This document discusses networks, the Internet, and related topics. It defines a network as a set of connected devices that share resources and communicate through various media. The largest network is the Internet, which uses TCP/IP protocols and packet switching to transmit data over diverse communication systems on a global scale. The document also describes intranets, which are private internal networks, and extranets, which allow controlled external access. Key terms like Memex, Shannon's information theory, and the invention of the silicon chip provide historical context.

1. INTERNET, WWW AND E-MAIL
TOPIC1: NETWORK AND INTERNET
FUNDAMENTAL

2. OUTLINES
 NETWORK COMPONENTS
 WHAT IS NETWORK
 TYPES OF NETWORKS
 BENEFITS
 RISK OF NETWORK COMPUTING
 INTERNET HISTORY
 WHAT IS INTERNET
 WHAT IS INTRANET
 WHAT IS EXTRANET

3. NETWORK DEFINITION
 A network is a set of devices connected by
communication links.
 The connections ( Network Link) between nodes
are established using either cable media or
wireless media
 The best known computer network is the Internet

4. NETWORK COMPONENTS
Computer (sender+ receiver)
2. Message
3. Protocol
1.

5. BENEFITS OF NETWORK
 Resource sharing
–Printer, processing power, disk
space etc
–Reduces cost
 Communication
–Email, chatting, video conferencing

6. RISK OF NETWORKS
COMPUTING
 The risk of leakage of
authenticated data on the
network by the attack of
hackers.

7. TYPES OF NETWOKS

8. LAN
Privately owned over a small
area(500 m)

9. MAN
Bigger version of LAN, Covers an area
as big as a city

10. WAN
Covers whole nation or continent

11. INTERNET HISTORY

12. INTERNET
 The largest network of networks in
the world.
 Uses TCP/IP protocols and packet
switching.
 Runs on any communications
substrate

13. PACKET SWITCHING
 A mode of data transmission in which
a message is broken into a number of
parts
 that are sent independently,
 over whatever route is optimum for
each packet,
 and reassembled at the destination.

14. WHAT IS PROTOCOL
 A protocol is the special set of
rules that end points in a
telecommunication connection.
 use when they communicate.

15. TCP/IP PROTOCOL
 Transmission Control
Protocol/Internet Protocol: TCP/IP
 Is the basic communication
language OR protocol of Internet.

16. TCP: TRANSMISSION CONTROL
PROTOCOL
 Is one of the core protocol of the internet
protocol suite.
 Specify how data should be formatted,
addressed
 When you are set up with direct access to
the internet, your computer is provided with
a copy of the TCP/IP program
 just as every other computer that you may
send message to or get information from
also has a copy of TCP/IP.

17. IP: INTERNET PROTOCOL
 Internet protocol
 Handles the address part of each
packet so that it gets to the right
destination.

18. HOW TCP/IP WOPRKS
How data travels over

19. INTRANET
 A network based on TCP/IP protocols (an
internet) belonging to an organization,
 Is a collection of private computer networks within
an organization.
 accessible only by the organization's members,
employees, or others with authorization.

20. EXTRANET
 refers to an intranet that is partially accessible to




authorized outsiders.
An extranet provides various levels of
accessibility to outsiders.
You can access an extranet only if you have a
valid username and password,
and your identity determines which parts of the
extranet you can view.
Extranets are becoming a very popular means for
business partners to exchange information.

21. TERMENOLOGY
Memex
 the most important mechanism,
conceived by Vannevar Bush
 Brush introduced the idea for a microfilm
based machine for storing and retrieving
knowledge.
 It considered as closed to the modern
hypertext system .

22. TERMENOLOGY
Mathematical theory of
communication:
 is an influential 1948 .
 Article by mathematician Claude E.
Shannon.
 Claude Shannon demonstrate how to
generate “English looking” text using
Markov chains.
 www.khanacademy.org/math/applied-

23. TERMENOLOGY
Silicon Chip:
 was first discovered by Jack S Kilby at
Texas in 1958,
 that are imprinted onto a tiny chip of a
semiconducting material, such as Silicon .
 It’s an electronic equipment consisting of a
small crystal of silicon semiconductor
fabricated to carry out a number of
electronic function in an integrated circuit
 Example: microprocessor chip