Renewable energy sources include solar, wind, biomass, tidal, and geothermal energy. They are freely available from nature and can be continuously renewed, unlike conventional energy sources which are limited. Renewable energy sources are needed because conventional sources are limited, costs are increasing, transportation is difficult and costly, and they cause pollution. India has potential to harness energy from solar, wind, biomass, tidal, and geothermal sources. These renewable sources maintain ecological balance and are always available. Solar energy provides 7 kWh/day/square meter but has low density and is not continuous. Wind energy potential varies by location from 8-25 km/hr at seashores, and has been used to generate electricity via

1. DEFINITION
The source of energy (S,W,B,T,G) which is freely
available from nature and never exhausting and
continuous renewed are called Renewable Energy
Sources.

2. NEED OF RENEWABLE ENERGY
1. Conventional energy sources fixed and limited
2. Cost, Demand and Supply increase
3. Conventional energy sources can’t be regenerated
4. Transportation of coal, petroleum difficult and costly
5. Associated with hazards and fire
6. Transmission and Distribution costly of Conventional energy sources
7. Conventional energy sources produces pollution
8. Conventional energy sources are owned by few country
9. Energy security of conventional energy sources very less

3. POTENTIAL OF RENEWABLE
ENERGY SOURCES IN INDIA
1. Solar energy
2. Wind energy
3. Bio mass energy
4. Tidal energy
5. Geo thermal energy
 These sources of energy maintain ecological balance
 Always available without failing
 Without that living organisms can not exist

4. SOLAR ENERGY
 Seven kWh/ day/ square meter available
 Density of solar radiation is quite low
 Availability is not continuous
 So utilization of solar energy is limited
APPLICATION
 Solar water heater
 Solar dryer
 Solar water pump
 Solar furnaces
 Traffic light, Street light and railways signal
 Electronic devices
 Solar cooker
LIMITATION
 Energy density is quite low
 Day and Night cycles
 In monsoon not available
 Winter season solar rays weak
 Solar collectors occupy large area

5. WIND ENERGY
 Different place different wind
 Seashore 8 km/hr to 25 km/hr
 How wind produce?
 Potential 1.6 MW to 107 MW = Total energy consumption on earth
 Indirect source of solar energy
 Used to get mechanical energy by wind turbine
APPLICATION
Generate Electrical energy by wind mill
Water pump for irrigation
Flour mill
Run machine without electric power
LIMITATION
Direction and motion of wind not continuous
Unpredictable
In interior region not suitable
Uneven speed cause difficulty to generate EE
Wind speed at seashore in thunderstorm very high

6. BIOMASS ENERGY
Higher Capacity factors than other renewables
Fuel wood, agricultural residues, animal waste
500 kW gasifier - largest installation

7. BIOMASS ENERGY
Higher Capacity factors than other renewables
Fuel wood, agricultural residues, animal waste
500 kW gasifier - largest installation