Multiple myeloma is a cancer of plasma cells in the bone marrow. It is characterized by increased levels of monoclonal proteins which hinder the production of other blood cells. Signs and symptoms include bone pain, fractures, hypercalcemia, spinal cord compression, and renal failure. Diagnosis involves tests to detect monoclonal proteins in serum and urine, a bone marrow biopsy showing plasmacytoma, and skeletal surveys showing bone lesions. While there is no cure, management focuses on chemotherapy, radiation, stem cell transplantation, and surgery to relieve complications.

1. NAME : OSAMA ELSAYED AHMED
ID : 136
UNDER SUPERVISION OF :
PROF. DR. HALA RASHAD
PROF. DR. NADIA BARGHASH
Multiple Myeloma

2.  Main Points :
 Definition & Features
 Signs and symptoms
 Diagnosis
 Management
Multiple Myeloma

3. Definition & Features
 Cancer of plasma cells (type of WBCs) in the Bone Marrow.
 Is characterized by icreased level of monoclonal protein.
 They hinder producing of other types of blood cells.
 They produce a substance making osteoclasts dissolving old bone rapidly.
 They produce abnormal antibodies.

4.  Bone pain , pathologic fractures & hypercalcemia.
 Spinal cord compression& neuropathies→Loss of sensation.
 Bleeding, anemia→purpura from thrombocytopenia,pallor.
 Infections.
 Renal failure.
Signs & Symptoms

5. • M Protien
• Free Light Chain
Serum &Urine
Assessment
• plasmacytoma
Bone Marrow Biopsy
• Bone tenderness
• Skull & long
bones
Skeletal Survey
Diagnosis

6.  There is no definite cure for MM.
 Peripheral blood transfusion and stem cell transplantation
can be effective.
 The most used methods are chemotherapy , radiation & surgical care in
certain cases .
Management