Necrotizing Fasciitis
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Necrotizing fasciitis is a rare and severe bacterial infection that affects the deeper layers of skin and soft tissue. It progresses rapidly and is more common in people with compromised immune systems. The bacteria infiltrate through a minor cut or scrape and release toxins that kill surrounding tissue. Symptoms include a small, painful lump that grows quickly and turns black as the tissue dies. Aggressive treatments involving antibiotics, surgery to remove dead tissue, and skin grafts are needed to prevent severe deformities or death from this infection.
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NECROTISING FASCIITIS- The flesh eating infection
NECROTISING FASCIITIS- the flesh eating infection
#surgicaleducator #necrotisingfasciitis #surgicaltutor #babysurgeon #usmle
· Dear Viewers
· Greetings from “Surgical Educator”
· Today in this episode I have discussed about Necrotising Fasciitis- the flesh eating infection
· It is common in immunocompromised patients even after trivial trauma.
· I have discussed about the overview,etiology,types,clinical features,complications and treatment of Necrotising Fasciitis
· I hope this video is interesting and also useful to all of you
· You can watch the video in the following links:
· surgicaleducator.blogspot.com youtube.com/c/surgicaleducator
Thank you for watching the video
Necrotizing fasciitis
Necrotizing fasciitis is a rare but serious bacterial infection that rapidly destroys skin, fat, and muscle tissue. It begins as pain, swelling, and redness in the area of infection. The bacteria release toxins that kill tissue and the infection spreads quickly. Treatment requires intravenous antibiotics, extensive surgery to remove dead tissue, and sometimes amputation of limbs. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent death from shock or organ failure.
NECROTISING SOFT TISSUE INFECTION- Dr. Kiran Kumar G.
This document discusses necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTI), which are characterized by rapidly progressive necrosis of subcutaneous tissue, fascia, or muscle. NSTIs are classified as fasciitis or myositis based on the affected tissue layer. The document outlines the differences between NSTI, cellulitis, and abscesses. It describes the types, presentations, risk factors, investigations, scoring systems, and treatment approaches for NSTI. Early and aggressive surgical debridement combined with broad-spectrum antibiotics is critical to reduce mortality from these severe infections.
NECROTIZING FASCITIS
This document discusses necrotizing fasciitis and gas gangrene. It defines necrotizing fasciitis as a necrotizing soft tissue infection along fascial planes that can present with disproportionate pain and swelling. Risk factors include diabetes and immunosuppression. Treatment involves broad-spectrum antibiotics and urgent debridement. Gas gangrene is caused by Clostridium bacteria, often after trauma. It presents with pain, swelling and crepitus, and is treated with antibiotics and radical debridement to remove necrotic muscle. Imaging may show gas in tissues. Both conditions require prompt recognition and aggressive treatment to prevent mortality.
Necrotizing fasciitis
This was my short presentation on Necrotizing Fasciitis or as it is commonly known as "Flesh Eating Virus". Sorry if I am missing any point.
Cellulitis
This document discusses cellulitis, including its definition, diagnosis, microbiology, and treatment approaches. It provides guidelines for treating non-purulent versus purulent cellulitis, and recommendations for oral versus intravenous antibiotics. Hospitalization is warranted for extensive or systemic infections, including the case presented of a patient with a large, draining leg wound requiring IV vancomycin.
Wound Debridement
Debridement is an important component of the wound bed preparation (WBP) management Model.
Cause of the wound and patient-centered concerns, debridement is a necessary step in local wound care.
Debridement is the removal of necrotic tissue, exudate, bacteria, and metabolic waste from a wound in order to improve or facilitate the healing process
Management of open fractures
This document discusses the management of open fractures. It begins by defining an open fracture and classifying open fractures using the Gustilo and Tscherne systems. It then outlines the treatment principles of open fractures which include antibiotic prophylaxis, wound debridement, and fracture stabilization. The initial management, primary surgery including further debridement, irrigation, and skeletal stabilization are described. Factors determining limb salvage versus amputation are provided. The document concludes with discussions on external fixation, internal fixation, and wound closure approaches.
Recommended
NECROTISING FASCIITIS- The flesh eating infection
NECROTISING FASCIITIS- the flesh eating infection
#surgicaleducator #necrotisingfasciitis #surgicaltutor #babysurgeon #usmle
· Dear Viewers
· Greetings from “Surgical Educator”
· Today in this episode I have discussed about Necrotising Fasciitis- the flesh eating infection
· It is common in immunocompromised patients even after trivial trauma.
· I have discussed about the overview,etiology,types,clinical features,complications and treatment of Necrotising Fasciitis
· I hope this video is interesting and also useful to all of you
· You can watch the video in the following links:
· surgicaleducator.blogspot.com youtube.com/c/surgicaleducator
Thank you for watching the video
Necrotizing fasciitis
Necrotizing fasciitis is a rare but serious bacterial infection that rapidly destroys skin, fat, and muscle tissue. It begins as pain, swelling, and redness in the area of infection. The bacteria release toxins that kill tissue and the infection spreads quickly. Treatment requires intravenous antibiotics, extensive surgery to remove dead tissue, and sometimes amputation of limbs. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent death from shock or organ failure.
NECROTISING SOFT TISSUE INFECTION- Dr. Kiran Kumar G.
This document discusses necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTI), which are characterized by rapidly progressive necrosis of subcutaneous tissue, fascia, or muscle. NSTIs are classified as fasciitis or myositis based on the affected tissue layer. The document outlines the differences between NSTI, cellulitis, and abscesses. It describes the types, presentations, risk factors, investigations, scoring systems, and treatment approaches for NSTI. Early and aggressive surgical debridement combined with broad-spectrum antibiotics is critical to reduce mortality from these severe infections.
NECROTIZING FASCITIS
This document discusses necrotizing fasciitis and gas gangrene. It defines necrotizing fasciitis as a necrotizing soft tissue infection along fascial planes that can present with disproportionate pain and swelling. Risk factors include diabetes and immunosuppression. Treatment involves broad-spectrum antibiotics and urgent debridement. Gas gangrene is caused by Clostridium bacteria, often after trauma. It presents with pain, swelling and crepitus, and is treated with antibiotics and radical debridement to remove necrotic muscle. Imaging may show gas in tissues. Both conditions require prompt recognition and aggressive treatment to prevent mortality.
Necrotizing fasciitis
This was my short presentation on Necrotizing Fasciitis or as it is commonly known as "Flesh Eating Virus". Sorry if I am missing any point.
Cellulitis
This document discusses cellulitis, including its definition, diagnosis, microbiology, and treatment approaches. It provides guidelines for treating non-purulent versus purulent cellulitis, and recommendations for oral versus intravenous antibiotics. Hospitalization is warranted for extensive or systemic infections, including the case presented of a patient with a large, draining leg wound requiring IV vancomycin.
Wound Debridement
Debridement is an important component of the wound bed preparation (WBP) management Model.
Cause of the wound and patient-centered concerns, debridement is a necessary step in local wound care.
Debridement is the removal of necrotic tissue, exudate, bacteria, and metabolic waste from a wound in order to improve or facilitate the healing process
Management of open fractures
This document discusses the management of open fractures. It begins by defining an open fracture and classifying open fractures using the Gustilo and Tscherne systems. It then outlines the treatment principles of open fractures which include antibiotic prophylaxis, wound debridement, and fracture stabilization. The initial management, primary surgery including further debridement, irrigation, and skeletal stabilization are described. Factors determining limb salvage versus amputation are provided. The document concludes with discussions on external fixation, internal fixation, and wound closure approaches.
Necrotizing fasciitis
1) The document summarizes a presentation on a skin-sparing approach to treating necrotizing fasciitis in children.
2) Key aspects of the approach include early and wide debridement of non-viable tissues while preserving viable skin, with a median skin to fascia excision ratio of 0.1.
3) Using this approach in 13 patients, there was no mortality and low morbidity, with no patients requiring skin grafting and a median time to closure of 5 days.
Surgical infection
The document discusses the history and evolution of understanding of surgical site infections from ancient times through the present. Key developments include Hippocrates' view that disease was natural, the germ theory of Pasteur and Lister in the 19th century establishing the role of microorganisms, and advances in the 20th century including antibiotics and improved aseptic techniques reducing infection rates. Risk factors for surgical site infections include longer and more complex surgeries, older and immunosuppressed patients, and breaks in sterile technique.
Cellulitis vs necrotizing soft tissue infection
Cellulitis is an acute inflammatory skin infection caused by bacteria like streptococcus. It presents with pain, redness, swelling and warmth in the affected area. Necrotizing soft tissue infection (NSTI), sometimes called "flesh-eating disease", is a rapidly progressive infection of the deep soft tissues that causes tissue death. It is usually caused by streptococcus or staphylococcus and risk factors include immunosuppression. NSTI signs include poorly defined infection margins, edema beyond erythema, and skin gangrene or crepitus. Both require IV antibiotics but NSTI often needs early surgical debridement to remove dead tissue. With treatment, cellulitis has a good prognosis but untreated N
Chronic wounds
The Presentation deals with the basic types of Chronic Wounds that present in the Surgery dept. and their management
Open fracture
1. Open fractures are classified using the Gustilo-Anderson Classification based on the wound size and degree of soft tissue damage.
2. Essential treatment of open fractures includes administration of antibiotics, prompt wound debridement and irrigation, stabilization of the fracture, and early definitive wound cover.
3. Potential complications of open fractures include infection, osteomyelitis, compartment syndrome, and vascular injury which may require further intervention.
Necrotizing faciitis
This document describes a case of necrotizing fasciitis in a 54-year-old man. The man presented with swelling and pain in his left lower leg, along with watery discharge and skin blisters. He had a history of an insect bite a month prior. Investigation revealed elevated white blood cell count and blood sugar. The patient was diagnosed with uncontrolled diabetes and necrotizing fasciitis. He underwent fasciotomy, debridement, and skin grafting. The wound culture grew Pseudomonas aeruginosa. With aggressive treatment including antibiotics, surgery, and control of his diabetes, the patient's condition improved.
Diabetic Foot Ulcer
Diabetic foot ulcers are a major complication of diabetes and a leading cause of non-traumatic lower extremity amputations. They result from an interaction of neuropathy, abnormal foot biomechanics, peripheral arterial disease, and poor wound healing in diabetes patients. Ulcers are classified based on their depth and degree of ischemia. Treatment involves strict glycemic control, antibiotic treatment of infections, wound care including debridement and dressings, and offloading pressures on the foot. Prevention relies heavily on patient education regarding foot care, protective footwear, and monitoring for early signs of infection or other issues.
Necrotizing fascitis
DETAILED DISCUSSION OF NECROTIZING FASCIITIS.
A SOFT TISSUE INFECTION. USUALLY CALLED AS FLESH EATING BACTERIAL INFECTION. CAUSED BY BACTERIA. AFFECTS THE SOFT SKIN TISSUES
Diabetic foot ulcer
This document discusses risk factors, causes, signs, and management of diabetic foot ulcers. It notes that peripheral neuropathy and vascular disease increase risk by impairing sensation and blood flow. Ulcers form where calluses or bony deformities concentrate pressure. Evaluation includes wound culture and imaging to check for osteomyelitis. Treatment involves wound debridement, offloading pressure, and antibiotics for infection. Surgery may be needed for uncontrolled infection, amputation, or deformity correction. Regular foot screening and appropriate footwear can help prevent ulcers.
Necrotizing fascitis.pptx
This document provides an overview of necrotizing fasciitis. It begins with a historical background noting the earliest descriptions in the 5th century BC and increased rates in the mid-1980s. It then outlines the presentation, including risk factors like diabetes and trauma, signs of pain out of proportion, fever, and skin changes. Diagnosis involves clinical examination, lab tests, and imaging. Treatment requires aggressive surgical debridement, antibiotics, and resuscitation. Prognosis depends on speed of diagnosis and treatment, with mortality rates around 30% overall but higher for polymicrobial infections.
Non specific ulcers
This document provides an overview of various types of non-specific ulcers, including their causes, characteristics, and treatments. It discusses ulcers caused by trauma, arterial issues, venous issues, pressure, infection, tropical conditions, frostbite, hypertension, diabetes, mycobacteria, cancer, and more. For most ulcer types, it outlines key features like location, appearance, complications, investigations needed, and management approaches involving wound care, antibiotics, surgery, or other therapies.
Compartment syndrome
Seminar presentation by 4th year medical student of Lincoln University College, supervised by HRPZ Orthopedic's specialist.
Reference were from reliable medical websites and also from texttbook; Apley and Solomon's Concise System of Orthopaedics and Trauma, 4th Ed.
AO Classification
The AO comprehensive classification of fractures provides:
1) A standardized system to classify and communicate fracture patterns based on the bone, segment, type, and group.
2) Guidance to assess fracture severity and complexity which can inform clinical decision making and treatment.
3) A framework to evaluate treatment outcomes based on the classified fracture pattern.
Necrotizing fasciitis
Necrotizing fasciitis is a bacterial skin infection that can destroy skin, tissues and muscles in short time.
Compartment syndrome
This document discusses compartment syndrome, beginning with a definition and classification. It then covers the history of compartment syndrome, notable contributors, and key events in understanding the condition. Etiology, incidence rates, effects of patient positioning, traction, and intramedullary nailing are examined. The pathophysiology and timeline of tissue damage are described. Diagnosis is discussed, highlighting indicators such as pain, tense compartments, pressure measurements, and laboratory tests. Clinical parameters like pain, paresthesia, paralysis and pallor are also outlined. The document emphasizes that pain, especially with passive stretching, is the most important sign and should not be waited on before intervention.
Fracture - Types, complications and management
The document discusses fractures, including defining fractures and related terms. It describes the typical causes and symptoms of fractures and classifies fractures according to type, including transverse, oblique, spiral, and stress fractures. The management of fractures is outlined, focusing on initial first aid, transport, assessment, reduction, immobilization, and rehabilitation. Factors that influence fracture healing and potential complications are also reviewed. The terms dislocation and subluxation are defined as the displacement of bones in a joint.
Crush syndrome PPT
Crush syndrome is caused by prolonged pressure on muscle tissue, leading to rhabdomyolysis. It causes systemic effects like kidney failure due to the release of toxins from damaged muscle into the bloodstream. Signs include dark urine, fever, arrhythmias and respiratory failure. Treatment involves aggressive fluid resuscitation, dialysis, antibiotics, surgical debridement of damaged tissue, and fasciotomy to release pressure in compartments. Early fluid resuscitation within 6 hours is key to preventing kidney damage from crush syndrome.
Necrotizing fascitis
This document discusses necrotizing soft tissue infections such as necrotizing fasciitis. It notes that these infections can originate from trauma, surgery, immunosuppression or malignancy. They can be polymicrobial, involving multiple organisms, or monomicrobial, involving an aggressive single organism. Diagnosis involves history, examination, and imaging tests. Differential diagnoses include deep vein thrombosis, pyomyositis, pyoderma gangrenosum, and cellulitis. Treatment involves stabilization, broad spectrum antibiotics, debridement of infected tissue, and reconstruction.
Diabetic foot
Diabetic foot complications are a major cause of lower limb amputations. Factors like neuropathy, vasculopathy and immune dysfunction contribute to foot ulceration and infection in diabetes. Ulcers are classified based on etiology and severity. Management involves metabolic control, wound care, offloading, antibiotics, vascular assessment and revascularization if needed. Long term prevention relies on regular foot screening, education on foot care, appropriate footwear and multidisciplinary team approach.
PRESSURE SORE/BED SORE/DECUBITUS ULCER
This document discusses pressure sores (also known as decubitus ulcers or bed sores), which are areas of damaged skin and underlying tissue that typically form over bony prominences of the body due to prolonged pressure. The document covers the definition, risk factors, pathogenesis, staging, clinical features, complications, and treatment of pressure sores. Common sites for pressure sores include the occiput, scapula, ischium, sacrum, and heel. Prevention is important through good skin care, use of an alpha bed, and management of incontinence. Treatment involves frequent repositioning, wound debridement, dressings, and sometimes skin grafts or flaps.
Necrotizing Fasciitis
Necrotizing fasciitis is a life-threatening soft tissue infection characterized by necrosis of subcutaneous tissue and fascia. It is usually caused by bacteria entering through breaks in the skin or surgery. Clinically, it presents with severe pain and swelling spreading beyond the site of infection. Treatment requires aggressive antibiotic therapy and urgent surgical debridement of necrotic tissue to remove the infected areas. Despite treatment, complications can be severe and mortality remains high if not recognized and treated promptly.
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Necrotising fasciitis is a surgical emergency having mortality 30–50% even with the best care.
Therefore immediate diagnosis & management is a must.
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Necrotizing fasciitis
1) The document summarizes a presentation on a skin-sparing approach to treating necrotizing fasciitis in children.
2) Key aspects of the approach include early and wide debridement of non-viable tissues while preserving viable skin, with a median skin to fascia excision ratio of 0.1.
3) Using this approach in 13 patients, there was no mortality and low morbidity, with no patients requiring skin grafting and a median time to closure of 5 days.
Surgical infection
The document discusses the history and evolution of understanding of surgical site infections from ancient times through the present. Key developments include Hippocrates' view that disease was natural, the germ theory of Pasteur and Lister in the 19th century establishing the role of microorganisms, and advances in the 20th century including antibiotics and improved aseptic techniques reducing infection rates. Risk factors for surgical site infections include longer and more complex surgeries, older and immunosuppressed patients, and breaks in sterile technique.
Cellulitis vs necrotizing soft tissue infection
Cellulitis is an acute inflammatory skin infection caused by bacteria like streptococcus. It presents with pain, redness, swelling and warmth in the affected area. Necrotizing soft tissue infection (NSTI), sometimes called "flesh-eating disease", is a rapidly progressive infection of the deep soft tissues that causes tissue death. It is usually caused by streptococcus or staphylococcus and risk factors include immunosuppression. NSTI signs include poorly defined infection margins, edema beyond erythema, and skin gangrene or crepitus. Both require IV antibiotics but NSTI often needs early surgical debridement to remove dead tissue. With treatment, cellulitis has a good prognosis but untreated N
Chronic wounds
The Presentation deals with the basic types of Chronic Wounds that present in the Surgery dept. and their management
Open fracture
1. Open fractures are classified using the Gustilo-Anderson Classification based on the wound size and degree of soft tissue damage.
2. Essential treatment of open fractures includes administration of antibiotics, prompt wound debridement and irrigation, stabilization of the fracture, and early definitive wound cover.
3. Potential complications of open fractures include infection, osteomyelitis, compartment syndrome, and vascular injury which may require further intervention.
Necrotizing faciitis
This document describes a case of necrotizing fasciitis in a 54-year-old man. The man presented with swelling and pain in his left lower leg, along with watery discharge and skin blisters. He had a history of an insect bite a month prior. Investigation revealed elevated white blood cell count and blood sugar. The patient was diagnosed with uncontrolled diabetes and necrotizing fasciitis. He underwent fasciotomy, debridement, and skin grafting. The wound culture grew Pseudomonas aeruginosa. With aggressive treatment including antibiotics, surgery, and control of his diabetes, the patient's condition improved.
Diabetic Foot Ulcer
Diabetic foot ulcers are a major complication of diabetes and a leading cause of non-traumatic lower extremity amputations. They result from an interaction of neuropathy, abnormal foot biomechanics, peripheral arterial disease, and poor wound healing in diabetes patients. Ulcers are classified based on their depth and degree of ischemia. Treatment involves strict glycemic control, antibiotic treatment of infections, wound care including debridement and dressings, and offloading pressures on the foot. Prevention relies heavily on patient education regarding foot care, protective footwear, and monitoring for early signs of infection or other issues.
Necrotizing fascitis
DETAILED DISCUSSION OF NECROTIZING FASCIITIS.
A SOFT TISSUE INFECTION. USUALLY CALLED AS FLESH EATING BACTERIAL INFECTION. CAUSED BY BACTERIA. AFFECTS THE SOFT SKIN TISSUES
Diabetic foot ulcer
This document discusses risk factors, causes, signs, and management of diabetic foot ulcers. It notes that peripheral neuropathy and vascular disease increase risk by impairing sensation and blood flow. Ulcers form where calluses or bony deformities concentrate pressure. Evaluation includes wound culture and imaging to check for osteomyelitis. Treatment involves wound debridement, offloading pressure, and antibiotics for infection. Surgery may be needed for uncontrolled infection, amputation, or deformity correction. Regular foot screening and appropriate footwear can help prevent ulcers.
Necrotizing fascitis.pptx
This document provides an overview of necrotizing fasciitis. It begins with a historical background noting the earliest descriptions in the 5th century BC and increased rates in the mid-1980s. It then outlines the presentation, including risk factors like diabetes and trauma, signs of pain out of proportion, fever, and skin changes. Diagnosis involves clinical examination, lab tests, and imaging. Treatment requires aggressive surgical debridement, antibiotics, and resuscitation. Prognosis depends on speed of diagnosis and treatment, with mortality rates around 30% overall but higher for polymicrobial infections.
Non specific ulcers
This document provides an overview of various types of non-specific ulcers, including their causes, characteristics, and treatments. It discusses ulcers caused by trauma, arterial issues, venous issues, pressure, infection, tropical conditions, frostbite, hypertension, diabetes, mycobacteria, cancer, and more. For most ulcer types, it outlines key features like location, appearance, complications, investigations needed, and management approaches involving wound care, antibiotics, surgery, or other therapies.
Compartment syndrome
Seminar presentation by 4th year medical student of Lincoln University College, supervised by HRPZ Orthopedic's specialist.
Reference were from reliable medical websites and also from texttbook; Apley and Solomon's Concise System of Orthopaedics and Trauma, 4th Ed.
AO Classification
The AO comprehensive classification of fractures provides:
1) A standardized system to classify and communicate fracture patterns based on the bone, segment, type, and group.
2) Guidance to assess fracture severity and complexity which can inform clinical decision making and treatment.
3) A framework to evaluate treatment outcomes based on the classified fracture pattern.
Necrotizing fasciitis
Necrotizing fasciitis is a bacterial skin infection that can destroy skin, tissues and muscles in short time.
Compartment syndrome
This document discusses compartment syndrome, beginning with a definition and classification. It then covers the history of compartment syndrome, notable contributors, and key events in understanding the condition. Etiology, incidence rates, effects of patient positioning, traction, and intramedullary nailing are examined. The pathophysiology and timeline of tissue damage are described. Diagnosis is discussed, highlighting indicators such as pain, tense compartments, pressure measurements, and laboratory tests. Clinical parameters like pain, paresthesia, paralysis and pallor are also outlined. The document emphasizes that pain, especially with passive stretching, is the most important sign and should not be waited on before intervention.
Fracture - Types, complications and management
The document discusses fractures, including defining fractures and related terms. It describes the typical causes and symptoms of fractures and classifies fractures according to type, including transverse, oblique, spiral, and stress fractures. The management of fractures is outlined, focusing on initial first aid, transport, assessment, reduction, immobilization, and rehabilitation. Factors that influence fracture healing and potential complications are also reviewed. The terms dislocation and subluxation are defined as the displacement of bones in a joint.
Crush syndrome PPT
Crush syndrome is caused by prolonged pressure on muscle tissue, leading to rhabdomyolysis. It causes systemic effects like kidney failure due to the release of toxins from damaged muscle into the bloodstream. Signs include dark urine, fever, arrhythmias and respiratory failure. Treatment involves aggressive fluid resuscitation, dialysis, antibiotics, surgical debridement of damaged tissue, and fasciotomy to release pressure in compartments. Early fluid resuscitation within 6 hours is key to preventing kidney damage from crush syndrome.
Necrotizing fascitis
This document discusses necrotizing soft tissue infections such as necrotizing fasciitis. It notes that these infections can originate from trauma, surgery, immunosuppression or malignancy. They can be polymicrobial, involving multiple organisms, or monomicrobial, involving an aggressive single organism. Diagnosis involves history, examination, and imaging tests. Differential diagnoses include deep vein thrombosis, pyomyositis, pyoderma gangrenosum, and cellulitis. Treatment involves stabilization, broad spectrum antibiotics, debridement of infected tissue, and reconstruction.
Diabetic foot
Diabetic foot complications are a major cause of lower limb amputations. Factors like neuropathy, vasculopathy and immune dysfunction contribute to foot ulceration and infection in diabetes. Ulcers are classified based on etiology and severity. Management involves metabolic control, wound care, offloading, antibiotics, vascular assessment and revascularization if needed. Long term prevention relies on regular foot screening, education on foot care, appropriate footwear and multidisciplinary team approach.
PRESSURE SORE/BED SORE/DECUBITUS ULCER
This document discusses pressure sores (also known as decubitus ulcers or bed sores), which are areas of damaged skin and underlying tissue that typically form over bony prominences of the body due to prolonged pressure. The document covers the definition, risk factors, pathogenesis, staging, clinical features, complications, and treatment of pressure sores. Common sites for pressure sores include the occiput, scapula, ischium, sacrum, and heel. Prevention is important through good skin care, use of an alpha bed, and management of incontinence. Treatment involves frequent repositioning, wound debridement, dressings, and sometimes skin grafts or flaps.
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Necrotizing Fasciitis
Necrotizing fasciitis is a life-threatening soft tissue infection characterized by necrosis of subcutaneous tissue and fascia. It is usually caused by bacteria entering through breaks in the skin or surgery. Clinically, it presents with severe pain and swelling spreading beyond the site of infection. Treatment requires aggressive antibiotic therapy and urgent surgical debridement of necrotic tissue to remove the infected areas. Despite treatment, complications can be severe and mortality remains high if not recognized and treated promptly.
Necrotising fasciitis.by.Yapa Wijeratne
Necrotising fasciitis is a surgical emergency having mortality 30–50% even with the best care.
Therefore immediate diagnosis & management is a must.
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Flesh-eating disease, also known as necrotizing fasciitis, is a rare but serious bacterial infection that destroys the body's soft tissue. It is usually caused when bacteria enters the body through cuts or wounds on the skin. Common symptoms include swelling, black patches of pus, skin discoloration, and fever. Diagnosis involves visual examination of symptoms, imaging tests like X-rays and CT scans to view underlying tissue damage, and bacterial analysis of infected skin samples. Without prompt treatment through antibiotics and surgery, it can cause sepsis and organ failure.
Necrotising fascitis
This document presents a case report of a 41-year-old female patient who presented with necrotizing fasciitis. She had a history of trauma to her lower right leg from being hit by a cow 10 days prior and subsequently developed pain, swelling, and fever in the leg. On examination, she had necrotic skin from below the knee to the top of the foot. Diagnostic workup showed elevated white blood cell count. She was diagnosed with septic shock secondary to necrotizing fasciitis and treated with aggressive debridement and antibiotics. Necrotizing fasciitis is a life-threatening soft tissue infection that rapidly destroys skin and tissue. It is usually caused by Group A strept
When bacteria go bad
it's a presentation that includes general description , pathophysiology and management of Necrotising Fasciitis
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1) The patient is a 67-year-old male with a history of stroke and diabetes who presented with a large gangrenous wound on his right thigh and toe. Physical examination revealed a foul smelling wound extending from his right hip to lower back.
2) Laboratory investigations showed anemia and elevated markers of infection. Imaging found extensive deep vein thrombosis in his right leg. He was diagnosed with necrotizing fasciitis.
3) Treatment involved antibiotics, extensive wound debridement through serial surgeries, and management of his medical comorbidities with a multidisciplinary team. The case report discusses the presentation, diagnosis, and surgical management of this severe soft tissue infection.NECROTIZING FASCIITI
Necrotizing fasciitis is a rare but serious bacterial infection that spreads rapidly and destroys soft tissue. It is commonly known as a "flesh-eating infection". The document discusses that it can be caused by several types of bacteria including group A streptococcus. Symptoms include severe pain, weakness, and a toxic shock response. Prompt treatment is needed which includes antibiotics, surgery to remove dead tissue, and life support in intensive care. Prevention involves good hygiene and seeking medical care immediately for any wounds or signs of infection.
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This study (1) developed a 30-day postoperative mortality risk calculator for patients with necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTIs) using data from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP), (2) found that older age, dependence level, dialysis, higher ASA class, emergent surgery, septic shock, and low platelet count were significant predictors of mortality in the risk model, and (3) validated the model with a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area of 0.85, indicating a strong predictive performance.
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Necrosis fasciitis, also known as flesh-eating disease, is caused by Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria. It begins with symptoms of pain, swelling, and redness of the skin. If not treated quickly with antibiotics and surgery to remove dead tissue, the infection can spread rapidly and toxically through the fascia and fat layers under the skin.
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Soft tissue infections like gas gangrene and necrotizing fasciitis are life-threatening bacterial infections that can cause tissue death. Gas gangrene is caused by Clostridium bacteria entering wounds and producing toxins and gas. It requires urgent surgical debridement and antibiotics like penicillin and clindamycin. Necrotizing fasciitis is a rapidly progressive infection of the fascia and soft tissue that spreads along tissue planes. It is classified into types based on causative organisms and risk factors include diabetes and trauma. On exam, it causes skin bullae, discoloration, and edema. Treatment involves emergency radical debridement, broad-spectrum IV antibiotics, and consideration of hyperbaric oxygen. Both
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This document provides an overview of various soft tissue infections, including their presentation, diagnosis, and treatment. It discusses impetigo, folliculitis, furuncles, carbuncles, cellulitis, erysipelas, necrotizing fasciitis, pyomyositis, and clostridial myonecrosis. The key points are: impetigo typically presents as blisters that rupture and form honey-colored crusts in children; cellulitis presents as warm, swollen, tender skin but lacks pus; necrotizing fasciitis is a severe infection requiring urgent debridement and antibiotics to treat widespread fascial necrosis; and clostridial myonecrosis following trauma can
Management of Skin and Soft Tissue Infections: IDSA Guideline 2014
IDSA Guideline 2014 for Management of Skin and Soft Tissue Infections
Clinical Infectious Diseases 2014; 59(2):147–59
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STREPTOCOCCI ''A FLESH EATING BACTERIA BY NABANITA DAS.pptx
1. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
2. INTRODUCTION
3. HISTORY
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Necrotizing Fasciitis
- 1. Necrotizing Fasciitis Brian Vasquez Adrian Velazco Monica Vasquez Justin Sookchan Fernando Solis
- 2. Features Rare infection of the deeper layers of skin and subcutaneous tissues. Progresses quickly Greater risk of developing in people with compromised immune systems (diabetes, cancer, HIV +) Necrotizing-dead Fasciitis-fascia
- 3. Underlying Causes A very severe form of necrotizing fasciitis is caused by Streptococcus pyogenes. GAS bacteria Usually caused by bacteria infiltrating minor cut or scrape. The bacteria then grow and release toxins that kill tissue.
- 4. Organ Systems Necrotizing fasciitis affects the following systems: Integumentary Muscle Immune Lymphatic Nervous
- 5. Prevalence Approximately 600 people contract necrotizing fasciitis in the US each year. That equals about 1 in 453,333 people More males than females are affected (3 to 1) More prevalent in the immunosuppressed.
- 6. Symptoms Small, red, painful lump on the skin Changesto a very painful bruise-like area and grows rapidly, sometimes in less than an hour The center may become black and die The skin may break open and ooze fluid
- 8. Tests Usually visual diagnosis Can also use CT scan, blood tests, and skin tissue biopsy.
- 9. Treatment
- 10. Treatment Powerful I.V. antibiotics Surgery to drain sore and remove dead tissue Donor immunoglobulins (antibodies) Other treatments may include: Skin grafts Amputation Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy
- 11. Prognosis Depending on your overall health and living situation, this disease will usually cause: Scarring and skin deformity Rapid death without proper treatment
- 12. Conclusion Necrotizing Fasciitis only affects 600 people annually, so there is no need to be worried. Without proper treatment, this disease may cause severe deformities and possibly death. As with all other diseases, time is a factor.
- 13. Works Cited http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necrotizing_f asciitis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhe alth/PMH0002415/ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eojC QDWCkRw http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QJZx V1kcS_w