Multiple myeloma is a malignant disorder of plasma cells, making up about 13% of hematologic malignancies, with various genetic and environmental causes. Symptoms include severe bone pain, fatigue, anemia, and renal issues, while diagnosis involves bone marrow aspiration and imaging tests. Treatment typically involves chemotherapy regimens and supportive care methods like radiation, with nursing considerations focusing on pain management and mobility.

1. MULTIPLE MYELOMA

2. DEFINITION
Multiple myeloma is a malignant disorder of plasma cells:
accounting for approximately 13% of all hematologic
malignancies.

3. ETIOLOGY
Genetic
Environmental factor
Exposure to chemical
Low level ionization radiation
Bone marrow abnormalities

4. CLINICAL MANIFESTATION
Sever bone pain
Fatigue
Weakness related to anemia caused by crowing of marrow
by plasma cell
Proteinuria and renal insufficiency
Electron disturbance including
hypercalcemia ,hyperuricemia

5. DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
Bone marrow aspiration
CBC and blood smear
Urine and serum analysis
Skeletal x ray -

6. MANGMENT
 NCCN (NATIONAL COMPREHENSVIVE CANCER NETWORK
 CURRENTLY GUIDEDE 2 TREATMENT
 Mephalan plus thalidimode or melphalan plus bortezomib
 Autologous bone marrow transplant
supportive care
 radiation therapy
Biophosphonate
Allopurional and fluid to treat hyperuricemia
Hemodylisis to manage renal failure

7. NURSING DIAGNOSIS
Acute pain related to destruction of bone and possible
pathologic fracture
Impaired physical mobility related to pain and possible
fracture
Fear related to poor prognosis
Risk of injury related to complication of disease process