Outline: 1. Introduction 2. Solar Energy 3. Wind Energy 4. Hydropower 5. Biomass Energy 6. Geothermal Energy 7. Wave and Tidal Energy Note: This is only the introduction part of a very big presentation. Please download the full version from here: https://goo.gl/bXRLGd

1. NAVEED UR REHMAN
www.naveedurrehman.com
www.naveedurrehman.com 1

2. This is only the introduction part of a very
big presentation.
Please download the full version from here:
https://goo.gl/bXRLGd
www.naveedurrehman.com 2

3. RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS
Outline
1. Introduction
2. Solar Energy
3. Wind Energy
4. Hydropower
5. Biomass Energy
6. Geothermal Energy
7. Wave and Tidal Energywww.naveedurrehman.com 3

4. RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS
Introduction
• Comparison of different forms of energy
• National and global patterns of energy supply
and utilization
• Temperature and other climate impacts
www.naveedurrehman.com 4

5. RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS
Solar Energy
• Solar radiations
• Passive and active solar thermal energy system
• Solar thermal applications
• Water and space heating
• Solar ponds, dryers and distillation
• Solar thermal electric systems
• Photovoltaic cells
• Storage system www.naveedurrehman.com 5

6. RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS
Wind Energy
• Wind resources and characteristics
• Wind machinery and generating systems
• Wind turbine types:
horizontal axis & vertical axis
• Betz conditions
• Effects of solidity
• Controlling and optimizing wind turbine
performance www.naveedurrehman.com 6

7. RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS
Hydropower
• Basic energy conversion principle
• Conversion equipment and engineering
operations
• Hydraulic machine types
• Affinity laws and specific speed related to
rotodynamic machines
www.naveedurrehman.com 7

8. RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS
Biomass Energy
• Biomass resources and biofuels production
• Properties relevant to energy production
• Thermal conversion of biomass
• Biochemical conversion: anaerobic digestion,
fermentation to alcohol, physical processing
and briquetting
• Combustion process
• Use of biomass derived fuelswww.naveedurrehman.com 8

9. RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS
Geothermal Energy
• Geophysics of the earth’s interior
• Hydrothermal and geo-pressured systems
• Equipment for recovering energy
• Direct heat utilization and electric power
generation
www.naveedurrehman.com 9

10. RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS
Wave and Tidal Energy
• Energy from tides, waves and temperature
differences
• Economic prospects
• Environmental and sustainability considerations
• Types of equipment for extracting wave and
tidal energy
www.naveedurrehman.com 10

11. RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS
Books
• John Twidell and Tony Weir, “Renewable
Energy Resources”, Routledge, 2014.
• Godfrey Boyle, “Renewable Energy:
Power for a Sustainable Future”, Oxford
University Press, 2004.
www.naveedurrehman.com 11

12. Introduction
NAVEED UR REHMAN
www.naveedurrehman.com
www.naveedurrehman.com 12

13. INTRODUCTION
All the renewable energy sources are principally derived
from the enormous power of Sun's radiation.
www.naveedurrehman.com 13

14. INTRODUCTION
These renewable energy sources are at once, the most
ancient and now, the most modern forms of energy used
by humanity.
www.naveedurrehman.com 14

15. INTRODUCTION
Solar power is one of the ultimate sources of energy upon
which early human societies were based.
www.naveedurrehman.com 15

16. INTRODUCTION
When our ancestors first used fire, they were harnessing
the power of photosynthesis which is a solar driven
process by which plants are created from water and
atmospheric carbon dioxide.
www.naveedurrehman.com 16

17. INTRODUCTION
Societies went on to develop ways of harnessing the
movements of water and wind to grind corn, irrigate crops
and propel ships.
www.naveedurrehman.com 17

18. INTRODUCTION
Both the natural movements of water and wind are caused
by solar heating of the oceans and atmosphere.
www.naveedurrehman.com 18

19. INTRODUCTION
As civilizations became more sophisticated, architects
began to design buildings to take advantage of the Sun’s
energy by enhancing their natural use of its heat and light,
so reducing the need for artificial sources of warmth and
illumination.
www.naveedurrehman.com 19

20. INTRODUCTION
Technologies for harnessing the power of Sun, water and
wind continued to improve right up to the early years of
the industrial revolution.
www.naveedurrehman.com 20

21. INTRODUCTION
However, by then the advantages of coal,
the first of the fossil fuels to be exploited
on a large scale, had become apparent.
www.naveedurrehman.com 21

22. INTRODUCTION
These highly-concentrated energy sources soon displaced
wood, wind and water in the homes, industries and
transport systems of the industrial nations.
www.naveedurrehman.com 22

23. INTRODUCTION
Today the fossil fuel trio of coal, natural gas and oil provide
over 80% of the world’s energy.
www.naveedurrehman.com 23

24. INTRODUCTION
Concerns about the adverse environmental and social
consequences of fossil fuel use, such as air pollution, oil
spills, mining accidents, deforestation and about the finite
nature of supplies, have been voiced intermittently for
several centuries.
www.naveedurrehman.com 24

25. INTRODUCTION
But it was not until the 1970s,
with the steep price rises of
the ‘oil crisis’ and the advent
of the environmental
movement, that humanity
began to take more seriously
the prospect of fossil fuels
‘running out’, and the
possibility that their
continued use could be
destabilizing the planet’s
natural ecosystems and the
global climate. www.naveedurrehman.com 25

26. INTRODUCTION
The development of nuclear energy following World War II
raised hopes of a cheap, plentiful and clean alternative to
fossil fuels.
www.naveedurrehman.com 26

27. INTRODUCTION
However, nuclear power development has stalled in some
countries in recent years, due to increasing concern about
safety, cost, waste disposal and weapons proliferation,
although in other countries nuclear expansion is
continuing.
www.naveedurrehman.com 27

28. INTRODUCTION
Continuing
concerns about
the
‘sustainability’ of
both fossil and
nuclear fuel use
have been a
major catalyst of
renewed interest
in the renewable
energy sources in
recent decades.
www.naveedurrehman.com 28

29. INTRODUCTION
Now, what is a Sustainable Energy Source?
Sustainable energy source is one which help this
world in meeting its present needs without
depleting of serving next generation’s needs.
www.naveedurrehman.com 29

30. INTRODUCTION
Sustainable energy does not involve significant
pollutant emissions or other environmental
problems.
www.naveedurrehman.com 30

31. INTRODUCTION
Also, sustainable energy does not involve the
spread of substantial health hazards or social
injustices.
www.naveedurrehman.com 31

32. INTRODUCTION
At present, oil and gas present at large scale and
thus are sustainable energy sources.
www.naveedurrehman.com 32

33. INTRODUCTION
What is a Renewable
Energy Source?
Renewable energy
source include such a
natural source which
can be replaced by
natural ecological
cycles. That is, they
renew thus never gets
deplete.
www.naveedurrehman.com 33

34. INTRODUCTION
Tidal, wave, geothermal, wind and solar energies
are counted as renewable energy sources.
www.naveedurrehman.com 34

35. INTRODUCTION
The energy
coming from
sun and wind
can be
characterized
as both
sustainable
and
renewable
energy
sources.
www.naveedurrehman.com 35

36. This is only the introduction part of a very
big presentation.
Please download the full version from here:
https://goo.gl/bXRLGd
www.naveedurrehman.com 36

37. www.naveedurrehman.com 37