, pruning issues, drought stress, temperature changes, leocellosis, nutrient deficiencies of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, manganese, zinc, iron, and copper, and issues related to soil pH. Proper identification of each disorder is important for addressing the underlying causes and applying the appropriate treatments.
Guava physiological disorders A Lecture By Allah Dad Khan To FFS TraineeMr.Allah Dad Khan
The document summarizes various physiological disorders that affect guava trees, including symptoms and correction measures. It describes disorders caused by deficiencies of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, boron, iron, and manganese. Symptoms vary based on the deficiency but include chlorosis, stunted growth, and necrosis. Suggested corrections involve foliar sprays or soil applications of fertilizers or other substances to remedy the specific nutrient deficiency.
Mandarin Physiological Disorders A Lecture By Allah Dad Khan To FFS Trainee Mr.Allah Dad Khan
1. The document discusses various physiological disorders that affect mandarin trees, including frost damage, sunburn, fruit splitting, puff and crease, peteca of lemon, rind disorders, hail damage, wind scarring, chimera, and fruit drop caused by factors like summer drop, pruning, drought stress, and temperature changes.
2. It also covers nutrient disorders like nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, manganese, zinc, iron, and copper deficiencies as well as deficiencies of molybdenum and boron.
3. Additional topics include physiological issues like salt injury, herbicide damage from diuron and simazine, and mesophyll collapse from water stress. Each disorder is described and
This document summarizes the symptoms of nutrient deficiencies in plants. It describes the visual symptoms caused by deficiencies of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, manganese, iron, copper, zinc, boron, including chlorosis, necrosis, stunting, and effects on fruits. The symptoms provided a way to identify which nutrient a plant may be lacking by the pattern and location of discoloration and damage visible on its leaves, stems, and fruits.
Lime Physiological Disorders A Lecture By Allah Dad Khan To FFS Trainee Mr.Allah Dad Khan
Lime Physiological Disorders discusses various physiological issues that affect citrus trees, including frost damage, sunburn, fruit splitting, puffing and creasing of fruit rinds, peteca disease, rind disorders, hail damage, wind scarring, chimera growths, fruit drop caused by summer pruning stress, temperature changes, leocellosis, nutrient deficiencies of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, manganese, zinc, iron, copper, boron, and molybdenum, herbicide damage from diuron and simazine, mesophyll collapse from water stress, and salt injury symptoms from saline soils or irrigation water. The document provides identification tips and control methods for each disorder.
Lemon Physiological Disorders A Lecture By Allah Dad Khan To FFS Trainee Mr.Allah Dad Khan
This document provides information on physiological disorders and deficiencies that can affect lemon trees. It describes symptoms and identification tips for issues like frost dieback, sunburn, fruit splitting, puff and crease, peteca of lemon, rind disorders, hail damage, wind scarring, chimera, summer drop, excessive pruning, drought stress, temperature changes, oleocellosis, nutrient deficiencies of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, manganese, boron, copper, iron, zinc, the role of soil pH, and advises getting a soil test to properly diagnose nutritional issues. Remedies discussed include irrigation, fertilization, and foliar sprays.
Cotton crop disorders A Lecture by Mr Allah Dad Khan Mr.Allah Dad Khan
This document discusses nutrient deficiencies and physiological disorders in cotton. It outlines the major nutrient deficiencies cotton plants can experience, including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, boron, manganese, zinc, and iron deficiencies. It also discusses physiological disorders like bud and boll shedding caused by insufficient light and nutrient imbalances, leaf reddening caused by nutrient deficiencies and temperature fluctuations, and excessive vegetative growth that can be addressed by detopping the plant. The document provides details on the symptoms and impacts of each deficiency and disorder.
The document summarizes the functions and deficiency symptoms of 6 minor elements (iron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum, and boron) that are essential plant nutrients. It provides details on the source of each element in soils, its role in plant biological processes, and symptoms that may occur if the element is deficient in soils or unavailable to plants. For iron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum, and boron, it highlights that deficiency may cause chlorosis, necrosis of leaves, stunted growth, reduced reproduction, and decreased crop yields.
Similar to Tindy physiological disorder By Mr. Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK MINFAL Islamabad (20)
49. Energy Sources ( Production of biodiesel from jatropha) A Series of Prese...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
Jatropha is a plant that can be used to produce biodiesel. Mr. Allah Dad Khan, an agriculture consultant and adviser from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, gave a presentation on jatropha production for biodiesel. The presentation discussed using jatropha to produce an alternative fuel source.
47. Energy Sources ( Jatropha oil as bio -diesel ) A Series of Presentation t...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
Jatropha oil has potential as a biodiesel source. Mr. Allah Dad Khan, an agriculture consultant and adviser in KPK Pakistan, gave a presentation on jatropha oil as bio diesel. The presentation discussed jatropha oil's viability as an alternative energy source for fuel.
36. Energy sources (Nuclear energy ) A Series of Presentation to Class By Mr...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
Nuclear energy is a promising source of clean energy that can help address energy demands and climate change issues. However, it also carries risks from radioactive waste and potential safety issues from accidents that must be carefully managed. Overall, if developed responsibly with strong safety protocols, nuclear power could make an important zero-carbon contribution to the global energy mix.
32. Energy Sources ( Energy sources the fuel) A Series of Presentation to ...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
The document discusses various sources of energy, dividing them into conventional and non-conventional sources. Conventional sources include fossil fuels like coal, petroleum and natural gas. These are used in thermal power plants to produce electricity. Hydro power plants use the kinetic energy of flowing water for electricity. Non-conventional sources include solar, wind, biomass, tidal, geothermal and nuclear energy. These provide alternatives to fossil fuels and many are renewable but also have challenges like cost, land use or waste disposal.
17. Energy sources ( Tidal energy waves facts) A Series of Presentation to ...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
Tidal energy has the potential to be a renewable source of energy. Mr. Allah Dad Khan, an agriculture consultant and adviser in KPK Pakistan, gave a presentation about tidal energy and waves. The presentation provided facts about harnessing the power of tides and waves for energy production.
15. Energy sources ( Fourteen main advantages and disadvantages of tidal en...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
Tidal energy is a renewable source of energy that harnesses the power of tides. It has several advantages, including being renewable as tides are driven by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun, being a green energy source that doesn't emit greenhouse gases, and having a predictable output. However, tidal energy also has disadvantages such as potentially impacting the environment, only being available when tides are surging for around 10 hours per day so requiring effective energy storage, and being an expensive new technology that is not yet cost-effective.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
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আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
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Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
3. Air Pollution
symptoms
• Another example of chemical
toxicity is damage from air
pollutants. Several gaseous air
pollutants can cause injury to
plants, including ozone and sulfur
dioxide. Ozone is produced when
components of
combustion/vehicle emissions
such as hydrocarbons and
nitrogen oxides react with oxygen
and sunlight to form ground level
ozone in the atmosphere. Its
effects on plants can be mistaken
for infectious diseases
4. Ozone Laayer
• Ozone can cause flecking
which could be mistaken for
mite injury. Ozone can also
cause bronzing, chlorosis , and
necrosis. Necrosis could be
mistaken for a leaf spot caused
by an infectious agent. In
conifers, injury can include
needle-banding and tip-burn
Air pollution levels are often
available from local
5. Soil Structure
• Soil structure determines the soil's ability to hold water,
nutrients, and oxygen and make them available to plants.
The most common issue related to soil structure is
compaction, which results in inadequate pore space for
root growth. Clay soils, with their smaller particle size, have
naturally smaller pore space and are at high risk for
becoming severely compacted. Compaction can occur from
a variety of sources including traffic (particularly heavy
farming or construction equipment) (Figure 1), raindrop
impact, tilling operations (plow layer), and minimal crop
rotation. Reduced water availability is an obvious
consequence of compaction as runoff occurs more
frequently in a compacted soil and available pore space to
hold water is limited
• symptoms
6. SoilpH
• Soil pH below 5.5 generally results in low
availability of calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and
phosphorus (P), and increased solubility of
aluminum (Al), iron (Fe), and boron (B). High
levels of these three nutrients in low soil pH are
common, and can induce toxicity symptoms in
plants. Soils with pH levels above 7.8 have a high
availability of Ca and Mg at the expense of P, B,
Fe, manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu).
Plants grown in these alkaline soils often have
deficiency symptoms to these nutrients
• symptoms
8. Calcium Deficiency
symptoms
• Calcium is important for the functioning
of cell membranes and the strength of
cell walls. Most calcium-related
disorders of crops are caused by
unfavourable growing conditions and
not by inadequate supply of calcium to
the roots. Rapidly growing crops in hot
windy conditions are most at risk.
Deficiencies can also develop when
cucumbers grow quickly under
continuously humid conditions, as in a
polyhouse. Other contributing factors
are waterlogging, soil salinity, high
potassium or ammonium supply, and
root disease
9. Boron Deficiency
symptoms
• Boron deficiency causes both leaf and fruit
symptoms. The main leaf symptoms are a
distortion of newer leaves (in severe cases
the growing point dies) and the appearance
of a broad yellow border at the margins of
the oldest leaves. Young fruit can die or
abort; abortion rates are high. The symptoms
of boron deficiency on mature fruit are
distinctive and include stunted development
and mottled yellow longitudinal streaks,
which develop into corky markings (scurfing)
along the skin. These symptoms are often
most severe near the blossom end of the
fruit. Similar symptoms can occur on fruit
grown in polyhouses with inadequate winter
heating. Developing and mature fruit can
taper and curve at the blossom end. The
proportion of pith to seed is often higher in
boron-deficient fruit.
Older leaves on boron deficient plants
develop a yellow border (top and left).
New leaves are distorted and appear
mottled
12. The phosphorous deficient plant (on the left) is stunted and has small, dark green, dull
leaves.
A healthy plant is on the right.
13. The oldest leaf of this stunted plant is bright yellow, but the leaf above it remains dark
green.
14. Iron Deficiency
Iron deficiency
• Iron is needed to produce
chlorophyll and to activate
several enzymes, especially those
involved in photosynthesis and
respiration. Deficiencies of iron
are more likely in alkaline or
calcareous soils, and can be
induced by over-liming, poor
drainage, or high concentrations
of metallic ions in the soil or
nutrient solution. Iron availability
decreases at pHs above 7.
Manganese toxicity can induce an
iron deficiency
15. Magnesium deficiency
• Magnesium deficiency
causes yellowing of older
leaves. The symptom begins
between the major veins,
which retain a narrow green
border. A light tan burn will
develop in the yellow
regions if the deficiency is
severe. Fruit yields are
reduced.
Yellowing and light tan burn on older leaves
of magnesium deficient plant (left) compared with
a healthy plant (right).
16. Manganese Deficiency
symptoms
• The function of manganese in the
plant is closely associated with
the function of iron, copper and
zinc as enzyme catalysts.
Manganese is needed for
photosynthesis, respiration and
nitrate assimilation. Deficiencies
are more likely in calcareous or
alkaline soils, or over-limed soils;
availability is high in acidic soils.
• The veins of middle to upper
leaves of manganese-deficient
plants appear green against the
mottled pale green to yellow of
the blade.
18. Nitrogen Deficiency
Symptoms
• Most plants need nitrogen in
large amounts. It is generally
considered to drive plant
growth, probably because its
supply is often limiting. A
shortage of nitrogen reduces
the plant's capacity to trap
energy through
photosynthesis. Nitrogen is
required in the production of
chlorophyll (the green pigment
in leaves), which is responsible
for converting sunlight to
usable plant energy
19. Phosphorus Deficiency
symptoms
• Phosphorus-deficient plants have
weak roots, are stunted, and
produce small, dark, dull, grey-
green leaves. The oldest leaf, at
the base of the shoot, turns
bright yellow. However, unlike
nitrogen deficiency, the leaf
directly above this leaf remains
dark green. Brown patches
appear between the veins on
mature leaves. These become
scorched and spread until the leaf
dies prematurely. Fruit set is
reduced and so production is
impaired.
The phosphorous deficient plant
(on the left) is stunted and has
small, dark green, dull leaves.
A healthy plant is on the right.
21. Zinc Toxicity
symptoms
• Zinc toxicity causes a pale
green chlorosis of newer
leaves. If toxicity is severe,
pinhead-sized light-brown
spots may appear between
the veins. Older leaves may
wilt and appear dull. All
leaves are a lighter green
than is normal
Where there is excess zinc, the older leaf (on
the left) appears dull. The younger leaf is pale
green with pinhole-sized light brown spots
between the veins
22. Potassium Deficiency
symptoms
• Potassium deficiency causes yellowing
and scorching of older leaves. These
symptoms begin at the margins of the
leaf and spread between the veins
towards its centre. Large areas of tissue
around the major veins remain green
until the disorder is well advanced. A
brown scorch develops in the yellow
areas and spreads until the leaf is dry
and papery. As each leaf dies, others
further up the shoot develop the same
symptoms. These symptoms can
develop rapidly in hot weather. Fruit
may not expand fully at the stem end,
although they look swollen at the tip
end, a symptom that is also caused by
water stress.
23. Salt Injury
symptoms
• Plants grown under saline conditions,
where the soil or growing medium has
high electrical conductivity (EC), are
stunted and produce dark green, dull,
leathery leaves that are prone to
wilting. A narrow band of yellow
necrotic tissue is often present on leaf
edges. This can affect leaf expansion,
causing a slight downward cupping of
the leaf. After a serious water stress,
the oldest leaves may develop a
uniform pale green chlorosis and small
necrotic areas within the leaf. If water
supply is maintained, leaves may only
develop a band of pale green tissue
around their edges. Plants are likely to
wilt in warm weather
25. Chloride Toxicity
symptoms
• Cucumbers are moderately
sensitive to chloride. Chloride
salts are common in the soil or
groundwater in areas on
Wianamatta Shale (for example,
around Glenorie and Blacktown in
NSW). Chloride is also present in
fertilisers, such as muriate of
potash (potassium chloride). Do
not use these fertilisers if salt is a
problem. Chloride toxicity
reduces plant vigour and causes
yellowing and scorching of leaf
margins, and premature leaf fall
Band of pale green tissue around the leaf
margin with some edge scorching associated
with 3% chloride in tissue