This document proposes a hypothesis for a targeted drug delivery system to reduce scarring after glaucoma surgery. It suggests encapsulating the antifibrotic drug mitomycin C (MMC) in LDL receptor-targeting chitosan nanoparticles. These nanoparticles could be delivered via hyaluronic acid film to activated human Tenon's capsule fibroblasts at the surgical site, which overexpress the LDL receptor. This would allow the MMC to be taken up by the targeted cells via receptor-mediated endocytosis, reducing toxicity while increasing effectiveness in preventing excessive scarring. Testing is needed to confirm the low cytotoxicity of the chitosan-based drug carrier and its ability to gradually release the nanoparticles at the surgical site. If
Novel Drug Delivery System An OverviewYogeshIJTSRD
In present scenario evolution of an existing drug molecule from a old form to a novel delivery system can significantly improve its performance in terms of patient compliance, safety and efficacy. In the form of a control drug delivery system an existing drug molecule can get a new life. An appropriately designed Novel Drug Delivery System can be a major advance for solving the problems related towards the release of the drug at specific site with specific rate. The porpuse for delivering drugs to patients efficiently and with fewer side effects has prompted pharmaceutical companies to engage in the development of new drug delivery system. This article covers the basic information regarding Novel Drug Delivery Systems and also advantages, factor etc. Chiranjit Barman | Dr. Gaurav Kumar Sharma | Dr. Kausal Kishore Chandrul "Novel Drug Delivery System: An Overview" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45068.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/novel-drug-delivery-sys/45068/novel-drug-delivery-system-an-overview/chiranjit-barman
This document provides an overview of drug targeting and targeted drug delivery systems. It defines key terms like target, carriers, and ligands. The advantages of drug targeting include minimizing toxicity and maximizing therapeutic effects. An ideal targeted delivery system is biochemically inert, physically and chemically stable, and provides controlled drug release at the target site. Paul Ehrlich's "magic bullet" concept involves using targeting moieties to direct drugs to specific cells. Targeting can be achieved through various carriers and moieties at different levels including passive, active, dual and combination targeting. Challenges include rapid clearance and immune reactions, but targeted systems aim to resolve problems of conventional drug administration like lack of specificity.
This document discusses drug targeting and delivery methods for treating tumors. It describes two main categories of drug targeting - passive and active. Passive targeting relies on physiological differences between normal and tumor tissues, while active targeting conjugates drugs to nanoparticles targeted to the tumor site. Several targeted therapy approaches are mentioned, including hormone therapy, signal transduction inhibitors, gene therapy, immunotherapy, and antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapy. Stimuli-responsive drug release mechanisms using pH, temperature, or enzyme differences in the tumor microenvironment are also discussed. Limitations and side effects of targeted therapies are outlined. The document concludes by discussing the potential for future targeted delivery systems aiming at multiple targets simultaneously.
1) The document discusses various barriers to targeting tumors including heterogeneity in blood flow within tumors and overexpression of efflux transporters in tumor cells.
2) It describes three main approaches to overcoming these barriers: passive targeting using the EPR effect, active targeting by attaching targeting ligands like antibodies, and physical targeting using stimuli like pH, temperature, or magnetic fields.
3) Examples are given of using each approach, such as pH-sensitive nanoparticles that degrade in the acidic tumor environment or magnetic drug targeting using nanoparticles guided by an external magnet.
application of nanaocarriers in delivery of biotechnologicalsAkshaymehetre231
This document discusses the application of nanocarriers in the delivery of biotechnologicals. It defines nanocarriers as colloidal particulate systems between 10-1000nm that have been used for diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of diseases. The document then classifies and describes various types of nanocarriers - nanocapsules, nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, nanosomes, dendrimers, nanotubes, and nanosuspensions. It provides examples of each type and discusses their applications in areas like cancer treatment, food/nutraceutical usage, and drug delivery through oral, parenteral, and other routes. The document concludes by listing references used for more information on pharmaceutical applications of these nanoparticulate
This document summarizes a study that compared the cancer targeting abilities of doxorubicin-loaded multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) functionalized with either estrone or folic acid. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments using breast cancer cells found that the estrone-functionalized nanotubes showed preferential uptake and greater antitumor activity compared to other formulations, likely due to overexpression of estrogen receptors on the cancer cells. Pharmacokinetic studies also confirmed increased cancer targeting of the ligand-functionalized MWCNTs. The estrone formulation in particular significantly extended survival time in a mouse model compared to free doxorubicin and a control group.
Nanoparticles have potential as drug carriers that fulfill attributes of Ehrlich's "magic bullet" concept by carrying drugs in a stable form to specific disease sites while avoiding non-specific interactions. They can be engineered for active or passive tumor targeting. Active targeting uses ligand-coupled nanoparticles that bind to receptors overexpressed on tumor cells, enhancing drug internalization and treatment efficacy through synergistic effects and bypassing multidrug resistance mechanisms. Passive targeting relies on nanoparticles accumulating in tumors through leaky vasculature via the enhanced permeation and retention effect. Together, active and passive targeting may improve drug delivery for cancer treatment.
This document discusses various strategies for targeting tumors, including passive and active targeting approaches. Passive targeting exploits the enhanced permeability and retention effect to preferentially deliver drug carriers to tumor tissues. Active targeting approaches conjugate targeting ligands like antibodies, peptides, vitamins and transferrin to carriers to recognize receptors overexpressed on cancer cells. Recent advances include molecular targeted therapies inhibiting key pathways, targeting tumor vasculature and angiogenesis, cancer immunotherapy, and multifunctional nanoparticle systems for combined diagnosis and therapy of cancer.
Novel Drug Delivery System An OverviewYogeshIJTSRD
In present scenario evolution of an existing drug molecule from a old form to a novel delivery system can significantly improve its performance in terms of patient compliance, safety and efficacy. In the form of a control drug delivery system an existing drug molecule can get a new life. An appropriately designed Novel Drug Delivery System can be a major advance for solving the problems related towards the release of the drug at specific site with specific rate. The porpuse for delivering drugs to patients efficiently and with fewer side effects has prompted pharmaceutical companies to engage in the development of new drug delivery system. This article covers the basic information regarding Novel Drug Delivery Systems and also advantages, factor etc. Chiranjit Barman | Dr. Gaurav Kumar Sharma | Dr. Kausal Kishore Chandrul "Novel Drug Delivery System: An Overview" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45068.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/novel-drug-delivery-sys/45068/novel-drug-delivery-system-an-overview/chiranjit-barman
This document provides an overview of drug targeting and targeted drug delivery systems. It defines key terms like target, carriers, and ligands. The advantages of drug targeting include minimizing toxicity and maximizing therapeutic effects. An ideal targeted delivery system is biochemically inert, physically and chemically stable, and provides controlled drug release at the target site. Paul Ehrlich's "magic bullet" concept involves using targeting moieties to direct drugs to specific cells. Targeting can be achieved through various carriers and moieties at different levels including passive, active, dual and combination targeting. Challenges include rapid clearance and immune reactions, but targeted systems aim to resolve problems of conventional drug administration like lack of specificity.
This document discusses drug targeting and delivery methods for treating tumors. It describes two main categories of drug targeting - passive and active. Passive targeting relies on physiological differences between normal and tumor tissues, while active targeting conjugates drugs to nanoparticles targeted to the tumor site. Several targeted therapy approaches are mentioned, including hormone therapy, signal transduction inhibitors, gene therapy, immunotherapy, and antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapy. Stimuli-responsive drug release mechanisms using pH, temperature, or enzyme differences in the tumor microenvironment are also discussed. Limitations and side effects of targeted therapies are outlined. The document concludes by discussing the potential for future targeted delivery systems aiming at multiple targets simultaneously.
1) The document discusses various barriers to targeting tumors including heterogeneity in blood flow within tumors and overexpression of efflux transporters in tumor cells.
2) It describes three main approaches to overcoming these barriers: passive targeting using the EPR effect, active targeting by attaching targeting ligands like antibodies, and physical targeting using stimuli like pH, temperature, or magnetic fields.
3) Examples are given of using each approach, such as pH-sensitive nanoparticles that degrade in the acidic tumor environment or magnetic drug targeting using nanoparticles guided by an external magnet.
application of nanaocarriers in delivery of biotechnologicalsAkshaymehetre231
This document discusses the application of nanocarriers in the delivery of biotechnologicals. It defines nanocarriers as colloidal particulate systems between 10-1000nm that have been used for diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of diseases. The document then classifies and describes various types of nanocarriers - nanocapsules, nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, nanosomes, dendrimers, nanotubes, and nanosuspensions. It provides examples of each type and discusses their applications in areas like cancer treatment, food/nutraceutical usage, and drug delivery through oral, parenteral, and other routes. The document concludes by listing references used for more information on pharmaceutical applications of these nanoparticulate
This document summarizes a study that compared the cancer targeting abilities of doxorubicin-loaded multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) functionalized with either estrone or folic acid. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments using breast cancer cells found that the estrone-functionalized nanotubes showed preferential uptake and greater antitumor activity compared to other formulations, likely due to overexpression of estrogen receptors on the cancer cells. Pharmacokinetic studies also confirmed increased cancer targeting of the ligand-functionalized MWCNTs. The estrone formulation in particular significantly extended survival time in a mouse model compared to free doxorubicin and a control group.
Nanoparticles have potential as drug carriers that fulfill attributes of Ehrlich's "magic bullet" concept by carrying drugs in a stable form to specific disease sites while avoiding non-specific interactions. They can be engineered for active or passive tumor targeting. Active targeting uses ligand-coupled nanoparticles that bind to receptors overexpressed on tumor cells, enhancing drug internalization and treatment efficacy through synergistic effects and bypassing multidrug resistance mechanisms. Passive targeting relies on nanoparticles accumulating in tumors through leaky vasculature via the enhanced permeation and retention effect. Together, active and passive targeting may improve drug delivery for cancer treatment.
This document discusses various strategies for targeting tumors, including passive and active targeting approaches. Passive targeting exploits the enhanced permeability and retention effect to preferentially deliver drug carriers to tumor tissues. Active targeting approaches conjugate targeting ligands like antibodies, peptides, vitamins and transferrin to carriers to recognize receptors overexpressed on cancer cells. Recent advances include molecular targeted therapies inhibiting key pathways, targeting tumor vasculature and angiogenesis, cancer immunotherapy, and multifunctional nanoparticle systems for combined diagnosis and therapy of cancer.
The document discusses concepts, events, and biological processes involved in drug targeting. It defines drug targeting as selectively delivering pharmacologically active drugs to identified targets in therapeutic concentrations while restricting access to non-targets to minimize toxicity. It describes various strategies for drug targeting including chemical modifications, carrier-mediated delivery, and active targeting. It also outlines biological processes involved like cellular uptake, transport across epithelial barriers, extravasation into tissues, and lymphatic uptake that influence drug distribution. The presentation emphasizes how targeted delivery can improve efficacy and safety of drug therapy especially for cancer.
Intrauterine & Intravaginal Drug Delivery SystemPRASHANT DEORE
This document discusses intrauterine and intravaginal drug delivery systems. It begins with an introduction and overview of anatomy and physiology of the female reproductive system. It then describes various types of intravaginal drug delivery systems including suppositories, bioadhesive semisolids, elastomeric rings, and solid polymeric carriers. Factors affecting vaginal drug absorption are also discussed. The document concludes by describing intrauterine drug delivery systems including non-hormonal and hormonal IUDs, and discussing advantages and disadvantages of both intravaginal and intrauterine systems.
In recent years, robustness and surface engineering of dosage form made improvement in pharmacokinetics with decrease in dose of drug. Specificity with adherence of ligands has now become the reality as surface modifi cation can easily deceive phagocytic system. Lipid molecules ensures the
release of drug at lymphatic system, entrapment of polymeric nanoparticles in lipoidal core led to the
avoidance of disadvantage of low entrapment effi ciency if use of hydrophobic drug with hydrophobic polymer becomes essential. Various studies have been published and the best formulations with optimal In vitro and In vivo results are highlighted in this paper. In this review most advanced researches and accepted patents were discussed so to act as a medium for getting everything regarding lipid polymer hybrid particles under one umbrella.
This document provides an overview of targeted drug delivery systems. It discusses the reasons for targeted delivery to increase therapeutic effects and reduce toxicity. The ideal properties of targeted delivery carriers and approaches are described. The document outlines different carrier types including vesicular, particulate, cellular, polymeric, and macromolecular systems. It discusses levels of targeting including passive, active, dual and combination approaches. Active targeting can be achieved through ligand-mediated or physical approaches. The document provides examples to illustrate different targeting strategies and carrier types. In summary, it comprehensively reviews concepts and components of targeted drug delivery systems.
Targeted drug delivery systems aim to increase the concentration of drugs in specific tissues while reducing side effects. The document discusses various drug delivery carrier technologies including lipid-based carriers like liposomes, polymer-based carriers, inorganic nanoparticles, magnetic particles, nucleic acid/peptide carriers, and cell-based delivery systems. It also covers the technology value chain and key innovations in targeted delivery systems for diseases like cancer and neurological disorders. While targeted delivery offers advantages, challenges remain around costs, long-term effects, and developing multi-pronged targeting approaches.
This document discusses barriers to drug delivery and methods to overcome them. It outlines the main physiological barriers like the blood-brain barrier, intestinal epithelium, and skin. Biochemical barriers include metabolizing enzymes and efflux pumps. Chemical barriers relate to a drug's physicochemical properties like solubility and ionization. Methods to enhance delivery involve physical techniques like ultrasound and chemical approaches like absorption enhancers. New drug delivery systems using formulations with nanoparticles, liposomes, and prodrugs aim to improve transport across barriers and bioavailability of pharmaceutical agents.
Polymer-drug conjugates are a novel class of nanocarriers for drug delivery, which can protect the drug from premature degradation, prevent the drug from premature interaction with the biological environment and enhance the absorption of the drugs into tissues (by enhanced permeability and retention effect or active targeting).
Polymer-drug conjugates are often considered as new chemical entities (NCEs) owing to a distinct pharmacokinetic profile from that of the parent drug.
Conjugation of a drug with a polymer forms so-called ‘Polymeric Prodrug’.
Monoclonal antibodies generated against specific antigens can selectively deliver cytotoxic drugs to cancer cells when conjugated, minimizing damage to normal cells. This allows targeted drug delivery for more effective cancer chemotherapy. The objective of drug targeting is to use a carrier system like monoclonal antibodies to deliver drugs specifically to the site of action. Monoclonal antibodies show promise as drug carriers due to their high specificity for antigens on targeted cells.
Monoclonal antibodies as drug targeting particulate carrier systemKrutika Pardeshi
This document discusses monoclonal antibodies as a drug targeting system using particulate carriers. It begins by defining targeted drug delivery as selectively delivering medication to the site of action to increase efficacy and reduce side effects. It then describes the components of targeted delivery systems including the target, carrier, and markers. Monoclonal antibodies are introduced as carriers that can specifically recognize antigen epitopes. The production of monoclonal antibodies via cell fusion and hybridoma selection is summarized. Applications of monoclonal antibody-drug conjugates are provided along with advantages like specificity and FDA-approved examples. The document concludes by listing references used.
Novel drug delivery system nanotechnologyShamal Ghosh
This presentation discusses novel drug delivery systems using nanotechnology. It begins by introducing drug delivery and targeted drug delivery. It then discusses nanotechnology and some fields that use nanotechnology, such as medicine, energy, information and communication, and heavy industries. The presentation goes on to describe dendrimers, liposomes, and micelles as nanocarriers for drug delivery and their mechanisms. It discusses how these nanocarriers can improve drug solubility, stability, targeting ability, and reduce toxicity for delivering drugs to treat diseases.
Nanoparticles based drug delivery systems for treatment ofaisha rauf
The document discusses nanoparticles for targeting intracellular bacterial infections. It notes that some bacteria can survive and replicate inside cells, avoiding immune responses, making them difficult to treat. Nanoparticles can selectively target and destroy pathogenic bacteria by encapsulating antimicrobial drugs and releasing them at the site of infection. Various types of nanoparticles are investigated for drug delivery, including polymeric nanoparticles, hydrogels, lipid nanoparticles, and metal nanoparticles like gold. Nanoparticles show promise for overcoming antibiotic resistance and improving treatment of intracellular bacterial infections.
Nanoparticulate drug delivery system : recent advancesGayatriTiwaskar
Nanoparticulate drug-delivery systems (NPDDSs) are being explored for the purpose of solving the challenges of drug delivery. Most carriers are less than 100 nm in diameter and provide methods for targeting and releasing therapeutic compounds in defined regions.
These vehicles have the potential to eliminate or ameliorate many problems associated with drug distribution, precipitation at high concentrations, and toxicity issues with excipients. Many NPDDSs provide both hydrophobic and hydrophilic environments to facilitate drug solubility.
The document discusses various types of NPDDS like oral, pulmonary, topical, and parenteral systems. It also reviews formulation methods like emulsion, polymerization,
Niosomes: An excellent tool for drug deliverypharmaindexing
This document summarizes niosomes, which are non-ionic surfactant vesicles that can be used as drug delivery carriers. Niosomes have advantages over liposomes such as being more stable and less expensive to produce. The document discusses the composition of niosomes, methods for preparing niosomes, types of niosomes including multilamellar vesicles and unilamellar vesicles, and how niosomes can improve drug delivery by controlling drug release kinetics and targeting drug delivery.
This document provides an overview of targeted drug delivery systems. It begins with definitions of targeted drug delivery as selectively delivering medication to its site of action to increase concentration there relative to other tissues. The document then discusses the concept and rational for targeted delivery, ideal characteristics, advantages, disadvantages, and various strategies and types of targeted systems. These include passive targeting utilizing the body's natural biodistribution, active targeting using functionalized carriers, and types of carriers like liposomes, dendrimers, nanotubes, and nanocrystals.
Nanoparticles targetted drug delivery systemshashankc10
This document discusses different types of nanoparticles used for pharmaceutical applications. It begins by defining nanoparticles as structures between 1-100 nm in size. It then discusses various types of nanoparticles including solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs), and nanocrystals. SLNs are described as 10-1000 nm particles composed of solid lipids and surfactants that can encapsulate both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs. PNPs are similarly sized particles composed of polymeric matrices that can encapsulate or absorb drugs. The document discusses various pharmaceutical applications of these nanoparticles including cancer therapy, drug delivery, and increased drug solubility.
This document discusses nanoparticles for drug delivery. It begins with an introduction to nanoparticles and their goals in drug delivery. It then describes different types of nanoparticles including solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and polymeric nanoparticles. The document provides details on the composition, size and applications of SLNs and polymeric nanoparticles. It discusses methods for preparing SLNs and polymeric nanoparticles and provides examples of their use in cancer therapy, vaccines, and other therapeutic applications.
This document provides an overview of targeted drug delivery systems. It discusses the ideal characteristics of targeted systems including being nontoxic and allowing controlled drug release at the target site. The main advantages are reducing toxicity by delivering drugs only to the intended site and using smaller doses. Carriers like polymers, liposomes and dendrimers can be used to selectively target drugs. Strategies include passive, active and ligand-mediated targeting. Various nanotechnology approaches are also described like nanotubes, nanoshells and nanobots that aim to more precisely deliver drugs.
These slides use concepts from my (Jeff Funk) course entitled analyzing hi-tech opportunities to show how nanotechnology for drug deliver is becoming economically feasible.
Targeted Drug Delivery System Using NanoparticlesSelf
Targeted drug delivery, also known as smart drug delivery, is a method of treatment that involves the increase in medicament in one or few body parts in comparison to others.
The document outlines various digital marketing services including search engine marketing (SEM), search engine optimization (SEO), and social media marketing (SMM). It describes SEM tactics like search ads and content network ads. For SEO, it explains why it is important and lists activities like article creation and link building. SMM services involve optimizing profiles on networks like Facebook, Twitter, and video/photo sharing sites. The document provides recommendations on how to engage audiences and examples of video and article optimization.
Udaan Ghar is a shelter home for underprivileged girls located in Mumbai, India. It was initiated in 2003 to provide a healthy, secure environment for girls at risk from streets and broken families. Currently, the shelter houses 6 girls between the ages of 5 to 14 years. Activities at the shelter include counseling, education, skills training, and workshops to support the holistic development of the girls. The goal is to empower the girls and help reunite them with their families if possible.
The document discusses concepts, events, and biological processes involved in drug targeting. It defines drug targeting as selectively delivering pharmacologically active drugs to identified targets in therapeutic concentrations while restricting access to non-targets to minimize toxicity. It describes various strategies for drug targeting including chemical modifications, carrier-mediated delivery, and active targeting. It also outlines biological processes involved like cellular uptake, transport across epithelial barriers, extravasation into tissues, and lymphatic uptake that influence drug distribution. The presentation emphasizes how targeted delivery can improve efficacy and safety of drug therapy especially for cancer.
Intrauterine & Intravaginal Drug Delivery SystemPRASHANT DEORE
This document discusses intrauterine and intravaginal drug delivery systems. It begins with an introduction and overview of anatomy and physiology of the female reproductive system. It then describes various types of intravaginal drug delivery systems including suppositories, bioadhesive semisolids, elastomeric rings, and solid polymeric carriers. Factors affecting vaginal drug absorption are also discussed. The document concludes by describing intrauterine drug delivery systems including non-hormonal and hormonal IUDs, and discussing advantages and disadvantages of both intravaginal and intrauterine systems.
In recent years, robustness and surface engineering of dosage form made improvement in pharmacokinetics with decrease in dose of drug. Specificity with adherence of ligands has now become the reality as surface modifi cation can easily deceive phagocytic system. Lipid molecules ensures the
release of drug at lymphatic system, entrapment of polymeric nanoparticles in lipoidal core led to the
avoidance of disadvantage of low entrapment effi ciency if use of hydrophobic drug with hydrophobic polymer becomes essential. Various studies have been published and the best formulations with optimal In vitro and In vivo results are highlighted in this paper. In this review most advanced researches and accepted patents were discussed so to act as a medium for getting everything regarding lipid polymer hybrid particles under one umbrella.
This document provides an overview of targeted drug delivery systems. It discusses the reasons for targeted delivery to increase therapeutic effects and reduce toxicity. The ideal properties of targeted delivery carriers and approaches are described. The document outlines different carrier types including vesicular, particulate, cellular, polymeric, and macromolecular systems. It discusses levels of targeting including passive, active, dual and combination approaches. Active targeting can be achieved through ligand-mediated or physical approaches. The document provides examples to illustrate different targeting strategies and carrier types. In summary, it comprehensively reviews concepts and components of targeted drug delivery systems.
Targeted drug delivery systems aim to increase the concentration of drugs in specific tissues while reducing side effects. The document discusses various drug delivery carrier technologies including lipid-based carriers like liposomes, polymer-based carriers, inorganic nanoparticles, magnetic particles, nucleic acid/peptide carriers, and cell-based delivery systems. It also covers the technology value chain and key innovations in targeted delivery systems for diseases like cancer and neurological disorders. While targeted delivery offers advantages, challenges remain around costs, long-term effects, and developing multi-pronged targeting approaches.
This document discusses barriers to drug delivery and methods to overcome them. It outlines the main physiological barriers like the blood-brain barrier, intestinal epithelium, and skin. Biochemical barriers include metabolizing enzymes and efflux pumps. Chemical barriers relate to a drug's physicochemical properties like solubility and ionization. Methods to enhance delivery involve physical techniques like ultrasound and chemical approaches like absorption enhancers. New drug delivery systems using formulations with nanoparticles, liposomes, and prodrugs aim to improve transport across barriers and bioavailability of pharmaceutical agents.
Polymer-drug conjugates are a novel class of nanocarriers for drug delivery, which can protect the drug from premature degradation, prevent the drug from premature interaction with the biological environment and enhance the absorption of the drugs into tissues (by enhanced permeability and retention effect or active targeting).
Polymer-drug conjugates are often considered as new chemical entities (NCEs) owing to a distinct pharmacokinetic profile from that of the parent drug.
Conjugation of a drug with a polymer forms so-called ‘Polymeric Prodrug’.
Monoclonal antibodies generated against specific antigens can selectively deliver cytotoxic drugs to cancer cells when conjugated, minimizing damage to normal cells. This allows targeted drug delivery for more effective cancer chemotherapy. The objective of drug targeting is to use a carrier system like monoclonal antibodies to deliver drugs specifically to the site of action. Monoclonal antibodies show promise as drug carriers due to their high specificity for antigens on targeted cells.
Monoclonal antibodies as drug targeting particulate carrier systemKrutika Pardeshi
This document discusses monoclonal antibodies as a drug targeting system using particulate carriers. It begins by defining targeted drug delivery as selectively delivering medication to the site of action to increase efficacy and reduce side effects. It then describes the components of targeted delivery systems including the target, carrier, and markers. Monoclonal antibodies are introduced as carriers that can specifically recognize antigen epitopes. The production of monoclonal antibodies via cell fusion and hybridoma selection is summarized. Applications of monoclonal antibody-drug conjugates are provided along with advantages like specificity and FDA-approved examples. The document concludes by listing references used.
Novel drug delivery system nanotechnologyShamal Ghosh
This presentation discusses novel drug delivery systems using nanotechnology. It begins by introducing drug delivery and targeted drug delivery. It then discusses nanotechnology and some fields that use nanotechnology, such as medicine, energy, information and communication, and heavy industries. The presentation goes on to describe dendrimers, liposomes, and micelles as nanocarriers for drug delivery and their mechanisms. It discusses how these nanocarriers can improve drug solubility, stability, targeting ability, and reduce toxicity for delivering drugs to treat diseases.
Nanoparticles based drug delivery systems for treatment ofaisha rauf
The document discusses nanoparticles for targeting intracellular bacterial infections. It notes that some bacteria can survive and replicate inside cells, avoiding immune responses, making them difficult to treat. Nanoparticles can selectively target and destroy pathogenic bacteria by encapsulating antimicrobial drugs and releasing them at the site of infection. Various types of nanoparticles are investigated for drug delivery, including polymeric nanoparticles, hydrogels, lipid nanoparticles, and metal nanoparticles like gold. Nanoparticles show promise for overcoming antibiotic resistance and improving treatment of intracellular bacterial infections.
Nanoparticulate drug delivery system : recent advancesGayatriTiwaskar
Nanoparticulate drug-delivery systems (NPDDSs) are being explored for the purpose of solving the challenges of drug delivery. Most carriers are less than 100 nm in diameter and provide methods for targeting and releasing therapeutic compounds in defined regions.
These vehicles have the potential to eliminate or ameliorate many problems associated with drug distribution, precipitation at high concentrations, and toxicity issues with excipients. Many NPDDSs provide both hydrophobic and hydrophilic environments to facilitate drug solubility.
The document discusses various types of NPDDS like oral, pulmonary, topical, and parenteral systems. It also reviews formulation methods like emulsion, polymerization,
Niosomes: An excellent tool for drug deliverypharmaindexing
This document summarizes niosomes, which are non-ionic surfactant vesicles that can be used as drug delivery carriers. Niosomes have advantages over liposomes such as being more stable and less expensive to produce. The document discusses the composition of niosomes, methods for preparing niosomes, types of niosomes including multilamellar vesicles and unilamellar vesicles, and how niosomes can improve drug delivery by controlling drug release kinetics and targeting drug delivery.
This document provides an overview of targeted drug delivery systems. It begins with definitions of targeted drug delivery as selectively delivering medication to its site of action to increase concentration there relative to other tissues. The document then discusses the concept and rational for targeted delivery, ideal characteristics, advantages, disadvantages, and various strategies and types of targeted systems. These include passive targeting utilizing the body's natural biodistribution, active targeting using functionalized carriers, and types of carriers like liposomes, dendrimers, nanotubes, and nanocrystals.
Nanoparticles targetted drug delivery systemshashankc10
This document discusses different types of nanoparticles used for pharmaceutical applications. It begins by defining nanoparticles as structures between 1-100 nm in size. It then discusses various types of nanoparticles including solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs), and nanocrystals. SLNs are described as 10-1000 nm particles composed of solid lipids and surfactants that can encapsulate both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs. PNPs are similarly sized particles composed of polymeric matrices that can encapsulate or absorb drugs. The document discusses various pharmaceutical applications of these nanoparticles including cancer therapy, drug delivery, and increased drug solubility.
This document discusses nanoparticles for drug delivery. It begins with an introduction to nanoparticles and their goals in drug delivery. It then describes different types of nanoparticles including solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and polymeric nanoparticles. The document provides details on the composition, size and applications of SLNs and polymeric nanoparticles. It discusses methods for preparing SLNs and polymeric nanoparticles and provides examples of their use in cancer therapy, vaccines, and other therapeutic applications.
This document provides an overview of targeted drug delivery systems. It discusses the ideal characteristics of targeted systems including being nontoxic and allowing controlled drug release at the target site. The main advantages are reducing toxicity by delivering drugs only to the intended site and using smaller doses. Carriers like polymers, liposomes and dendrimers can be used to selectively target drugs. Strategies include passive, active and ligand-mediated targeting. Various nanotechnology approaches are also described like nanotubes, nanoshells and nanobots that aim to more precisely deliver drugs.
These slides use concepts from my (Jeff Funk) course entitled analyzing hi-tech opportunities to show how nanotechnology for drug deliver is becoming economically feasible.
Targeted Drug Delivery System Using NanoparticlesSelf
Targeted drug delivery, also known as smart drug delivery, is a method of treatment that involves the increase in medicament in one or few body parts in comparison to others.
The document outlines various digital marketing services including search engine marketing (SEM), search engine optimization (SEO), and social media marketing (SMM). It describes SEM tactics like search ads and content network ads. For SEO, it explains why it is important and lists activities like article creation and link building. SMM services involve optimizing profiles on networks like Facebook, Twitter, and video/photo sharing sites. The document provides recommendations on how to engage audiences and examples of video and article optimization.
Udaan Ghar is a shelter home for underprivileged girls located in Mumbai, India. It was initiated in 2003 to provide a healthy, secure environment for girls at risk from streets and broken families. Currently, the shelter houses 6 girls between the ages of 5 to 14 years. Activities at the shelter include counseling, education, skills training, and workshops to support the holistic development of the girls. The goal is to empower the girls and help reunite them with their families if possible.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like depression and anxiety.
The document provides information on trends in the Indian pharmaceutical sector. It notes that Indian pharmaceutical companies are increasing spending on research and development to develop new drugs. Exports of pharmaceutical products from India have grown significantly in recent years and are expected to exceed USD15 billion in 2015, as Indian companies have a strong presence in the generics market. The top four pharmaceutical firms in India by revenue - Dr. Reddy's, Lupin, Cipla and Aurobindo - account for over 20% of the domestic market share. Anti-infective drugs represent the largest segment of the Indian pharmaceutical market. Exports and domestic sales have increased the size of the Indian pharmaceutical market to USD36.7 billion in 2016.
This document discusses ethical marketing strategies for overseas markets. It covers key aspects of the marketing mix for domestic vs international markets, including differences in the business environment, competition, and planning. It emphasizes that the marketing mix of the "eight Ps" - product, price, place, promotion, people, process, physical evidence, and philosophy - must reflect the wants and needs of target customers. The marketing strategy outlined focuses on thorough market research, developing a mix that satisfies customers and achieves corporate goals, and ensuring an ethical approach.
DIA 2014 Marketing Pharmaceuticals Conf Marketing in Age of ObamaDale Cooke
This is my portion of the session I led at the DIA 2014 Marketing Pharmaceuticals Conference about the impact of some of the recent legislative changes on people responsible for marketing pharmaceuticals in the United States.
A Digital Marketing Ecosystem for PharmaceuticalsSandeep Bhat
The document discusses the need for pharmaceutical companies to adopt an integrated digital marketing platform and ecosystem to engage with customers across online channels in a consistent manner. It notes that digital spending has surpassed print spending and that existing digital efforts are fragmented. The proposed solution is a shared services platform that allows for multi-channel communication, centralized metrics, and significant cost savings. It provides examples of how social media can be leveraged in the pharmaceutical industry for education, support, and sales purposes despite regulatory challenges.
- Pharma Group represents innovative pharmaceutical companies in Vietnam and aims to ensure Vietnamese people have access to high-quality medicines.
- Vietnam faces challenges like low healthcare access in some areas, overburdened infrastructure, and an underdeveloped local pharmaceutical industry. However, opportunities exist from healthcare reforms, trade agreements, and an emerging ASEAN market.
- Pharma Group recommends clarifying regulations to allow foreign-invested pharmaceutical enterprises to import, distribute, and market medicines in Vietnam, in line with WTO commitments. This would boost investment and access to innovative treatments for Vietnamese patients.
The document provides an overview of the Vietnam healthcare market. It discusses opportunities in the growing hospital sector, including potential partnerships between local and foreign companies. It also outlines opportunities in pharmaceuticals and medical devices, noting Vietnam's goal of becoming a regional production hub by 2020. The private hospital sector is expanding due to government policies promoting privatization and foreign investment in healthcare infrastructure.
The Dark Side Of Digital Strategy: Cyberwarfare, Porn & Telegraphs [SFW]Oliver Woods
The document discusses lessons that can be learned from the history and innovation of porn, cyberwarfare, and the telegraph for digital strategists. It notes that porn was an early adopter of content strategies, adapting to new technologies, and continues to innovate. Similarly, cyberwarfare against Iran demonstrates new exploitation techniques and mass targeting of specific audiences. Although the telegraph is now obsolete, it originally revolutionized communication and had a large female workforce, showing technology fields were once more diverse. The document advocates learning from early adopters and not pretending current strategies are entirely novel.
This document summarizes an intelligent business software solution called the Pharma CRM Accelerator from Data Communication. The solution is designed to drive sales and marketing excellence in the pharmaceutical sector. It provides a customer-centric and multi-channel solution built on the Microsoft Dynamics CRM platform. The solution offers pre-built functionality covering pharmaceutical industry best practices that can be customized. It gives customers the freedom to choose their solution model and licensing options. The solution aims to provide the best total cost of ownership through its flexible pricing and leveraging of existing Microsoft expertise and investments.
Vietnam Pharmaceutical Industry And Investment StrategyVinh Nguyen
The document analyzes the Vietnam pharmaceutical industry through a SWOT analysis and discusses key factors such as market size, growth, segmentation, and the top 20 corporate market shares. Some of the industry's strengths include a large population with significant growth potential and a commitment by the government to develop the health sector. However, weaknesses include an underdeveloped primary care system and barriers such as a lack of freedom for foreign companies to operate. The market size has grown substantially in recent years but per capita spending on drugs remains relatively low compared to other Asian countries.
A press conference can be a great way to leverage a new initiative or major announcement, but it takes a lot more than a great topic to be successful. Learn tips on formatting, scheduling, who to invite, and how to properly follow-up post event. This presentation was given at the Ad Council of Rochester's Nonprofit Workshop on May 6, 2014.
South East Asia Pharmaceutical Markets Jamie Davies October 2014jamiedavies12345
The document discusses trends in the pharmaceutical market in Southeast Asia. It forecasts strong growth in the region but identifies risks like protectionism, intellectual property issues, and pricing and reimbursement challenges. The economy is expected to outperform globally and universal healthcare is becoming more politically important. Companies need region-specific strategies given the diversity across Southeast Asian markets that are undergoing economic and regulatory integration.
First Alliances' Vietnam Salary Guide is a compilation of 2016 market salary information provided by our consultants, clients, candidates and other sources across industries in Vietnam.
An introductory overview of healthcare across South East Asia and a look at the growing healthcare trends across the region.
Download the presentation by clicking the "Save this presentation" icon above.
This document discusses a marketing plan for Enbrel, a drug produced by Wyeth to treat psoriasis. It provides an overview of Wyeth, describes Enbrel and the psoriasis market in Egypt. It analyzes Enbrel's market share and position, performs a SWOT analysis, and discusses segmentation of the psoriasis market in Egypt. The plan suggests an awareness campaign to educate physicians, insurers and others on benefits of Enbrel to improve patients' quality of life and allow them to meet needs beyond just basic physiological requirements.
Pharmaceutical marketing plan case studyMohamed Magdy
Pharmaceutical Marketing Plan Case Study
I can challenge you will never see such fully fledged Pharmaceutical Marketing Plan Case Study in the internet for FREE as I did in this case study!
Click here to ENJOY it: http://www.guerrillamarketer.com/pharmaceutical-marketing-plan-case-study/
The Development And Application Of Polymeric Micelles In The Tumor Targeted D...yunpengfeng
1) Polymeric micelles are 10-100 nm nanoparticles composed of amphiphilic block copolymers with a hydrophobic inner core for drug loading and a hydrophilic outer shell that allows circulation in the bloodstream.
2) Drugs can be loaded into polymeric micelles using various methods and released slowly via degradation of the polymer matrix or diffusion.
3) Polymeric micelles accumulate in tumors through the enhanced permeability and retention effect and can be actively targeted using ligands for receptors on cancer or endothelial cells.
ENHANCED ACTIVITY OF ANTIBIOTICS BY LIPOSOMAL DRUG DELIVERYantjjournal
Liposome are the most widely used and the most extensively marketed nano-formulation that is being manufactured by pharmaceutical industries. Liposome can be modified in different size and structure. Conjugation of ligend with liposome surface increase the target specificity and changes the pharmacokinetic distribution of encapsulated drug. Different methods of preparation can
produce different types of liposomes. Many marketed formulations are available as liposome and
has proved to be more useful than the conventional formulations. Antibiotics of different classes such as quinolones, aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, cephalosporins, retroviral, macrolides and polypeptides are associated with the shortcomings of drug toxicities, lower bioavailability as well
as bacterial resistance. A proper drug delivery system can circumvent these drawbacks. The liposome can prove to be a big stride towards abolishment of these drawbacks. The disadvantage associated with this novel delivery system should also be understood and prevented by means of proper scientific methods for a betterment of human health and society.
Sonogenetic Locale Specific Activation of Universal Vectors for Xenobiotics -...Nejc Draganjec
The final goal of the project is to develop “BioBrick” for liposome produced by means of synthetic biology, that
has a construct for disintegration embedded in its membrane. Xenobiotic packaged in a liposome is not part
of pharmacodynamics since it is biologically unavailable. Which makes liposomes interesting candidates for
universal drug delivery vectors. In our case, liposome disintegration is initiated by non-invasive sonic signal
and carried out by a construct of a sensor and an active part embedded in a membrane. Sensor part of a
construct is mechanoreceptor/mechanotransducer which activates protein representing the active part of a
construct. After activation, active part carries out the dissolution of a compartmentalization function by means
of total disintegration of vector or only membrane perforation. After an opening of a vector, previously packed
xenobiotic becomes locally available with a high concentration in locale and thus high effect and low systemic
concentration and thus smaller chance of side effect. This approach is very specific for both, time and space
factors and at the same time has a very broad area of potential biomedical applications. Vector would be, in
a hypothetical scenario of practical use in oncology, first packed with chemotherapeutics/biological drugs,
administered intravenously and then medical staff would have an option of drug activation in specific locations.
Activation is very precise and at the same time offers an option of easy switching among many different
targets, for example between dominant tumor to many potential metastasis. Since location of activation is
not tied to biomarker, but rather takes advantage of other rapidly developing medical technologies, vector
remains universally and directly applicable for any patient and for a broad spectrum of pathologies in fields of
oncology (chemotherapeutics/biological drugs and other payloads, like local immune response enhancers),
autoimmune diseases (local immune suppressors, diabetes), parasitology (malaria drugs and plasmodium
sporozoite), local pathologies (ulcer, trauma healing) . . .
Targeted drug delivery systems aim to increase the therapeutic efficacy of drugs while decreasing toxicity. This is achieved through passive targeting that relies on the enhanced permeability and retention effect, or active targeting using ligands that bind to receptors on tumor cells. The summary discusses key aspects of passive targeting including nanoparticle size, charge, and surface properties to maximize tumor accumulation. It also describes active targeting using ligands or antibodies directed against receptors overexpressed on tumor cells. The document provides examples of molecular targets for targeted therapies in cancer treatment.
This document provides a comprehensive review of compounds that can prevent or treat oral mucositis in cancer patients undergoing radio-chemotherapy. It begins with an abstract that summarizes the document. The document then discusses the pathobiology of mucositis in five phases: initiation, message generation, signaling and amplification, ulceration, and healing. It also reviews risk factors for developing mucositis, including both patient-related factors and treatment-related factors. The goal of the review is to provide an updated understanding of compounds that are effective against mucositis following radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy.
The document presents a literature review and presentation on novel drug delivery systems for skin cancer. It discusses liposomes and transferosomes as nanocarriers for skin cancer treatment. Key points include:
- Liposomes and transferosomes can improve skin penetration of drugs and target delivery to tumor cells for more effective skin cancer treatment compared to conventional methods.
- Several studies show liposomes and transferosomes effectively deliver drugs like curcumin, 5-fluorouracil, and cisplatin to treat skin cancer in vitro and in vivo. Characteristics like deformability allow transferosomes to penetrate skin barriers better than liposomes.
- The literature review summarizes recent research evaluating liposome and transferosome formulations to treat skin cancer through
Cancer is characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation. Many factors can cause cancer, including external factors like chemicals and radiation, and internal factors like hormones and genetic mutations. While there are 92 approved anticancer drugs, effective therapies are still lacking for many types of cancer. New drugs are needed that are more selective for cancer cells to reduce side effects from long-term treatment. In vitro screening methods are used to identify potential drug candidates, including assays to test cell viability, proliferation, and morphology. Promising candidates then advance to in vivo testing using animal models of cancer like chemically-induced tumors in mice. The goal is to find drugs that can effectively treat cancer while avoiding side effects.
A General Overview of Nano Medicine-Efficacy in Therapeutic Science and Curre...ceijjournals
Nanotechnology’s introduction has dramatically improved a number of scientific fields, one of which is
medicinal research. Nanomedicine is aimed to offer healthcare medications and chemicals a new
dimension. The small size of nanoparticles, permits them to circulate in the body without interrupting
oxygenation and escape filtration by both the renal and gastrointestinal networks. These are the few
properties that distinguish them apart from traditional therapeutic procedures. The increased permeability
and durability effect result in successful penetration inside the tumor tissues, providing cancer treatment a
new lease on life. Efficient transportation pathways, on the other hand, produce genotoxicity and
mutagenicity by interacting with genes that are essential for smooth functioning. As the specific
interactions of nanomedicines with biological systems are still unknown, comprehending nanomedicines'
toxicological effects is tough. The lack of regulatory direction in this field remains a research gap that we
would want to examine in this study.
A General Overview of Nano Medicine-Efficacy in Therapeutic Science and Curre...Berklin
Nanotechnology’s introduction has dramatically improved a number of scientific fields, one of which is medicinal research. Nanomedicine is aimed to offer healthcare medications and chemicals a new dimension. The small size of nanoparticles, permits them to circulate in the body without interrupting oxygenation and escape filtration by both the renal and gastrointestinal networks. These are the few properties that distinguish them apart from traditional therapeutic procedures. The increased permeability and durability effect result in successful penetration inside the tumor tissues, providing cancer treatment a new lease on life. Efficient transportation pathways, on the other hand, produce genotoxicity and mutagenicity by interacting with genes that are essential for smooth functioning. As the specific interactions of nanomedicines with biological systems are still unknown, comprehending nanomedicines' toxicological effects is tough. The lack of regulatory direction in this field remains a research gap that we would want to examine in this study.
This document discusses various methods for targeting tumors, including actively targeting tumors by attaching ligands or antibodies to nanocarriers to target receptors overexpressed on tumors. Passively targeting tumors relies on the enhanced permeation and retention effect to accumulate nanoparticles in tumors. Other targeting approaches discussed are inverse targeting by avoiding uptake by the reticuloendothelial system, dual targeting using carrier molecules with their own therapeutic activity, and double targeting for spatial and temporal control of drug delivery. Specific organelles and aspects of the tumor microenvironment are also discussed as targets.
This document discusses doxorubicin (Dox), a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent, and its ability to induce autophagy in tumor cells and cardiomyocytes. Recent research has identified several major biomarkers, such as AMPK, p53, and Bcl-2, that are important for Dox-induced apoptosis. In particular, it is Bcl-2's interaction with Beclin-1 that has refocused attention on Dox's ability to induce autophagy. The document suggests that further research into Dox's molecular signaling in neoplastic and normal cells may help redefine how Dox is clinically used and lead to improved cancer management by potentially exploiting autophagy.
Adipose Tissue and Mesenchymal Stem Cells: State of the Art and Lipogems® Technology Development
Carlo Tremolada1 & Valeria Colombo1 & Carlo Ventura2
Abstract Inthepastfewyears,interestinadiposetissueasan ideal source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has increased. These cells are multipotent and may differentiate in vitro into several cellular lineages, such as adipocytes, chondrocytes, osteoblasts, and myoblasts. In addition, they secrete many bioactive molecules and thus are considered Bmini-drugstores.^ MSCs are being used increasingly for many clinical applications, such as orthopedic, plastic, and reconstructive surgery. Adipose-derived MSCs are routinely obtained enzymatically from fat lipoaspirate as SVF and/or may undergo prolonged ex vivo expansion, with significant senescence and a decrease in multipotency, leading to unsatisfactory clinicalresults.Moreover, these techniquesare hampered by complex regulatory issues. Therefore, an innovative technique (Lipogems®; Lipogems International SpA, Milan, Italy) was developed to obtain microfragmented adipose tissue with an intact stromal vascular niche and MSCs with a high regenerative capacity. The Lipogems® technology, patented in 2010 and clinically available since 2013, is an easyto-use system designed to harvest, process, and inject refined fat tissue and is characterized by optimal handling ability and a great regenerative potential based on adipose-derived MSCs. In this novel technology, the adipose tissue is washed, emulsified, and rinsed and adipose cluster dimensions gradually are reduced to about 0.3 to 0.8 mm. In the resulting
Lipogems® product, pericytes are retained within an intact stromal vascular niche and are ready to interact with the recipient tissue after transplantation, thereby becoming MSCs and starting the regenerative process. Lipogems® has been used in more than 7000 patients worldwide in aesthetic medicineandsurgery,aswellasinorthopedicandgeneralsurgery, with remarkable and promising results and seemingly no drawbacks. Now, several clinical trials are under way to supporttheinitialencouragingoutcomes.Lipogems®technology is emerging as a valid intraoperative system to obtain an optimal final product that may be used immediately for regenerative purposes.
The document discusses local drug delivery (LDD) for treating periodontal disease. It begins with an introduction and overview of LDD classification, pharmacokinetics, advantages, indications, and design of delivery systems. It then covers the historical perspective of LDD, provides definitions of key terms, and discusses objectives, requirements, and challenges of local antimicrobial agents. The document also addresses pharmacokinetic parameters of adequate concentration, duration at the site of action, and issues of periodontal clearance and substantivity.
This document summarizes new wound management techniques and products. It discusses how selecting appropriate wound care can positively influence repair by understanding repair mechanisms. During the inflammatory phase, debridement and dressings can accelerate healing by enhancing inflammation. Products like Solcoseryl and hydrogels can stimulate early repair but may prolong inflammation later. Sugar, honey, and ketanserin can activate macrophages and improve inflammation. Chronic wounds get "stuck" in inflammation; treatments aim to identify and remove obstacles and create a healing environment. Later, growth factors and dressings that release them can enhance proliferation while limiting scarring.
Antiangiogenesis Tumor Therapy: A Review of Literaturemeducationdotnet
The document provides a literature review on antiangiogenesis tumour therapy. It summarizes four studies that evaluated different antiangiogenesis treatment strategies:
1) A pravastatin study that directly targeted tumour vasculature showed efficacy after 72 hours, with pravastatin traces found in tissues. However, it only used four mice per group.
2) A bevacizumab plus fotemustine study for metastatic melanoma patients showed median survival of 8.3 and 20.5 months but high toxicity, with 5 patients removed. It successfully decreased VEGF-A.
3) A vernolide-A study on mice and endothelial cells showed effects on VEGF and endothelial migration after short periods but no comparisons to
Novel drug delivery systems aim to optimize drug pharmacokinetics, reduce toxicity, and increase efficacy and bioavailability. They include polymers, micro/nanoparticles, liposomes, micelles, and hydrogels that can encapsulate, protect, target, and gradually release drugs. These systems help minimize harmful side effects, maximize drug accumulation at target sites, and overcome biological barriers to treatment of severe diseases.
This document discusses the use of nanotechnology for cancer treatment. It begins with background on cancer and challenges with chemotherapy. It then introduces various nanoparticles being explored for cancer applications, such as quantum dots, iron oxide, and gold nanoparticles. The document discusses the enhanced permeability and retention effect that allows nanoparticles to passively target tumors. It provides the example of Doxil, an FDA-approved liposomal drug delivery system. Other nanomedicine examples discussed include Abraxane protein-bound paclitaxel nanoparticles. The document covers topics like tumor tissue targeting, overcoming drug resistance, vascular and cellular targets, and using heat-generating nanoparticles for thermal ablation of cancer cells.
This study aimed to develop more effective drug delivery systems for cancer treatment by correlating the surface characteristics of drug carriers to their efficacy. Doxorubicin was loaded into soybean oil- and Mygliol 812-based liposomal formulations. Synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering revealed that doxorubicin loading yielded an abraded surface on the soybean oil formulation. In vitro tests found this formulation more effectively reduced survival of carcinoma cells. A dialysis assay also showed a higher initial burst release of doxorubicin from the soybean oil carriers. The results suggest matching the surface geometry of drug carriers to target cells could help refine development of more effective delivery systems with fewer side effects. This is
Similar to Nuove opportunità per il trattamento post chirurgico del glaucoma (20)
The document summarizes a study that investigated the effects of iron supplementation alone and in combination with vitamins on hematological status, oxidative stress, and erythrocyte membrane fluidity in anemic pregnant women. 164 anemic pregnant women were randomly assigned to receive placebo, iron alone, iron with folic acid, or iron with folic acid, retinol, and riboflavin for 2 months. The study found that supplementation significantly increased hemoglobin and ferritin levels and decreased oxidative stress markers in all treatment groups compared to placebo. Erythrocyte membrane fluidity also increased with supplementation.
Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative damage are thought to play a role in Parkinson's disease (PD) pathogenesis. Recent animal studies show that inhibiting mitochondrial complex I with rotenone closely mimics PD's biochemical and histological features. Several agents like creatine, coenzyme Q10, and acetyl-L-carnitine have shown benefits in animal models by modulating energy metabolism and reducing oxidative stress. These agents warrant further study as potential neuroprotective treatments for PD.
La conduzione del nervo surale dorsale in pazienti con carenza di vitamina B1...MerqurioEditore_redazione
This study investigated peripheral neuropathy in vitamin B12 deficient patients with megaloblastic anemia using dorsal sural nerve conduction studies and tibial sensory-evoked potentials. Dorsal sural nerve responses were absent in over half of patients but only one third had abnormalities on conventional nerve conduction studies. Patients with recordable dorsal sural nerves had prolonged latencies, reduced amplitudes, and slower conduction velocities compared to controls, suggesting dorsal sural nerve conduction is more sensitive for detecting early neuropathy. Over 70% of patients showed evidence of myelopathy on tibial sensory-evoked potentials and neurological examination.
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysKari Kakkonen
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
Pushing the limits of ePRTC: 100ns holdover for 100 daysAdtran
At WSTS 2024, Alon Stern explored the topic of parametric holdover and explained how recent research findings can be implemented in real-world PNT networks to achieve 100 nanoseconds of accuracy for up to 100 days.
Programming Foundation Models with DSPy - Meetup SlidesZilliz
Prompting language models is hard, while programming language models is easy. In this talk, I will discuss the state-of-the-art framework DSPy for programming foundation models with its powerful optimizers and runtime constraint system.
“An Outlook of the Ongoing and Future Relationship between Blockchain Technologies and Process-aware Information Systems.” Invited talk at the joint workshop on Blockchain for Information Systems (BC4IS) and Blockchain for Trusted Data Sharing (B4TDS), co-located with with the 36th International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE), 3 June 2024, Limassol, Cyprus.
GraphRAG for Life Science to increase LLM accuracyTomaz Bratanic
GraphRAG for life science domain, where you retriever information from biomedical knowledge graphs using LLMs to increase the accuracy and performance of generated answers
Full-RAG: A modern architecture for hyper-personalizationZilliz
Mike Del Balso, CEO & Co-Founder at Tecton, presents "Full RAG," a novel approach to AI recommendation systems, aiming to push beyond the limitations of traditional models through a deep integration of contextual insights and real-time data, leveraging the Retrieval-Augmented Generation architecture. This talk will outline Full RAG's potential to significantly enhance personalization, address engineering challenges such as data management and model training, and introduce data enrichment with reranking as a key solution. Attendees will gain crucial insights into the importance of hyperpersonalization in AI, the capabilities of Full RAG for advanced personalization, and strategies for managing complex data integrations for deploying cutting-edge AI solutions.
In the rapidly evolving landscape of technologies, XML continues to play a vital role in structuring, storing, and transporting data across diverse systems. The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present new methodologies for enhancing XML development workflows, introducing efficiency, automation, and intelligent capabilities. This presentation will outline the scope and perspective of utilizing AI in XML development. The potential benefits and the possible pitfalls will be highlighted, providing a balanced view of the subject.
We will explore the capabilities of AI in understanding XML markup languages and autonomously creating structured XML content. Additionally, we will examine the capacity of AI to enrich plain text with appropriate XML markup. Practical examples and methodological guidelines will be provided to elucidate how AI can be effectively prompted to interpret and generate accurate XML markup.
Further emphasis will be placed on the role of AI in developing XSLT, or schemas such as XSD and Schematron. We will address the techniques and strategies adopted to create prompts for generating code, explaining code, or refactoring the code, and the results achieved.
The discussion will extend to how AI can be used to transform XML content. In particular, the focus will be on the use of AI XPath extension functions in XSLT, Schematron, Schematron Quick Fixes, or for XML content refactoring.
The presentation aims to deliver a comprehensive overview of AI usage in XML development, providing attendees with the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions. Whether you’re at the early stages of adopting AI or considering integrating it in advanced XML development, this presentation will cover all levels of expertise.
By highlighting the potential advantages and challenges of integrating AI with XML development tools and languages, the presentation seeks to inspire thoughtful conversation around the future of XML development. We’ll not only delve into the technical aspects of AI-powered XML development but also discuss practical implications and possible future directions.
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/building-and-scaling-ai-applications-with-the-nx-ai-manager-a-presentation-from-network-optix/
Robin van Emden, Senior Director of Data Science at Network Optix, presents the “Building and Scaling AI Applications with the Nx AI Manager,” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
In this presentation, van Emden covers the basics of scaling edge AI solutions using the Nx tool kit. He emphasizes the process of developing AI models and deploying them globally. He also showcases the conversion of AI models and the creation of effective edge AI pipelines, with a focus on pre-processing, model conversion, selecting the appropriate inference engine for the target hardware and post-processing.
van Emden shows how Nx can simplify the developer’s life and facilitate a rapid transition from concept to production-ready applications.He provides valuable insights into developing scalable and efficient edge AI solutions, with a strong focus on practical implementation.
TrustArc Webinar - 2024 Global Privacy SurveyTrustArc
How does your privacy program stack up against your peers? What challenges are privacy teams tackling and prioritizing in 2024?
In the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey, we asked over 1,800 global privacy professionals and business executives to share their perspectives on the current state of privacy inside and outside of their organizations. This year’s report focused on emerging areas of importance for privacy and compliance professionals, including considerations and implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, building brand trust, and different approaches for achieving higher privacy competence scores.
See how organizational priorities and strategic approaches to data security and privacy are evolving around the globe.
This webinar will review:
- The top 10 privacy insights from the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey
- The top challenges for privacy leaders, practitioners, and organizations in 2024
- Key themes to consider in developing and maintaining your privacy program
AI 101: An Introduction to the Basics and Impact of Artificial IntelligenceIndexBug
Imagine a world where machines not only perform tasks but also learn, adapt, and make decisions. This is the promise of Artificial Intelligence (AI), a technology that's not just enhancing our lives but revolutionizing entire industries.
Dr. Sean Tan, Head of Data Science, Changi Airport Group
Discover how Changi Airport Group (CAG) leverages graph technologies and generative AI to revolutionize their search capabilities. This session delves into the unique search needs of CAG’s diverse passengers and customers, showcasing how graph data structures enhance the accuracy and relevance of AI-generated search results, mitigating the risk of “hallucinations” and improving the overall customer journey.
Threats to mobile devices are more prevalent and increasing in scope and complexity. Users of mobile devices desire to take full advantage of the features
available on those devices, but many of the features provide convenience and capability but sacrifice security. This best practices guide outlines steps the users can take to better protect personal devices and information.
Cosa hanno in comune un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ?Speck&Tech
ABSTRACT: A prima vista, un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ potrebbero avere in comune il fatto di essere entrambi blocchi di costruzione, o dipendenze di progetti creativi e software. La realtà è che un mattoncino Lego e il caso della backdoor XZ hanno molto di più di tutto ciò in comune.
Partecipate alla presentazione per immergervi in una storia di interoperabilità, standard e formati aperti, per poi discutere del ruolo importante che i contributori hanno in una comunità open source sostenibile.
BIO: Sostenitrice del software libero e dei formati standard e aperti. È stata un membro attivo dei progetti Fedora e openSUSE e ha co-fondato l'Associazione LibreItalia dove è stata coinvolta in diversi eventi, migrazioni e formazione relativi a LibreOffice. In precedenza ha lavorato a migrazioni e corsi di formazione su LibreOffice per diverse amministrazioni pubbliche e privati. Da gennaio 2020 lavora in SUSE come Software Release Engineer per Uyuni e SUSE Manager e quando non segue la sua passione per i computer e per Geeko coltiva la sua curiosità per l'astronomia (da cui deriva il suo nickname deneb_alpha).
Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FMESafe Software
In this second installment of our Essentials of Automations webinar series, we’ll explore the landscape of triggers and actions, guiding you through the nuances of authoring and adapting workspaces for seamless automations. Gain an understanding of the full spectrum of triggers and actions available in FME, empowering you to enhance your workspaces for efficient automation.
We’ll kick things off by showcasing the most commonly used event-based triggers, introducing you to various automation workflows like manual triggers, schedules, directory watchers, and more. Plus, see how these elements play out in real scenarios.
Whether you’re tweaking your current setup or building from the ground up, this session will arm you with the tools and insights needed to transform your FME usage into a powerhouse of productivity. Join us to discover effective strategies that simplify complex processes, enhancing your productivity and transforming your data management practices with FME. Let’s turn complexity into clarity and make your workspaces work wonders!
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and MilvusZilliz
Spark is the widely used ETL tool for processing, indexing and ingesting data to serving stack for search. Milvus is the production-ready open-source vector database. In this talk we will show how to use Spark to process unstructured data to extract vector representations, and push the vectors to Milvus vector database for search serving.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 5DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 5. In this session, we will cover CI/CD with devops.
Topics covered:
CI/CD with in UiPath
End-to-end overview of CI/CD pipeline with Azure devops
Speaker:
Lyndsey Byblow, Test Suite Sales Engineer @ UiPath, Inc.
2. Shao et al. Diagnostic Pathology 2011, 6:64 Page 2 of 5
http://www.diagnosticpathology.org/content/6/1/64
These problems have stimulated the search for alter- HTFs. The MMC-chitosan nanoparticles will be made
native modes of drug delivery and new agents to mini- as reports[23,24]. The nanocontainers are synthesized by
mize the ocular complications[11]. Numerous implants well biodegradable, biocompatible, nonimmunogenic
that release MMC continuously have been investigated chitosan. Chitosan and its derivatives draw attention as
to avoid the naturally occurring scarring but cannot a drug delivery vehicle. Especially, ordinary chitosan can
localize the side effects of the agent[12-14], for they can- be dissolved in acidic water but not in alkaline, that
not lower the toxicity to non-proliferating cells. means the nanocontainers would degrade in the sorting
Recently, studies have shown that constant nanoparticle endosome and release the MMC. Chitosan can easily
drug delivery to targeted tissues and cells may offer a react with many kinds of agents due to having -NH 2
greater therapeutic effect than traditional dosing meth- and -COOH groups in its structure, which is valuable
ods[15,16]. The results of other studies suggested that for the drug carrier to readily prepare its conjugates
photosensitizer accumulates mainly inside the activated with various drugs to avoid vexatious complications.
HTFs via the overexpressed LDLr to absorbs light and That is possible to deal with the application of chitosan
generates cytotoxic reactive oxygen species leading to as a carrier for water-insoluble and water-soluble drug
cellular damage[17]. This result is confirmed in vivo by conjugates in anti-scarring therapy. Izume summarized
an investigation, using the photodynamic therapy (PDT) the toxicity of chitosan including a skin sensitization
for anti-scarring after glaucoma filtering surgery [18]. study, temporal skin irritation study, ophthalmic sensiti-
Perhaps the most successful approval of PDT is with zation test, mutagenicity test and patch test for humans;
photosensitizer for injection (Visudyne) to treat age- every study and test showed low toxicity of chitosan,
related macular degeneration (AMD). which can function well as a drug carrier due to long
LDLr is a single-chain transmembrane glycoprotein systemic retention, low toxicity and accumulation in the
that specifically mediates binding and endocytosis of target tissue[24-26].
LDL. Receptor-mediated endocytosis is a highly specific, In addition, firstly, nanoparticles increase uptake into
high capacity process that can absorb a large amount of activated HTFs that overexpressed LDLr, and steady
LDL into the cell within a relatively short time. Once release MMC. Secondly, chitosan nanoparticles confine
internalized, LDLr dissociates from LDL and is recycled and protect the enclosed MMC which may be hydrophi-
back to the cell surface where it is available to interact lic until they bind to the outer membrane of the tar-
with many more LDL over its lifetime[19]. Then LDL geted HTFs, and lower effective dose of MMC. Thirdly,
are retained and accumulated in the sorting endosome. chitosan nanoparticles have the capability of keeping
Therefore, any agent that can be attached to LDL can stability in human body. And finally, the scale dimen-
also be internalized and accumulate within LDLr expres- sions of nanoparticles are between 1 and 100 nm, which
sing cells. In fact, the expression of the LDL receptors favor endocytosis via LDLr.
on the cell surface is regulated by the need of the cell The LDL particle is a naturally occurring nanostruc-
for cholesterol[20]. It is known that rapidly proliferating ture typically with a diameter of 22 nm. It contains a
tissues have a high demand for cholesterol for cell mem- lipid core of some 1500 esterified cholesterol molecules
brane synthesis. Increases of 3- to 100-fold in expression and triglycerides. A shell of phospholipids and unesteri-
of LDLr over corresponding non-malignant tissues have fied cholesterol surrounds this highly hydrophobic core.
been reported in acute myelogenous leukemia, colon The shell also contains a single copy of apoB-100, which
cancer, adrenal adenoma, lung carcinoma, breast cancer, is recognized by the LDLr[25]. As reported that there
and prostate cancer[19,21]. are three ways to interact with LDL[19]: (1) via attach-
Our previous study have shown that the LDLr are ment to the apoB-100 protein on the surface of LDL,
overexpressed in the activated HTFs[22]. As we showed, (2) via intercalation into the phospholipid monolayer of
the LDLr protein in activated HTFs is 8-fold higher LDL, and (3) via substitution of the agent in the lipid
than that of normal HTFs, and the fluorescence of Dio- core of LDL. Therefore, we can combine LDL and
labeled LDL particles uptaked by activated HTFs is MMC-chitosan nanoparticle by one of the three strate-
3.73-fold higher than that of the normal HTFs. There- gies above.
fore, we propose that the LDLr is a potential molecular
target for the selective delivery of anti-scarring therapy Testing the hypothesis
during excessive conjunctival wound healing. To test this hypothesis, a chitosan-based polymeric pre-
drug of MMC was synthesized and the drug release
Presentation of hypothesis rates were controlled by the aldehyde degree of chitosan
We propose that MMC encapsulated into LDL-chitosan and the mass ratios of periodate-oxidized chitosan (CS-
nanoparticles (LDL-MMC-chitosan nanoparticles) will CHO) to MMC (mCS-CHO/mMMC). When the mCS-CHO/
be an effective way to deliver MMC specifically to mMMC was 5/1, 10/1 and 25/1, the initial release amount
3. Shao et al. Diagnostic Pathology 2011, 6:64 Page 3 of 5
http://www.diagnosticpathology.org/content/6/1/64
of MMC was 65%, 50% and 45%. There was an obvious thickness) (Figure 1), which has no toxicity[27]. In glau-
initial release within the initial 8 h, and the concentra- coma filtration surgery, the conjunctival wound is
tion of MMC in dialysis medium remained unchanged sutured with subconjunctival implantation of the hya-
during the following 60 h. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity luronic acid film at the filtering site. In terms of physical
study on chitosan-based polymeric predrug encapsulated characteristics, hyaluronic acid film changes from solid
fibroblast indicated that the maximum non-toxic con- form into gel form within 24 to 48 hours in the tissue
centration of CS-CHO was 8.3, 42.3 and 54.7 mg/ml in and stays within the tissue for about 7 to 14 days. How-
the 24, 48 and 72 h[26]. Therefore, the concentration of ever, it has been generally reported that fibroblasts
CS-CHO in the practical application should be lower increase the most at 4 to 7 days postoperatively.
than the corresponding concentration. In vitro, chito- Furthermore, this film material functions as a barrier to
san-based polymeric predrug of MMC was a low cyto- contact between separated tissues by which the post-
toxic controlled delivery system. operative formation of adhesions is reduced and delayed,
In addition, we plan to insert LDL-MMC-chitosan and no subsequent removal procedure is required. With
nanoparticles into hyaluronic acid film (80 μm the gradual degradation of hyaluronic acid film in the
Figure 1 LDL-MMC-chitosan nanoparticles release from hyaluronic acid film. The hyaluronic acid film is implanted into subconjunctival
space at the filtering site, with conjunctival wound is sutured, and LDL-MMC-chitosan nanoparticles release constantly from the hyaluronic acid
film. LDL-MMC-chitosan nanoparticles is made by chitosan nanocontainer encapsulating MMC, and then combined with LDL.
4. Shao et al. Diagnostic Pathology 2011, 6:64 Page 4 of 5
http://www.diagnosticpathology.org/content/6/1/64
body, the LDL-MMC-chitosan nanoparticles will be Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
released into the subconjunctival space, and endocytosed
mainly by activated HTFs at wound site. Received: 21 April 2011 Accepted: 8 July 2011 Published: 8 July 2011
We will observe the validity of creating a long-term
effective filtering bleb and decrease of the ocular com- References
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doi:10.1186/1746-1596-6-64
Cite this article as: Shao et al.: Target drug delivery system as a new
scarring modulation after glaucoma filtration surgery. Diagnostic
Pathology 2011 6:64.
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