Girls and boys have the same rights to get a quality education. But the ‘gender gap’ becomes painfully evident when
looking at who is in the classroom. Girls lag behind than boys at all levels of formal education in Haryana. Enrolment,
retention, transition and achievement rates for girls are always lower than that of boys. This means that even many of the girls
who are enrolled in school do not complete Secondary School education. There is the strong belief that negative parental
attitude must be blamed for the low level education of girls. The purpose of the present study was, therefore, to assessing
current parental attitude towards the education of girls children. The study analyzed the data from 50 parents, who had one or
more than one school going children. Out of these, 20 parents belonged to upper caste families, 15 parents belonged to middle
caste families and 15 parents belonged to lower caste families. The age range of the sample was 18-50 years, and they all
belonged to Bohar village of Rohtak District. 20-item questionnaire schedule was used for collecting data. The findings
showed that the overall attitude of the respondents was moderately favorable and positive towards schooling and education of
their children. The study reflects that generally parents would want to educate both boys and girls, however when there are
other demands on the family's resources that the education of the girl child is considered a secondary issue.
A Study on Parental Attitude towards Girls’ Higher Educationijtsrd
In the present study the investigator attempted to find the attitude of parents of their girls’ higher education. 200 parents of girls were taken as a representative sample of the whole population. For selecting parents of girls as a sample stratified random sampling was adopted. The investigator has adopted the survey research method for this study. A self made attitude scale, which is the “Garai attitude test” consists of items was developed and used for collecting the data. For analyzing and interpreting the data the investigator used to mean, S.D. t test. The study revealed that rural parents were a better attitude than urban parents towards their girl’s higher education. The study also revealed that female parents were a better attitude than male parents towards their girl’s higher education. Ratna Garai "A Study on Parental Attitude towards Girls’ Higher Education" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38526.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/38526/a-study-on-parental-attitude-towards-girls’-higher-education/ratna-garai
Educational Research : Meaning and ScoreSahin Sahari
Meaning of Educational Research
According to Mouly, -
Educational Research is the systematic application of scientific method for solving educational problem.
Travers thinks, -
Educational Research is the activity for developing science of behavior in educational situations. It allows the educator to achieve his goals effectively.
According to Whitney, -
Educational Research aims at finding out solution of educational problems by using scientific philosophical method.
So Educational Research is-
- Process of Generating the New Knowledge
- To Solve the Educational Problems
- Which is Purposeful, Precise, Objective, Scientific and Systematic
- Through Organize the data Quantitatively and Qualitatively
- which depends on the Researchers Ability, Ingenuity and Experience
Scope of Educational Research
Being scientific study of Educational Process, it involves :
- Biotic Elements of Education (Student, teachers, educational managers, parents, etc.)
- Non-Biotic Elements of education (Schools, colleges, research institutes, curriculum etc.)
Webinar conducted by Department of Education, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University on the topic 'History, Politics and Economics of Education', handled by the Resource Person
Mr. S. Lenin,
Assistant Professor,
Manonmaniam Sundaranar University,
Tirunelveli- 627 012
Meaning, definitions & need of educational research.Neha Deo
To understand the meaning & nature of research, one must study the different definitions of research. In this presentation, definitions of research & educational research are given. From the definitions important characteristics of the research are listed & need of the educational research is also given.
A Study on Parental Attitude towards Girls’ Higher Educationijtsrd
In the present study the investigator attempted to find the attitude of parents of their girls’ higher education. 200 parents of girls were taken as a representative sample of the whole population. For selecting parents of girls as a sample stratified random sampling was adopted. The investigator has adopted the survey research method for this study. A self made attitude scale, which is the “Garai attitude test” consists of items was developed and used for collecting the data. For analyzing and interpreting the data the investigator used to mean, S.D. t test. The study revealed that rural parents were a better attitude than urban parents towards their girl’s higher education. The study also revealed that female parents were a better attitude than male parents towards their girl’s higher education. Ratna Garai "A Study on Parental Attitude towards Girls’ Higher Education" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38526.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/38526/a-study-on-parental-attitude-towards-girls’-higher-education/ratna-garai
Educational Research : Meaning and ScoreSahin Sahari
Meaning of Educational Research
According to Mouly, -
Educational Research is the systematic application of scientific method for solving educational problem.
Travers thinks, -
Educational Research is the activity for developing science of behavior in educational situations. It allows the educator to achieve his goals effectively.
According to Whitney, -
Educational Research aims at finding out solution of educational problems by using scientific philosophical method.
So Educational Research is-
- Process of Generating the New Knowledge
- To Solve the Educational Problems
- Which is Purposeful, Precise, Objective, Scientific and Systematic
- Through Organize the data Quantitatively and Qualitatively
- which depends on the Researchers Ability, Ingenuity and Experience
Scope of Educational Research
Being scientific study of Educational Process, it involves :
- Biotic Elements of Education (Student, teachers, educational managers, parents, etc.)
- Non-Biotic Elements of education (Schools, colleges, research institutes, curriculum etc.)
Webinar conducted by Department of Education, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University on the topic 'History, Politics and Economics of Education', handled by the Resource Person
Mr. S. Lenin,
Assistant Professor,
Manonmaniam Sundaranar University,
Tirunelveli- 627 012
Meaning, definitions & need of educational research.Neha Deo
To understand the meaning & nature of research, one must study the different definitions of research. In this presentation, definitions of research & educational research are given. From the definitions important characteristics of the research are listed & need of the educational research is also given.
This content consists of 'Andragogy and Assessment' presented by Ms Kalyani K., Assistant Professor, Vijaya Teachers College, Bangalore, in the webinar series 4 hosted by the Department of Education, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tiruenelveli, Tamil Nadu.
Meaning, Definition, Different aspects, types, Factors bring about social change, Factors resisting social change, Theories, Role of Education in social change, Teacher as an agent of social change
This content consists of 'Andragogy and Assessment' presented by Ms Kalyani K., Assistant Professor, Vijaya Teachers College, Bangalore, in the webinar series 4 hosted by the Department of Education, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tiruenelveli, Tamil Nadu.
Meaning, Definition, Different aspects, types, Factors bring about social change, Factors resisting social change, Theories, Role of Education in social change, Teacher as an agent of social change
An evaluation of girl-child education in Nigeria. What are the policy issues that guide the education of a girl-child and what is the society's view of a girl-child?
This presentation is about the imporatance of female education in our country especially. This is to make the people realize that educating the girl child is not a burden but a smart investment for the future.
The Impact of Girl-Child Education on Community Development: A Study of Ika L...iosrjce
This research work investigated the impact of Girl-Child Education on Community Development with
focus on Ika Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State. The specific objectives of the study are to identify the
role of Girl-Child Education in Community Development, to determine the factors impeding against girl-child
education in the aforementioned area and to examine how social, economic and political development affects
Girl-Child Education in Ika Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State. The total population for this study is
39,500 and the sample size of three hundred and ninety five (395) persons from the selected communities i.e.
Ikot Inyang Udo, Ikot Akata, Urua Inyang, Ikot Oyo and Ikot Okon were drawn. The study adopted a descriptive
survey design and data were analysed using the chi-square (X2
) statistic at 0.05 level of significance. It was
found among other things that Girl-Child Education helps in Community Development and the factors militating
against girl-child education were culture and poverty level of the people. Based on the findings, the following
recommendations were made; the society should stop the discrimination of the girl-child in the provision of
education, also that government should make policy statements that will make the education of the girl child
legal and compulsory.
Project Proposal: Youth Without ShelterRebecca Sivel
Project proposal written for Youth Without Shelter, A homeless youth shelter in the west end of Toronto. This proposal address mental illness among homeless youth through social programming.
Parental Involvement in The Implementation of Modular Distance Learning Appro...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT :The general purpose of this study was to find out the level of extent on the parental involvement
in the implementation of modular distance learning approach in Botolan District, Division of Zambales,
Philippines during school year 2020-2021. The study revealed that the parent-respondent is a typical female in
her early adulthood, married, high school graduate with part-time work and meagre income whose children are
at primary grade level. The academic performance of the parent- respondents‘ children was assessed ―Very
Satisfactory‖. Perceived ―Highly Involved‖ on Parent as a Teacher and Acceptance of the Self-Learning Module
while ―Involved‖ on Submission of the Self-Learning Module. There is significant difference when grouped
according to highest educational attainment towards Parent as a Teacher, Acceptance and Submission of the
Self-learning module respectively; significant when grouped according to family income towards Parent as
Teacher and Acceptance of the Self-Learning Module; while significant on number of children studying in the
elementary level towards Parent as Teacher and Submission of the Self-Learning Module respectively. There is
significant difference on the perception towards dimensions on the level ofextent on the parental involvement in
the implementation of modular distance learning approach. There is negatively weak or little relationship
between the level of academic performance and the level ofextent on the parental involvement in the
implementation of modular distance learning approach.
Based on the summary of the investigations conducted and the conclusions arrived at, the researcher
recommended that the parents are encouraged to be given orientation to heighten awareness on their respective
limited roles in the implementation of the self-learning modular approach; that parents are encouraged to help
children developed with high levels of self-directed learning, to have strong for learning.\
KEYWORDS:Botolan District, Division of Zambales,Parental Involvement in Modular Distance Learning
Approach
The Influence of Parental Education in Pre-School Preference in Nyamira Divis...paperpublications3
Abstract: This study determines the parental level education in pre-school preference for their young children in Nyamira division Kenya. The objective of this study was to determine the parents’ level of education that influences pre-school preference. The target population was 79 head teachers, 227 pre-school teachers and 4200 parents whose children are in pre-school from both public and private schools. The study adopted descriptive research design and was informed by the Bromfenbrenner’s ecological theory of human development. The sampled population was done by 10%, Mugenda and Mugenda (2006 ) the data collection instruments were questionnaires and interview schedules. Simple random techniques and purpose techniques were used to select primary school head teacher, pre-school teachers and parents. Using simple random sampling techniques 10% of the parents were selected while using purposive sampling primary school head teachers and pre-school head teachers were selected by 10%. The data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The descriptive statistics was used to describe and summarize data in form of frequencies distribution tables and means. The inferential statistics was used to make inference sand draw conclusions. The findings were that parents with a minimum of secondary school education had their children admitted in private, expensive but well performing pre-schools. Those who are with low education attainment preferred to admit their children in cheap, low performing or average performing pre-schools. The recommendations were that parents should be enlightened on the importance of pre-school education and being taken to workshops to improve their literacy. The key recommendation was that the school stakeholders such as parents, Directors and the government should provide work in collaboration to provide learners with best learning environment regardless of the educational background of their parents.
Effects of Social Class on Academic Achievement Hermela Assefa
The Future of Public Education. This was the name of a course I took my first year at Franklin and Marshall College that changed my life. This course exposed me to the harsh realities of our public education system. As I continually reflect on my experiences within this system from K-12 I always look past the significant impact my socioeconomic status had on my experience. Having immigrant parents that did not go through a formal education system shaped me to become a student who is not afraid to ask for help. I strive to provide assistance to students in my position who come from lower socioeconomic backgrounds. This paper allowed me to explore my curiosities and review the works of many scholars that have dedicated their time to explore the impact of social class on students' academic achievement.
Parenting Styles and Academic Performance of Senior High School StudentsAJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: The district-wide survey study examined the parenting styles and academic performance among
Grade 12 learners in Social Science amidst the CoViD-19 pandemic. The study involved two hundred forty-four
(244) parents as respondents. The study used descriptive research design through survey questionnaires as the
main instrument in gathering the required data. Descriptive and Inferential statistics were employed in the
computation, analysis, and interpretation of data. Results of the study revealed that most parent-respondents are
female, in their middle adulthood, with a minimum family and a number of children. Parents agree on the
parenting styles they do. The mean academic performance of Grade 12 learners in Social Science was "Very
Satisfactory". There was a significant difference in parents' parenting styles as to authoritarian style when
respondents were grouped according to age and family monthly income. There was a significant difference in
parents' parenting styles as to permissive style when respondents were grouped according to age. There was a
significant difference in parents' parenting styles as to authoritative style when respondents were grouped
according to the number of children in the family. There was a very low positive correlation between the
parenting styles of parents and the academic performance of Grade 12 learners in Social Science. Based on the
study's findings, parents may consider exploring appropriate parenting styles to motivate their children, and
parents are encouraged not to spoil their children. Parents are encouraged to attend any PTA meetings to show
support for their children's learning. The parents may consider equally practiced parenting styles as
authoritarian, permissive, and authoritative regardless of their profile. It may be possible to undertake a
comparative study with a bigger sample size of participants from various places to validate and enhance the
generalizability of the results.
KEYWORDS : academic performance, parenting style, senior high school students, Botolan, Zambales
The study was conducted on issues affecting the academic achievement of female students in selected primary schools of Jimma Arjo woreda while its objective was to investigate the major factors that affect the academic achievements of female students in primary schools of four sampled primary schools/Arjo primary school, Andinnet, Arbi-gebeya and Wayu Warke primary schools. Female students academic achievements show an upgrading from time to time, but still the rise is delicate when contrast to males. The finding identified the five broad categories, Family related, school related, socio-economic related, cultural related were the major factors that affect the academic achievements of females’ education. The common issues household responsibilities, low awareness of parents towards females education, parents financial problems, parents education level, lack of school facilities, school distance, the nature of teacher student relationship, the study behavior female students implement, teaching method teachers use, early marriage, less avails of role models are the main reasons for squat academic achievements of female students on education. To alleviate these upward parents awareness to wards the benefit of educating females, motivating female students, providing financial supports for the poor female students, improving school facilities and protecting female from abduction and early marriage/from any harmful traditions were recommended.
Abstract: India is a developing country having so many challenges. One of the greatest challenges before a socialist and democratic country is the education of its disadvantaged people because in absence of education these people become a major liability on it. It cannot be over emphasised that economic development of a country depends to a large extent on the quality and level of the education of its people. Indian society has been crushed for ages socially, economically and politically only because a large proportion of its population has been the deprived of proper education since time immemorial. Mass education has ever been non-existent phenomenon in this so called highly cultured and affluent ancient country. These deprived people lived a life characterised in poverty, ignorance and superstition. They were easily deprived of the basic human rights and treated as domestic animals by the few rich and powerful men in the feudal social system.
Keywords: Academic Achievement, Deprived Children.
Title: Academic Achievement of the Deprived Children
Author: Dr. N.K Singh
ISSN 2349-7831
International Journal of Recent Research in Social Sciences and Humanities (IJRRSSH)
Paper Publications
Social Development of 5 And 6 Year Old Children in Terms of Employment Status...inventionjournals
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the social development of 5-6 year-old children of employed and unemployed mothers. The population of the study consisted of 5-6 years-old preschool children in the province of Kayseri between 2012 and 2013. The sample group of the study was determined according to random sampling. As the data collection tool, “Marmara Social-Emotional Adaptation Scale (MSEAS) for 60- 72 Month- Old Children" developed by Işık (2006) was used. The scale consists of 19 items, which were applied to totally 200 students including 114 girls and 86 boys. In the scale, α= .89; and the test-retest stability coefficient was.89. The data were evaluated by using the SPSS 20.00 software package and analyzed as percentage, frequency, and t-test.Results indicated that the social development of children of employed mothers was higher than those of children of unemployed mothers.
Academic Achievement of Adolescents In Relation To Parental Encouragementiosrjce
This Study examines the Academic Achievement of Adolescence and Parental encouragement, the
encouragement support exerts most direct influence upon the acquisition of academic achievement. This study
explored the extent to which the parental encouragement has relation with academic achievement among school
students. Parents play a key role in shaping students achievement. Family factors such as parent’s level of
education, Parental expectations and parental support for their children seem to extent some influences on
adolescents academic achievement. Parents play an important role in educational motivation of their children.
They provide necessary facilities and educational environment which results is better performance in school.
Parents approve and appreciate activities related to education and remove any difficult felt by their wards. This
type of behavior of Parents is known as parental encouragement. In other wards parental encouragement
refers to the guidance, communication and interest shown by the parents to promote their wards progress in
school.
Attitude of Parents towards Inclusive Education for CWSN: A study in Kamrup D...inventionjournals
Inclusion means ‘place’, a classroom in a regular school building, and a seat in an age –appropriate general education classroom. In the last few decades as educating children with disabilities in regular schools has become an important goal in many countries. Inclusion is seen as a process of addressing and responding to the diversity of needs of all learners through increasing participation in learning, cultures and communities, and reducing exclusion within and from education.Parents have a major role in the challenging and dynamic inclusion process that starts with the parents’ decision to place their child in a mainstream setting common parents’ concerns include safety, attitudes of other students, staff and program quality, transportation, district commitment, and potential for failure related to the severity of the child’s disability. In the present study an attempt has been made to find out the attitude of parents towards Children with Special Needs in Kamrup District, Assam, India. The study used descriptive survey as a research design to explain the problems related to the existing in the study area, Kamrup District, Assam, India.
Performance of Foreign Direct Investment in IndiaRHIMRJ Journal
An attempt is made in this paper to know Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) performance in India in terms of Merger
and Acquisition (M&A), Technology transfer and Research & Development (R&D). Beginning of the sections is done with
FDI policy in India. Initially, India has many restrictive policies but it is favorable after liberalization period to attract FDI in
India. Another section of the Paper discussed performance of M&A in terms of number, volume, country and industry wise,
Technology Transfer with suggested government policy and FDI inflow in R&D from the year 2000-2011(post liberalization
period). At the end of the paper,it has been concluded that growth of FDI Inflows is quite positive in above mentioned area.
Performance of Foreign Direct Investment in IndiaRHIMRJ Journal
An attempt is made in this paper to know Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) performance in India in terms of Merger
and Acquisition (M&A), Technology transfer and Research & Development (R&D). Beginning of the sections is done with
FDI policy in India. Initially, India has many restrictive policies but it is favorable after liberalization period to attract FDI in
India. Another section of the Paper discussed performance of M&A in terms of number, volume, country and industry wise,
Technology Transfer with suggested government policy and FDI inflow in R&D from the year 2000-2011(post liberalization
period). At the end of the paper,it has been concluded that growth of FDI Inflows is quite positive in above mentioned area.
A Comparative Study of Working Capital Management of Selected Paper Companies...RHIMRJ Journal
This research paper describes paper companies is core sector for any of the country. Working Capital Management
has its impact on liquidity as well profitability. The impact on effectiveness and profitability of working capital is tried to find
out by measuring the fluctuation in fixed assets, current assets and sales. The industry plays a vital role in development of
economics of enterprises as well as country. So at this financial appraisal of paper companies will be very useful to many of
its stakeholders. This research paper mainly based on the secondary data. Its main objectives are to evaluate the liquidity
position of the paper companies. For use ratio analysis for accounting tools and statistical tools for getting results like as
average, S.D. C.V. Maximum and Minimum and used One way ANOVA test. Mainly included two ratios in this research
paper like as current ratio and quick ratio.
A Study of the Effectiveness of Self-Instructional Material (SIM) for Higher ...RHIMRJ Journal
The present study was aimed to find the effectiveness of Self-instructional Materials (SIM). Comparison of the
increased learning through SIM and through Direct Teaching was done in this study to know about the effectiveness of SIM at
Higher Education. The results did not show significant difference between two groups’ learning outcomes. However, various
factors are involved in learning activity. Factors like students’ attention, effectiveness of direct teaching etc. do affect the level
of learning. So, depending upon the above factors and quality of Self-instructional Material, the level of learning may differ.
Small Scale Industries Scenario in GujaratRHIMRJ Journal
Small scale industries today constitutes a very important segment of the Indian economy the development of this
sector came about primarily due to the vision of our late Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru who sought to develop core
industry and have a supporting sector in the form of small scale enterprises. Small scale sector has emerged as a dynamic and
vibrant sector of the economy. The sector contribution to employment is next only to agriculture in India. It is therefore an
excellent sector of economy for investment. Already we have seen that how small scale industries are playing significant role in
the economy. As we discussed above the importance and institutional framework of India and Gujarat, government of India
and government of Gujarat is trying to be more supportive to this sector. In spite of these lots of attempts of government of
Gujarat and government of India this sector is not raising as accepted to other countries and economy. Now we knew that how
small scale industries is playing important role in economy. We have accepted its importance. Inspire of its importance, the
small scale sector is beset with the problems of finding facilities given by financial institutions, nationalized banks, private
banks, co-operative banks and public sector banks.
Internet Accessibility among the Graduate Students of the Colleges of Guwahat...RHIMRJ Journal
Internet has been the most useful technology of the modern times which helps us not only in our daily lives, but also our
personal and professional lives developments. The internet helps us achieve this in several different ways. For the students and
educational purposes the internet is widely used to gather information so as to do the research or add to the knowledge of any sort
of subject they have. Even the business personals and the professions like doctors, access the internet to filter the necessary
information for their use. The internet is therefore the largest encyclopedia for everyone, in all age categories. The internet has
served to be more useful in maintaining contacts with friends and relatives who live abroad permanently. The easiest
communication means like the internet chatting systems and the emails are the best and the most common for the maintaining
contacts with the people around the world. Not to forget internet is useful in providing with most of the fun these days. May it be
all the games, and networking conferences or the online movies, songs, dramas and quizzes, internet has provided the users with a
great opportunity to eradicate the boredom from their lives.
Psychological Contract and Organization: A Review ArticleRHIMRJ Journal
The Psychological Contract emerged as a concept in the psychological literature almost fifty years ago, as a footnote
in Understanding Organizational Behavior. The Psychological Contract refers to implicit ideas about the employeeorganization
relationship. The perceived violation of Psychological Contract of employees reflects unfulfilled promises from
employer side. This perception of violation might lead to adverse effect on the organization. Psychological Contract in Indian
perspective is relatively neglected research area. The literature reflects potential opportunity for future research on
Psychological Contract in Indian perspective.
Over the years, as we grow up, we often wonder about the purpose or reason of our existence. Is life simply a matter
of obtaining food and shelter? In fact, animals are mostly occupied in activities related to survival. But surely human
existence must have a greater purpose. This has been the basic concern in the Indo-Eastern perspective on human nature.
The Indian approaches tell us that many of the problems that we face in life are due to faulty ways of thinking and
understanding the world. Therefore, the concern in the Indian perspective is on removal of faulty knowledge which keeps us
in a state of ignorance (avidya). Once we have realized this, it is possible to live life with a new kind of freedom. In this state
we come to experience a deep and complete joy. This happiness or state of bliss is present in each of us. We only have to
unfold and experience it. Such a state enlarges the human consciousness in such a manner that a person’s goal becomes
recovering the experience of beingness or existence that is common to everybody.
Effective Utilization of Banking Credit: A bird’s eye viewRHIMRJ Journal
India is an agricultural country and it plays a significant role in the development of our economy. Approximately two
third of the Indian Population is depend on agriculture sector. According to the data released by National Sample Survey
(NSS) reflects that about 65 to 70 per cent of all agricultural holdings belonged to the smaller size groups of families. These
small and marginal farmers required credit facility. Agricultural credit appears to be an essential input to take the advantage
of modern technology in agriculture sector for enhancing productivity. That is the reason credit has been taking a crucial role
in designing strategies for the development of agriculture. This paper put emphasis on proper planning for effective utilization
of credit facilities.
E-Banking System: Opportunities and Challenges – A StudyRHIMRJ Journal
E-Banking Service in India is still in the emerging stages of growth and development. Competition and changes in
technology have changed the face of Banking. The changes that have taken place impose on banks tough standards of
competition and compliance. E-banking is the use of computer system to retrieve and process banking data and information to
initiate transactions directly with a bank via a telecommunication network. In other words-banking is the wave of future. E
Banking is likely to bring golden opportunities as well as poses new challenges for authorities in regulating and supervising
the financial system and in designing and implementing the macroeconomic policy. This research paper aims to represent EBanking
System in India.
The fundamental difference between Man and animal is Rationality with which Intelligence Quotient (IQ) deals
.The fundamental difference between Man and Machine (Robot) is Emotionality with which Emotional Intelligence (EQ)
deals. Thus IQ and EQ are human specific qualities. Both are reflected in man’s social behavior and interactions with which
Social Intelligence (SQ) deals. Present paper aims at examining whether these three typically human faculties are
independent or are inter-correlated. Three questionnaires measuring IQ, EQ and SQ respectively were given to 60 college
students, including males and females. Pearson and Partial Correlations were calculated through SPSS 15.0. The results
showed no significant correlation of IQ with EQ and SQ, but the correlation between EQ and SQ was found to be statistically
significant. This implies that IQ is independent faculty but EQ and SQ are correlated.
Family Shopping- How are Choices Impacted by the Decision Making Processes of...RHIMRJ Journal
Now a days shopping is just not shopping buy an experience or family entertainment. Due to huge range of products and
plenty of malls around us customer has to choose a bit. Especially family with children and young shoppers has to ask them about
their decision regarding some of the products, which influence the young shoppers in the family. The choice of young shoppers in
the family shopping is one of the most important matters now days.
Library and Information Centers Professionals Engagement: An Antecedent of Jo...RHIMRJ Journal
Library and Information Centers are increasingly recognizing the value of employee engagement – encompassing
volunteerism and employee giving – in bringing benefits to society and meeting the objectives of the organizations. Libraries
put more emphasis on the employee engagement aspect of community involvement; they can realize even stronger results. A
successful employee engagement strategy helps create a community at the workplace and not just a workforce. When
employees are effectively and positively engaged with their organization, they form an emotional connection with the company.
This affects their attitude towards their colleagues and the company‘s clients and improves customer satisfaction and
organizational welfare. The paper focuses on how LIS employee engagement is an antecedent of job involvement and what
should a company do to make the employees engaged. This paper also highlights on the various methods that can be practiced
in organizations for engaging the employees in productive work and creating an atmosphere of cooperation and trust between
them. The paper attempts to do an analysis of employee engagement strategies adopted by the organization on the basis of the
widely accepted Ten Cs Model of Employee Engagement.
Growth Story of Online Retailing & E-Commerce in IndiaRHIMRJ Journal
On 14 September 2014 business standard has highlighted that “Cash may no longer be king”. Growth in
transactions has happened on the back of a huge network expansion from 98074 ATM in May 2012 to 164491 now. In the
same period the number of POS terminals, too, jumped from 671834 to over a million now. The Indian Online Retail is a rich
segment waiting to be exploited. Internet is a potent medium that can serve as a unique platform for the growth of retail brands
in India. The medium holds many virtues favorable for the retail industry including a higher customer penetration, increased
visibility, and convenient operations. The current web-based models for e-tailing are part of an embryonic phase preceding an
era of rapid transformation, challenge, and opportunity in Indian retail market. The Indian retail market is witnessing a
revolution. The growth of internet has enabled the new retail format of the virtual retailer to emerge and forced the existing
retailers to consider e-tailing model of retailing as well.
A Study on Buying Behavior of Indian Consumers: A Dynamic ViewRHIMRJ Journal
In this dynamic world the behavior of consumers varying day to day. This research study is based on the consumer’s
perceptions, buying behaviour and satisfaction of the consumers in Indian market. The Indian consumers are known for the
high degree of value orientation. India is an attractive market however, the per capita income in India is low and it remains a
huge market, even for luxurious products. Consumer behaviour is difficult and very often not considered rational. The recent
trends which are found in the Indian market are celebrity influence, online shopping, free gifts and discounts and also for
popularity of eco-friendly products.
Financial system occupies an important place in Indian Economy as one of the industries. It outperforms certain
essential functions for the economy including managing of payment system, collection & allocation of the savings of society
and creation of a variety of stores of wealth to suit the preferences of savers. Finance is the flowing blood in the body of
financial system in any country. It bridges gap between the saving & investments by providing the mechanism through which
savings of savers are pooled and are put into the hands of those able & willing to invest by financial agencies. Hence, the role
of financial system is to promote savings and their channalisation in the economy through financial assets that are more
productive than the physical assets. Therefore, the workings of financial system are vital to pace and sustainable growth of the
economy. Financial system plays a momentous role in access the rate of economic development, which is to improving general
standard of living & higher social welfare in the country.
Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices among the Lactating Mothers: A Cross...RHIMRJ Journal
Introduction: Early and exclusive breastfeeding is now recognized as one of the most effective interventions for child
survival particularly to address morbidity and mortality related to three major conditions i.e. neonatal infections, diarrhea
and pneumonia.
2. Aim: To study the infant and young child feeding practices among the lactating mothers of village Khuda Lahora of
Chandigarh.
3. Objectives:
a. To assess the prevailing breast feeding practices adopted by the lactating mothers of village Khuda Lahora.
b. To identify the barriers which lead to inappropriate breast feeding practices.
c. To examine the complementary feeding given to the infants and young children of the village.
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Chandigarh. The total population of the village is 3,476. There are 2,011 males and 1,456 females. There were 191
mothers who were registered in the sub centre of the village but only 167 participated in the study.
5. Results: The rate of exclusive breast feeding among the lactating mothers is found to be 22.7% and 46% of the mothers
have some prior knowledge of breastfeeding. It was found that 71% of the respondents started complementary feeding at
the age of 4-5 months. It is seen that 29% of the respondents gave diluted milk.
Provisions for Corporate Social Responsibility in Companies Act, 2013RHIMRJ Journal
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society’s needs have exceeded the capabilities of Governments to fulfill them. In this context, the spotlight is increasingly
turning to focus on the role of business in society and progressive companies are seeking to differentiate themselves through
engagement in what is referred to as CSR. The Companies Act, 2013 has taken one step ahead and introduced mandatory
provisions in the field of CSR. Though many believe that concerns on the new company law are manifold and it is a bold yet
not beautiful step. For instance, India Inc is concerned that the cost of board performance evaluation may outweigh the
benefits for many small companies in this regard. Also, it has concerns about the prospect of an over regulated regime and the
attendant scourge of corruption. Given the advantages and concerns on the new regulations introduced by the new Companies
Act, we all need to wait and watch once the companies start implementing the new provisions and therefore, the practical
aspects and implications will be evaluated thereafter.
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Macroeconomics- Movie Location
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Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
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2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
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Parents Attitude towards Girl Child Education: A Sociological Study of Haryana
1. ISSN: 2349-7637 (Online)
Volume-1, Issue-4, November 2014
RESEARCH HUB – International Multidisciplinary Research
Journal
Research Paper
Available online at: www.rhimrj.com
Parents Attitude towards Girl Child Education:
A Sociological Study of Haryana
Ms. Reshma
M. Phil. Scholar,
Department of Sociology,
M. D. University
Rohtak, Haryana, India
E-Mail: reshmasmdu@gmail.com
Abstract: Girls and boys have the same rights to get a quality education. But the ‘gender gap’ becomes painfully evident when
looking at who is in the classroom. Girls lag behind than boys at all levels of formal education in Haryana. Enrolment,
retention, transition and achievement rates for girls are always lower than that of boys. This means that even many of the girls
who are enrolled in school do not complete Secondary School education. There is the strong belief that negative parental
attitude must be blamed for the low level education of girls. The purpose of the present study was, therefore, to assessing
current parental attitude towards the education of girls children. The study analyzed the data from 50 parents, who had one or
more than one school going children. Out of these, 20 parents belonged to upper caste families, 15 parents belonged to middle
caste families and 15 parents belonged to lower caste families. The age range of the sample was 18-50 years, and they all
belonged to Bohar village of Rohtak District. 20-item questionnaire schedule was used for collecting data. The findings
showed that the overall attitude of the respondents was moderately favorable and positive towards schooling and education of
their children. The study reflects that generally parents would want to educate both boys and girls, however when there are
other demands on the family's resources that the education of the girl child is considered a secondary issue.
Keywords:-Parents Attitude, Gender Gap, Girl Child Education, Family’s Resources.
I. INTRODUCTION
According to Aristotle, education means, “Creation of sound mind in a sound body”. Education develops men/women mind so
that he may be able to enjoy the contemplation of supreme truth, goodness & beauty. There are different views about education
from different philosophers & different educationists. Education is the process of becoming critically aware of one’s reality in a
manner that leads to effective action upon it. An educated man/women understands his/her world well enough to deal with it
effectively. Such men/women if they existed in sufficient numbers would not leave the absurdities of the present world unchanged.
The prosperity of a country depends on the number of its cultivated citizens, education of men & women, enlightment & character.
Education is very important to every person. Education is not only the right of men but women as well. Female education is the
need of the hour. Without educating the women of the country we can’t hope for a developed nation. Women plays a vital role in
the all-round progress of a country. If we want to make democracy successful, women must be educated. They are the real
builders of happy homes.
It is said that if we educate a man, we educate a man only, but if we educate a woman, we educate the whole family. This
highlights the importance of female education. It is a fact that women are the first teachers of their children. Hence, if mothers are
well educated, they can play an important role in shaping and molding of their sons and daughters.
II. MEANING OF EDUCATION
Education in its general sense is a form of learning in which the knowledge, skills, and habits of a group of people are
transferred from one generation to the next through teaching, training, or research. Education frequently takes place under the
guidance of others, but may also be autodidactic. Any experience that has a formative effect on the way one thinks, feels, or acts
may be considered educational. Education is commonly divided into stages such as preschool, primary school, secondary school,
and then college/university or apprenticeship.
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2. RESEARCH HUB – International Multidisciplinary Research Journal
Volume-1, Issue-4, November 2014
III. REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Bogunović Blanka and Polovina Nada (2007) found in a study that the family stimulation is the resultant of the influence of
cultural and educational profile of the family and active parental attitudes regarding education and attainment of their children.
They examined the students’ attitudes towards schooling, and to obtain answers to the question: which stimulating aspects of
family context are the most predictable for the development of educational aspirations, i.e. attitudes towards school and gaining
knowledge, educational interests and plans for further education. The results indicated a trend of inter relatedness of cognitively
and educationally favorable conditions within the family and positive attitudes towards school, attainment, high aspirations and
cognitive and intellectual interests for out-of-school activities.
Sen, (1992) in his study found that the cultural factors may play an intermediate role. They influence the choices made by
individuals, through their own attitudes, and those of the people in their close environment. With respect to culture, India is part of
what Caldwell (1982) has called the belt of classical patriarchy that stretches from North Africa to China and includes both
Muslim, Hindu and Confucian cultures. His result indicated that the cultural factors show that belonging to a disadvantaged caste
or tribe is negatively associated with schooling. Girls belonging to a scheduled caste are less in school in rural areas and girls
belonging to a scheduled tribe are less in school in urban areas. The odds of being in school are also significantly reduced for
children whose mothers had their first child at a young age and for children whose mothers have a preference for boys over girls.
The percentage of women compared to men in the age group 20–59 is positively related to the odds of being in school in rural
areas, thus his result 16 indicated that in districts with less “missing women” the chances of children being in school are higher.
Huisman, Rani, and Smits, (2010) studied the role of socio-economic and cultural factors, and of characteristics of the
educational infrastructure on primary school enrolment, The sample constituted 70,000 children living in 439 districts of 26 states
of India. The results indicated that most of the variation in educational enrolment (around 70%) is explained by factors at the
household level, of which socio-economic factors are most important. And the result also indicated that, in the cities schooling
decisions are hardly influenced by supply-side factors. In rural areas, however, these factors do play an important role. If there are
fewer schools or teachers, or if the local culture is more patriarchal, rural children (in particular girls) participate substantially less.
The major finding in this respect was that in rural areas inequalities between socio-economic status groups are lower if more
schools and teachers are available.
It has been emphasized that (Bhalotra& Heady (2003); Basu, Das and Dutta, (2003) that fathers who are in salaried
employment are more likely to be aware of the importance of education and hence to invest more in their children’s education.
The children themselves may also be more aware of the benefits of education. On the other hand, parents are less likely to invest
in their children’s education when direct occupational transmission or transference of capital is available option to obtain a good
position in society for their children. Hence farmers and business owners may feel less need to invest in their children’s education
than the people who are in service.
TNS Social research (September 2003-June 2004) stated that parents’ attitudes towards education were generally very positive.
The majority (97%) agreed that a good education would help their child to get ahead in life. While 93% thought the qualifications
were important to their child’s future, 90% also agreed that children learn important life skills at school. Three fourth of parents
(76%) agreed that their child’s school is good at communicating with them and the majority (86%) agreed that their child’s
teachers do a great job. Just over a fifth (22%) felt that their child’s school tended to be too interested in bright children at the
expense of the others, although only 7% thought that the school takes too much interest in their child’s home life. Just under a
fifth of parents/careers (18%) thought that most of the things their child learns at school are not relevant to real life. A small
proportion (14%) of parents saw it as acceptable that if their child did not want to study now, s/he could study when s/he was
older. Their study was based on to identify whether there were any differences in parents’ attitudes towards attendance between
the general population and a group of parents whose children were currently not attending school. This research has not identified
any differences in the attitudes of parents in the general population.
IV. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
1. To study the attitudes of parents towards the girl’s education.
2. To find out the awareness of parents related to girl’s education schemes/scholarships.
V. METHODOLOGY & DATA ANALYSIS
Methodology is a planning which is needed in each and every sphere of life. When we start any research it is necessary to plan
the procedures and methods to be used.
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We have collected our data from primary sources. For the collection of data we have adopted interview schedule and
observation as major technique. We have taken total of 50 respondents of Bohar village. A questionnaire was formulated and
question contained in questionnaire were about their age, caste, education, occupation, awareness of girl’s education etc.
TABLE-1
Age & Sex wise distribution of respondents
Age Group Male respondents Female respondents Total no. of respondents Percentage
18-35 (Youth) 10 10 20 40%
36-50 (Middle) 10 9 19 38%
50 and more (Old) 07 04 11 22%
Total 27 23 5 1000%
The table-1 presents the age& sex wise classification of the respondents. A perusal of the table reveals that out of total sample
of 50 respondents 40% belonged to 18-35 years of age group in which 10 male respondents and 10 female respondents,
38%belonged to 36-50 years of age group in which 10 male respondents and 16 female respondents. Only 22% respondents were
from the age group of above 50 years in which 07 male respondents and 04 female respondents.
TABLE-2
Educational Level of respondents
Education level Respondents Percentage
Illiterate 02 4%
Matric 22 44%
Senior Secondary 16 32%
Graduate 09 18%
Post Graduate 01 02%
Total 50 100%
The table-2 shows that majority of our respondents 44% were matric passed. 32% were studied up to senior secondary level.
Followed by graduate level 18% and 2% respondents were Post-graduate and 4% respondents were illiterate also. Education is
essential to bring awareness in the respondents in context to girl child education.
TABLE-3
Caste wise Awareness of the Respondents about Girl Child Education Schemes/Scholarships
Caste wise Awareness Respondents saying ‘yes’ Percentage
Upper caste 16 80%
Middle caste 11 73.33%
Lower caste 07 46%
Table-3 shows that lower caste respondents have very less awareness about the schemes/scholarships related to girl child
education. Even upper caste respondents and middle caste respondents have good knowledge about girl child education
schemes/scholarships.
VI. FINDING
From this study we found that parents of all caste have highly positive attitude towards the education of their girl child. But
mothers have more positive attitude towards the education of their girl child than fathers. High Education level also positively
effects the parent attitude towards girl child education. Parents belonging to upper caste and middle caste families have highest
percentage awareness of schemes/scholarships related to girl child education. Parents belonging to the higher socio-economic
status have more favorable attitude towards the education of their girl child.
Page 3 of 4
Source: Computed from primary data
Source: Computed from primary data
Source: Computed from primary data
2014, RHIMRJ, All Rights Reserved ISSN: 2349-7637 (Online)
4. RESEARCH HUB – International Multidisciplinary Research Journal
Volume-1, Issue-4, November 2014
VII. CONCLUSION
In view of the findings of the study the following conclusions were formed; Parents have highly positive attitude towards the
education of their girl child. Mothers have comparatively more favorable attitude towards the education of their girl child than
father. Though level of education of parents and their level of income is not independently related to the attitude towards the
education of their girl child, but when level of education and level of income of parents are studied together they showed positive
relationship with the attitude towards the education of their girl child.
REFERENCES
1. Abdulrazaq, ‘Women education: problems & implications forfamily responsibility, The Nigerian Journal of Guidance & Counselling,
2. AyubBuzdar, Muhammad and Ali, Akhtar; “Parents Attitude toward Daughters’ Education in Tribal Area of Ghazi Khan (Pakistan)”,
Turkish Online Journal of Qualitative Inquiry, January, 2011, 2(1).
3. Bhagy Lakshmi, ‘Attitude of Rural Parents towards Girl’sEducation, Edutracks, Vol-7, No.-2, Oct. 2007.
4. Buch, M. B., Chief Editor (1997), V Survey of Educational Research, New Delhi, NCERT.
5. Dogar, Azeem, Feroze and Shakoor, “Parents Gender Biased Attitude towards Education”, International Journal of Humanities and
6. Kamaldeen, Muhammad Buhari and Parakoyi D.B., “Perception, Attitude and Practices of Parents in Okene, Nigeria towards Girl-child
Education”, International Journal of Scientific and Research Publication Vol. 2, Issue8, August 2012, ISSN 2250-3153.
7. Kotwani, Suresh T., “Attitude of Parents towards Girl’s Education”, International Research Journal, Jaipur, India, April, 2012.
8. Sekher, T.V., “Special Financial Incentive Schemes for the Girl Child in India”, International Institute for Population sciences,
Page 4 of 4
9(1).
Social Science, Vol. I No. 16, November 2011.
Mumbai, 2010.
2014, RHIMRJ, All Rights Reserved ISSN: 2349-7637 (Online)