Nano 3D printing utilizes two-photon lithography to create intricate nanostructures with remarkable precision and speed, enabling applications in fields like medicine and biosensors. A breakthrough at the Vienna University of Technology has significantly increased the printing speed, allowing for the fabrication of highly detailed objects within minutes. This advanced manufacturing technology promises improved efficiency and less waste in nanofabrication, mirroring the benefits seen in traditional additive manufacturing.

1. Nano 3D Printing:
Two photon
lithography
SHASHANK KAPOOR
154169

2. Introduction
 Additive manufacturing is a way of making 3-D objects by building
up material, layer upon layer, with the guidance of a digital design.
The processes are engineered to use material more efficiently, give
designs more flexibility and produce objects more precisely.
 Already, 3D printing can now be used to print lithium-ion
microbatteries the size of a grain of sand. To make the
microbatteries, a team based at Harvard University and the
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign printed precisely
interlaced stacks of tiny battery electrodes, each less than the width
of a human hair.

3. Towards nano scale...

4. What is nano 3D printing ?
 Applying 3D printing concepts to nanotechnology could bring
similar advantages to nanofabrication – speed, less waste,
economic viability – than it is expected to bring to manufacturing
technologies.
 Printing three dimensional objects with incredibly fine details is
now possible using "two-photon lithography". With this
technology, tiny structures on a nanometer scale can be fabricated.
 Researchers at the Vienna University of Technology (TU Vienna)
have now made a major breakthrough in speeding up this printing
technique. The high-precision-3D-printer at TU Vienna is orders of
magnitude faster than similar devices. This opens up completely
new areas of application, such as in medicine, Biological Scaffold,
Compact bio-sensor design.

5. How it looks?
 Vienna University of Technology has printed tiny structures on a
nanometer scale as the example of the race car – which measures
only 285 µm in length.

6. Nano 3d printing in action
 A race car with dimensions of 330x130x100 µm3 is fabricated. The
structure consists of 100 layers, each made of an average of 200
polymer lines. It is finished in 4 minutes and resembles the CAD
file at a precision of ±1 µm:

7. Examples of nanoprinting

8. Examples of nanoprinting

9. Two Photon Lithography
 The 3D printer uses a liquid resin, which is hardened at precisely the
correct spots by a focused laser beam. The focal point of the laser
beam is guided through the resin by movable mirrors and leaves
behind a hardened line of solid polymer, just a few nanometers
wide. This fine resolution enables the creation of intricately
structured sculptures . The printing speed used to be measured in
millimeters per second currently printing at five meters in one
second.

10. Two Photon Lithography
 The mirrors are continuously in motion during the printing process.
The acceleration and deceleration-periods have to be tuned very
precisely to achieve high-resolution results at a record-breaking
speed.
 The Photoactive Molecules Harden the Resin contains
molecules, which are activated by the laser light. They induce a
chain reaction in other components of the resin, so-called
monomers, and turn them into a solid

11. More example..

12. Thank you