NCV 3 Management Practice Hands-On Support Slide Show - Module 3
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This document discusses strategic planning and organizational structures. It defines strategic planning as a process that aligns an organization's resources with external threats and opportunities. The key elements are courses of action, seeking new ideas, and how the strategy is formulated. Several types of organizational structures are described, including line, line-and-staff, functional, project, and matrix structures. Each structure has advantages and disadvantages depending on an organization's needs. Strategic planning helps organizations adapt to changing environments and improves performance by establishing long-term goals and strategies.
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Fundamentals of planning
Planning allows managers to set objectives and determine how to accomplish them. Managers use different types of plans like strategic, operational, and single-use plans. Effective planning requires tools like forecasting, scenario planning, benchmarking, and techniques like management by objectives which involve jointly setting objectives and reviewing results.
Planning, mbo, strategy & decision making by arun verma
Planning involves defining goals, establishing strategies, and developing coordinated plans. There are two types of planning: informal planning which is not written down and has a short term focus, and formal planning which is written, specific, and long term. Managers plan to offset uncertainty, focus activity, and increase efficiency. Effective planning involves establishing goals, determining alternative courses of action, and selecting a course. There are different types of plans based on breadth, time frame, specificity, and frequency. The strategic management process involves identifying goals, analyzing internal/external factors, formulating strategies, implementing strategies, and evaluating results.
29268125 mms-syllabus
This document outlines the course curriculum for the first year, first semester of a management program. It includes 6 core courses: 1) Perspective Management, 2) Financial Accounting, 3) Managerial Economics, 4) Operations Management, 5) Organization Behavior, and 6) Business Mathematics. Each course is allotted marks and includes topics to be covered, reference texts, and in some cases software to be used. The core courses aim to provide foundational knowledge across management functions including accounting, economics, operations, organizational behavior, and quantitative methods.
Fundamentals of Planning
Managers plan to set objectives and determine how to accomplish them. The planning process involves defining objectives, determining the current situation, analyzing alternatives, and implementing and evaluating plans. Managers use various types of plans including strategic, tactical, functional, operational, policies, procedures, and budgets. Useful planning tools include forecasting, contingency planning, scenario planning, and benchmarking. Plans should be well implemented through participatory planning, management by objectives, and ensuring trust and support when full participation is not possible.
Unit 2 planning
The document discusses various aspects of planning including defining goals and strategies, types of plans, objectives of planning, the planning process, and management by objectives. It provides details on strategic planning, operational planning, long and short-term planning, setting objectives, the management by objectives approach, and contingency factors to consider in planning.
Chapter4 part1 planning
The document discusses organizational planning and goal setting, including defining goals and plans, setting mission statements, and describing the hierarchy of goals from strategic to operational levels. It also covers traditional centralized planning approaches versus more modern decentralized planning, and describes the management by objectives (MBO) process which involves setting goals, developing action plans, reviewing progress, and appraising performance. The MBO approach aims to align individual, departmental, and company goals while focusing efforts on goal achievement.
Unit 1 overview of management
The document provides an overview of management principles and concepts. It discusses management as the process of achieving organizational goals through efficient utilization of resources including people, money, time, equipment and procedures. It describes the four main functions of management as planning, organizing, leading and controlling. It also covers topics such as levels of management, managerial skills and roles, and the evolution of management thought from scientific management to modern approaches.
Chapter 2
This chapter discusses the linkages between organizational strategy, tactics, and objectives. It outlines different competitive strategies like market leader, market follower, and cost leader. It also discusses factors that influence environmental stability and conditions that increase the importance of human resource issues. Additionally, it covers change management models and interventions for reducing resistance to change within organizations.
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Fundamentals of planning
Planning allows managers to set objectives and determine how to accomplish them. Managers use different types of plans like strategic, operational, and single-use plans. Effective planning requires tools like forecasting, scenario planning, benchmarking, and techniques like management by objectives which involve jointly setting objectives and reviewing results.
Planning, mbo, strategy & decision making by arun verma
Planning involves defining goals, establishing strategies, and developing coordinated plans. There are two types of planning: informal planning which is not written down and has a short term focus, and formal planning which is written, specific, and long term. Managers plan to offset uncertainty, focus activity, and increase efficiency. Effective planning involves establishing goals, determining alternative courses of action, and selecting a course. There are different types of plans based on breadth, time frame, specificity, and frequency. The strategic management process involves identifying goals, analyzing internal/external factors, formulating strategies, implementing strategies, and evaluating results.
29268125 mms-syllabus
This document outlines the course curriculum for the first year, first semester of a management program. It includes 6 core courses: 1) Perspective Management, 2) Financial Accounting, 3) Managerial Economics, 4) Operations Management, 5) Organization Behavior, and 6) Business Mathematics. Each course is allotted marks and includes topics to be covered, reference texts, and in some cases software to be used. The core courses aim to provide foundational knowledge across management functions including accounting, economics, operations, organizational behavior, and quantitative methods.
Fundamentals of Planning
Managers plan to set objectives and determine how to accomplish them. The planning process involves defining objectives, determining the current situation, analyzing alternatives, and implementing and evaluating plans. Managers use various types of plans including strategic, tactical, functional, operational, policies, procedures, and budgets. Useful planning tools include forecasting, contingency planning, scenario planning, and benchmarking. Plans should be well implemented through participatory planning, management by objectives, and ensuring trust and support when full participation is not possible.
Unit 2 planning
The document discusses various aspects of planning including defining goals and strategies, types of plans, objectives of planning, the planning process, and management by objectives. It provides details on strategic planning, operational planning, long and short-term planning, setting objectives, the management by objectives approach, and contingency factors to consider in planning.
Chapter4 part1 planning
The document discusses organizational planning and goal setting, including defining goals and plans, setting mission statements, and describing the hierarchy of goals from strategic to operational levels. It also covers traditional centralized planning approaches versus more modern decentralized planning, and describes the management by objectives (MBO) process which involves setting goals, developing action plans, reviewing progress, and appraising performance. The MBO approach aims to align individual, departmental, and company goals while focusing efforts on goal achievement.
Unit 1 overview of management
The document provides an overview of management principles and concepts. It discusses management as the process of achieving organizational goals through efficient utilization of resources including people, money, time, equipment and procedures. It describes the four main functions of management as planning, organizing, leading and controlling. It also covers topics such as levels of management, managerial skills and roles, and the evolution of management thought from scientific management to modern approaches.
Chapter 2
This chapter discusses the linkages between organizational strategy, tactics, and objectives. It outlines different competitive strategies like market leader, market follower, and cost leader. It also discusses factors that influence environmental stability and conditions that increase the importance of human resource issues. Additionally, it covers change management models and interventions for reducing resistance to change within organizations.
Unit 1 overview of management
The document provides an overview of management principles including:
- Defining management as the process of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling organizational resources to efficiently achieve goals.
- Describing the four functions of management as planning, organizing, leading, and controlling.
- Explaining the different levels of management as top-level, middle-level, and lower-level/supervisory management.
Fundamentals of planning
Planning involves selecting objectives, actions to achieve them, and decision making to choose alternative courses of action. The document discusses definitions of planning, the nature of planning as goal oriented, intellectual, primary, all-pervasive, forward-looking, continuous, and integrated. It describes types of plans like strategic, tactical, operational based on level and frequency. The planning process involves analyzing opportunities, identifying alternatives, determining premises, establishing objectives, selecting alternatives, and evaluating. Prerequisites for effective planning and limitations of planning are also outlined.
Unit 2 planning
This document discusses the planning process in management. It defines planning as thinking ahead to develop predetermined courses of action to achieve goals. The planning process involves setting objectives, analyzing alternatives, and selecting actions. It is the first managerial function and aims to increase efficiency while handling complexity and uncertainty. The key steps are setting goals and strategies, considering internal and external factors, selecting options, and monitoring results. Planning coordinates activities and guides decision making to help organizations adapt.
Unit 2 Planning
The document discusses various aspects of planning including defining goals and strategies, types of plans, objectives of planning, the planning process, and management by objectives. It provides details on strategic planning, operational planning, long and short-term planning, setting objectives, the importance of objectives, and contingencies to consider in the planning process.
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The document discusses planning and decision making. It covers the key aspects of planning including setting goals, developing commitment, creating an action plan, tracking progress, and maintaining flexibility. It also discusses decision making, noting that the number of decisions managers make has increased over time. When making decisions, using groups can provide benefits like additional perspectives and information, but can also lead to disadvantages like groupthink. The document provides tips for avoiding groupthink when making group decisions.
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The document discusses various aspects of planning in organizations, including:
- The benefits and costs of planning
- Top-down vs bottom-up planning approaches
- Strategic, operational, and individual planning
- Management by objectives and the balanced scorecard
- Contingency planning and how IT has affected planning
- Common barriers to planning and how to overcome them
Elements of planning
The document outlines the key elements of an effective planning system based on the author's evaluation of business and institutional development project plans. The essential elements include: clearly communicating objectives, goals, and expected outcomes; establishing timelines for implementation activities; estimating anticipated costs and confirming funding sources; and incorporating mechanisms for monitoring, supervision, evaluation, and control. The planning system should also address sustainability, compliance issues, and acknowledge any necessary support received.
Essentials of planning
Selecting missions and objectives as well as the actions to achieve them, which require decision making, that is choosing a course of action from among alternatives
Planning
1. Planning is a primary management function that establishes the basis for coordinating efforts, reducing uncertainty, and setting goals and standards to guide decision-making.
2. The planning process involves analyzing opportunities, establishing objectives, identifying alternatives, evaluating options, selecting a plan, implementing it, and reviewing results.
3. Different types of planning include operational, tactical, strategic, proactive, reactive, formal, informal, functional, and single-use or standing plans that can be short, intermediate, or long-term.
Planning
Planning involves setting goals and developing strategies to achieve those goals. It is a primary managerial activity that defines an organization's goals, establishes strategies to achieve those goals, and develops integrated plans. Planning can be informal and short-term or formal, written, long-term, and involve shared organizational goals. Managers plan to provide direction, reduce uncertainty, minimize waste, and set standards for control. Planning benefits include persistence, direction, intensified effort, and creation of task strategies. Potential pitfalls include a false sense of certainty, impedance of change, and detachment of planners. Effective planning involves setting SMART goals, developing commitment, creating action plans, tracking progress, and maintaining flexibility. Rational decision making is
Planning
1. Planning involves identifying goals and strategies for an organization. It includes corporate, business unit, and functional level plans with time horizons from 1 to more than 5 years.
2. Key aspects of planning include determining the organization's mission and major goals, analyzing the situation to formulate strategies, and implementing strategies by allocating resources and responsibilities.
3. Effective planning provides direction, coordination, and control for an organization. It involves managers at all levels and helps the organization work toward common objectives.
Value Chain.ppt
This chapter discusses tools for assessing a firm's internal environment, including SWOT analysis, value chain analysis, resource-based view, and performance evaluation methods like financial ratio analysis and the balanced scorecard. It describes how value chain analysis examines a firm's primary and support activities, and how resources and capabilities contribute to competitive advantage. The chapter also covers limitations of various assessment tools and emphasizes integrating perspectives from customers, internal processes, innovation, and financials in a balanced scorecard approach.
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1) Planning involves determining an organization's goals and the means to achieve them. It includes setting goals at different levels from strategic to operational.
2) Strategic goals pertain to the organization as a whole while tactical and operational goals define outcomes for divisions/departments and individuals.
3) Effective goals are specific, measurable, linked to rewards, cover key areas, and have a defined timeline.
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Foundations of planning, types of plans, approaches to planning & planning in dynamic environments, Purposes of planning, Planning & performance, Types of planning goals, Contingency factors in planning, Planning in hierarchy organizationsPlanning
Planning involves selecting objectives and courses of action to achieve goals and requires decision-making to choose between alternatives. It is the process of determining how to get from the current status to the desired future status by bridging gaps over time. Planning is goal-oriented, rational, forward-looking, integrated, involves choice, and is a perpetual process. The planning process includes analyzing opportunities, establishing objectives, identifying alternatives, evaluating alternatives, choosing alternatives, and formulating supporting plans. There are different types of planning based on organizational level, time frame, frequency of use, and goals.
Unit 1 overview of management
The document provides an overview of management principles and concepts. It discusses management as the process of achieving organizational goals through efficient utilization of resources including people, money, time, equipment and procedures. It also summarizes the four main functions of management as planning, organizing, leading and controlling. Additionally, it outlines the classical theories of management including scientific management, administrative management and bureaucratic management.
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This document discusses planning and strategy for organizations. It defines planning as identifying goals and courses of action, while strategy is deciding on goals, actions, and resource allocation. There are different levels and time horizons for plans, from short-term operational plans to long-term strategic plans. Scenario planning involves generating forecasts of future conditions and responses. Strategies are formulated through analyzing strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats via SWOT analysis. Porter's five competitive forces model also informs strategy by assessing rivalry, potential entry, supplier and customer power, and substitutes.
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Planning is a primary managerial activity that involves defining goals, establishing strategies, and developing plans. There are different levels and types of planning including strategic, operating, tactical, and unit plans. The benefits of planning include providing direction, allocating resources, determining budgets, assigning roles and responsibilities, and enabling better control. The strategic planning process involves analyzing the internal and external environment, formulating strategies, developing action plans, implementation, and review. Mission, vision, values and goals set the context for planning by describing the organization's purpose and desired future state.
Types of plans
The document discusses four types of plans: contingency plans, which are made when unexpected changes are needed; operational plans, which describe day-to-day operations and can be single-use or ongoing; strategic plans, which provide a long-term vision for the organization; and tactical plans, which outline the specific actions needed to achieve strategic goals on a shorter timescale. It also includes a quiz to test understanding of the different types of plans.
02. Organizational Goals, Planning & Decision Making (2021).pptx
The document discusses organizational goals, planning, and decision making. It defines goals as measurable end results to be achieved within a timeframe. Goals provide guidance, motivation, and a means of evaluation. Vision and mission statements describe an organization's purpose and direction. Planning involves setting goals by level (strategic, tactical, operational), area, and timeframe. Barriers to planning like improper goals must be overcome. Decision making requires choosing between alternatives, and styles include autocratic, democratic, laissez-faire, consensus, and contingency approaches.
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Strategic management involves analyzing a company's internal strengths and weaknesses as well as external opportunities and threats. Key steps include formulating a mission and objectives, assessing the environment, identifying strategies, and implementing and evaluating plans. Strategic decisions require top management input and large resources, and can impact the long-term prosperity of a firm. Strategies exist at the corporate, business unit, and functional levels. Formality and the roles of managers in strategic management depend on factors like organization size and culture.
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The document provides an overview of management principles including:
- Defining management as the process of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling organizational resources to efficiently achieve goals.
- Describing the four functions of management as planning, organizing, leading, and controlling.
- Explaining the different levels of management as top-level, middle-level, and lower-level/supervisory management.
Fundamentals of planning
Planning involves selecting objectives, actions to achieve them, and decision making to choose alternative courses of action. The document discusses definitions of planning, the nature of planning as goal oriented, intellectual, primary, all-pervasive, forward-looking, continuous, and integrated. It describes types of plans like strategic, tactical, operational based on level and frequency. The planning process involves analyzing opportunities, identifying alternatives, determining premises, establishing objectives, selecting alternatives, and evaluating. Prerequisites for effective planning and limitations of planning are also outlined.
Unit 2 planning
This document discusses the planning process in management. It defines planning as thinking ahead to develop predetermined courses of action to achieve goals. The planning process involves setting objectives, analyzing alternatives, and selecting actions. It is the first managerial function and aims to increase efficiency while handling complexity and uncertainty. The key steps are setting goals and strategies, considering internal and external factors, selecting options, and monitoring results. Planning coordinates activities and guides decision making to help organizations adapt.
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The document discusses various aspects of planning including defining goals and strategies, types of plans, objectives of planning, the planning process, and management by objectives. It provides details on strategic planning, operational planning, long and short-term planning, setting objectives, the importance of objectives, and contingencies to consider in the planning process.
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The document discusses planning and decision making. It covers the key aspects of planning including setting goals, developing commitment, creating an action plan, tracking progress, and maintaining flexibility. It also discusses decision making, noting that the number of decisions managers make has increased over time. When making decisions, using groups can provide benefits like additional perspectives and information, but can also lead to disadvantages like groupthink. The document provides tips for avoiding groupthink when making group decisions.
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The document discusses various aspects of planning in organizations, including:
- The benefits and costs of planning
- Top-down vs bottom-up planning approaches
- Strategic, operational, and individual planning
- Management by objectives and the balanced scorecard
- Contingency planning and how IT has affected planning
- Common barriers to planning and how to overcome them
Elements of planning
The document outlines the key elements of an effective planning system based on the author's evaluation of business and institutional development project plans. The essential elements include: clearly communicating objectives, goals, and expected outcomes; establishing timelines for implementation activities; estimating anticipated costs and confirming funding sources; and incorporating mechanisms for monitoring, supervision, evaluation, and control. The planning system should also address sustainability, compliance issues, and acknowledge any necessary support received.
Essentials of planning
Selecting missions and objectives as well as the actions to achieve them, which require decision making, that is choosing a course of action from among alternatives
Planning
1. Planning is a primary management function that establishes the basis for coordinating efforts, reducing uncertainty, and setting goals and standards to guide decision-making.
2. The planning process involves analyzing opportunities, establishing objectives, identifying alternatives, evaluating options, selecting a plan, implementing it, and reviewing results.
3. Different types of planning include operational, tactical, strategic, proactive, reactive, formal, informal, functional, and single-use or standing plans that can be short, intermediate, or long-term.
Planning
Planning involves setting goals and developing strategies to achieve those goals. It is a primary managerial activity that defines an organization's goals, establishes strategies to achieve those goals, and develops integrated plans. Planning can be informal and short-term or formal, written, long-term, and involve shared organizational goals. Managers plan to provide direction, reduce uncertainty, minimize waste, and set standards for control. Planning benefits include persistence, direction, intensified effort, and creation of task strategies. Potential pitfalls include a false sense of certainty, impedance of change, and detachment of planners. Effective planning involves setting SMART goals, developing commitment, creating action plans, tracking progress, and maintaining flexibility. Rational decision making is
Planning
1. Planning involves identifying goals and strategies for an organization. It includes corporate, business unit, and functional level plans with time horizons from 1 to more than 5 years.
2. Key aspects of planning include determining the organization's mission and major goals, analyzing the situation to formulate strategies, and implementing strategies by allocating resources and responsibilities.
3. Effective planning provides direction, coordination, and control for an organization. It involves managers at all levels and helps the organization work toward common objectives.
Value Chain.ppt
This chapter discusses tools for assessing a firm's internal environment, including SWOT analysis, value chain analysis, resource-based view, and performance evaluation methods like financial ratio analysis and the balanced scorecard. It describes how value chain analysis examines a firm's primary and support activities, and how resources and capabilities contribute to competitive advantage. The chapter also covers limitations of various assessment tools and emphasizes integrating perspectives from customers, internal processes, innovation, and financials in a balanced scorecard approach.
Mahmood Qasim Slides Planning for BBA and MBA Students
1) Planning involves determining an organization's goals and the means to achieve them. It includes setting goals at different levels from strategic to operational.
2) Strategic goals pertain to the organization as a whole while tactical and operational goals define outcomes for divisions/departments and individuals.
3) Effective goals are specific, measurable, linked to rewards, cover key areas, and have a defined timeline.
Foundations of planning, types of plans, approaches to planning, planning in ...
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Foundations of planning, types of plans, approaches to planning & planning in dynamic environments, Purposes of planning, Planning & performance, Types of planning goals, Contingency factors in planning, Planning in hierarchy organizationsPlanning
Planning involves selecting objectives and courses of action to achieve goals and requires decision-making to choose between alternatives. It is the process of determining how to get from the current status to the desired future status by bridging gaps over time. Planning is goal-oriented, rational, forward-looking, integrated, involves choice, and is a perpetual process. The planning process includes analyzing opportunities, establishing objectives, identifying alternatives, evaluating alternatives, choosing alternatives, and formulating supporting plans. There are different types of planning based on organizational level, time frame, frequency of use, and goals.
Unit 1 overview of management
The document provides an overview of management principles and concepts. It discusses management as the process of achieving organizational goals through efficient utilization of resources including people, money, time, equipment and procedures. It also summarizes the four main functions of management as planning, organizing, leading and controlling. Additionally, it outlines the classical theories of management including scientific management, administrative management and bureaucratic management.
Principles of Management Chapter 08
This document discusses planning and strategy for organizations. It defines planning as identifying goals and courses of action, while strategy is deciding on goals, actions, and resource allocation. There are different levels and time horizons for plans, from short-term operational plans to long-term strategic plans. Scenario planning involves generating forecasts of future conditions and responses. Strategies are formulated through analyzing strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats via SWOT analysis. Porter's five competitive forces model also informs strategy by assessing rivalry, potential entry, supplier and customer power, and substitutes.
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Planning is a primary managerial activity that involves defining goals, establishing strategies, and developing plans. There are different levels and types of planning including strategic, operating, tactical, and unit plans. The benefits of planning include providing direction, allocating resources, determining budgets, assigning roles and responsibilities, and enabling better control. The strategic planning process involves analyzing the internal and external environment, formulating strategies, developing action plans, implementation, and review. Mission, vision, values and goals set the context for planning by describing the organization's purpose and desired future state.
Types of plans
The document discusses four types of plans: contingency plans, which are made when unexpected changes are needed; operational plans, which describe day-to-day operations and can be single-use or ongoing; strategic plans, which provide a long-term vision for the organization; and tactical plans, which outline the specific actions needed to achieve strategic goals on a shorter timescale. It also includes a quiz to test understanding of the different types of plans.
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Mahmood Qasim Slides Planning for BBA and MBA Students
Mahmood Qasim Slides Planning for BBA and MBA Students
Foundations of planning, types of plans, approaches to planning, planning in ...
Foundations of planning, types of plans, approaches to planning, planning in ...
Similar to NCV 3 Management Practice Hands-On Support Slide Show - Module 3
02. Organizational Goals, Planning & Decision Making (2021).pptx
The document discusses organizational goals, planning, and decision making. It defines goals as measurable end results to be achieved within a timeframe. Goals provide guidance, motivation, and a means of evaluation. Vision and mission statements describe an organization's purpose and direction. Planning involves setting goals by level (strategic, tactical, operational), area, and timeframe. Barriers to planning like improper goals must be overcome. Decision making requires choosing between alternatives, and styles include autocratic, democratic, laissez-faire, consensus, and contingency approaches.
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Strategic management involves analyzing a company's internal strengths and weaknesses as well as external opportunities and threats. Key steps include formulating a mission and objectives, assessing the environment, identifying strategies, and implementing and evaluating plans. Strategic decisions require top management input and large resources, and can impact the long-term prosperity of a firm. Strategies exist at the corporate, business unit, and functional levels. Formality and the roles of managers in strategic management depend on factors like organization size and culture.
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The document discusses various concepts related to planning including:
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The document discusses various aspects of planning and decision making for organizations. It defines planning as determining a future course of action to achieve objectives. A good plan should provide clear direction, be consistent, feasible, simple, and flexible. The planning process involves steps like identifying opportunities, setting objectives, identifying alternatives, and formulating supporting plans. Strategic planning sets long-term direction over 3-5 years while tactical planning focuses on short-term resource allocation. Management by objectives involves jointly setting goals and evaluating performance to achieve maximum results. Modern decision making techniques help organizations effectively plan and make choices.
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This document discusses various concepts related to strategic planning and management. It defines planning, identifies reasons for and criticisms of planning. It also distinguishes between strategic and tactical plans, and directional versus specific plans. Additionally, it covers topics like management by objectives, the strategic management process, grand strategies, competitive advantage, and quality as a strategic weapon.
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Planning involves defining the organization's goals, establishing an overall strategy for achieving those goals, and developing plans for organizational work activities. ... reducing uncertainty, minimizing waste and redundancy, and establishing the goals or standards used in controlling.
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Mgt4201#5
The document discusses different levels of planning and goals within an organization. It explains that strategic goals are set by top management to address broad issues, tactical goals are set by middle managers to operationalize strategic goals, and operational goals are set by lower managers. The planning process involves strategic plans set by top management, tactical plans by middle managers, and operational plans by lower managers. SWOT analysis is used to formulate strategies that support the organization's mission by exploiting strengths and opportunities and neutralizing weaknesses and threats.
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This document defines and explains various aspects of planning for organizations. It discusses that planning involves defining goals, strategies, and coordinated plans. There are two types of planning - informal, short-term planning for units, and formal, long-term, written planning for the whole organization. Planning is important as it helps organizations focus on objectives, coordinate activities, and increase efficiency. Effective planning includes outcome statements, action statements, and supportive plans. Formal planning is linked to better financial performance when properly implemented. The document outlines the planning process and various types of plans based on factors like scope, time frame, and use.
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The document discusses various aspects of planning including definitions, criticisms, the relationship between planning and organizational performance, different types of plans based on focus and time horizon, strategic and tactical planning, specific vs directional and single-use vs standing plans, management by objectives, analyzing the environment, and sustaining competitive advantage.
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The document discusses managerial planning and goal setting. It explains that goals are desired future states and plans are blueprints to achieve goals. Goals and plans provide legitimacy, motivation, guidance, rationale, and performance standards. Goals and plans exist at different levels - mission, strategic, tactical, and operational. Effective goal setting involves specific, measurable, challenging but realistic goals over a defined time period linked to rewards. The planning process aligns goals across levels and strategies.
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This document provides an overview of strategic management concepts including:
- Defining strategic management as focused on developing competitive advantage through formulation, implementation, and evaluation of strategies.
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- Explaining the importance of strategic management in providing direction, coordination, and focus to achieve organizational goals.
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The document discusses various aspects of planning in organizations, including the benefits and costs of planning, different types of planning (strategic, operational, individual), barriers to planning, and ways to improve planning. It defines key planning concepts like management by objectives and the balanced scorecard. Top-down and bottom-up planning approaches are compared. The impact of information technology on planning is also addressed.
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This document discusses key concepts in management planning and decision making. It defines planning as determining future courses of action and outlines features of good plans like being linked to objectives and feasible. The planning process involves steps like establishing objectives and identifying alternatives. Advantages include quick goal achievement while limitations are costs and inflexibility. Types of plans include strategic, tactical, and operational. Management by objectives and its process are also summarized.
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The document discusses various aspects of planning including the nature, purpose, importance, forms, types, and steps involved in the planning process as well as its limitations. It describes planning as an intellectual process that helps managers set goals and make decisions. The key forms of planning discussed are strategic planning which is long-term and done at higher levels, and tactical planning which is short-term and done at lower levels. Important steps in planning include establishing goals, assumptions, alternative courses of action, evaluation and selection of the best course. Limitations include the time and cost of planning as well as difficulties maintaining flexibility.
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Lorraine Mabusela founded the Tumelo Hospice Centre in Mabopane to care for sick and destitute people rejected by society, including 62 HIV-positive patients. After resigning her job in 2004 to help the sick, she tended to people wherever she could since her home was too small. She was later given an old building to convert into a hospice. The hospice now has 26 caregivers providing hope, love, and care so patients can die with dignity.
Hospitality- desserts - gelatine
Gelatine has many uses in dessert making and food preparation. It can be obtained from animal bones and connective tissues or purchased commercially. Gelatine is used to set dishes like jellies, mousses, and savory aspics. Proper preparation of gelatine involves softening the leaves or hydrating powder before dissolving in hot or cold liquids. Popular desserts that incorporate gelatine include charlottes, Bavarian creams, mousses, and frozen bombes. Gelatine allows for creative layering and setting of ingredients in elaborate molded presentations.
How numerals 0 - 9 got their shape
Do you know why numbers look like they do? Someone, at some point in time, had to create their shapes and meaning.
Watch this short presentation and then you will know how our Arabic numbers were originally created a very long time ago and what logic the people that created them used to determine their shapes. It is really very simple and quite creative.
You have to admire the intelligence of a person or people that created something so simple and perfect that it has lasted thousands and thousands of years and will probably never change.
When the presentation gets to the number "seven" you will notice that the7 has a line through the middle of it. That was the way the Arabic 7 was originally written, and in Europe and certain other areas they still write the 7 that way. Also, in the military, they commonly write it that way. The nine has a kind of curly tail on it that has been reduced, for the most part nowadays, to a simple curve, but the logic involved still applies.
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This slideshow accompanies Module 7 of N4 Communication & Management Communication, published by Future Managers.
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CModule 6 explain the difference
The document provides instructions for explaining the difference between two things using the example of comparing a private meeting and a public meeting. It outlines a three-step process: 1) look at the descriptions of both items, 2) underline where the same aspect is handled differently, and 3) write down the underlined aspects of one item contrasted with the other. Following these steps would yield a three sentence response explaining that public meetings can be attended by any member of the public but private meetings are usually only for members, notices for public meetings are through media but private notices go directly to members, and binding decisions can be made at private meetings unlike public meetings.
N4 Communication & Management Communication - Module 1 case study
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NCV 4 Personal Assistance Hands-On Support - Module 3
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NCV 4 Personal Assistance Hands-On Support - Module 1
This document provides guidance on planning and conducting effective meetings. It discusses determining meeting objectives and attendees, creating agendas and documentation, meeting protocols, managing discussions, and follow-up tasks. Key points covered include deciding when a meeting is necessary, setting objectives, inviting appropriate delegates, drafting notices and agendas, chairing discussions, resolving conflicts, taking minutes, and ensuring action items are completed.
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Mechanical Technology Grade 10 Chapter 10 Systems And Control
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Mechanical Technology Grade 12 Chapter 6 Terminology Of Machines
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The document discusses the history and uses of iron. It then describes the processes of extracting iron from iron ore and manufacturing steel. Iron has been used for over 4000 years, and was first extracted around 3000 BC in Egypt. It is strong yet malleable and is used for tools, weapons, infrastructure and machinery. Iron ore is smelted in blast furnaces and cupola furnaces to produce pig iron and cast iron. Steel is made by further processing pig iron in open hearth, basic oxygen or electric furnaces.
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N4 tourism communication answer to module 5 activity 5.9
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Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
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1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
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Mysore WhatsApp group:- https://chat.whatsapp.com/EhqtHtCC75vCAX7gaO842N
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