Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet application that allows users to perform calculations, create graphs, and manage data using various tools such as pivot tables and a macro programming language (VBA). It features a grid of rows and columns, where users can utilize various formulas for calculations, data manipulation, and visual data representation using charts. Excel also provides advanced functionalities like filters, customizable reports, and interactive data analysis through pivot tables.

3. Microsoft Excel (full name Microsoft Office Excel) is
a spreadsheet application written and distributed by
Microsot for MicrosoftWindows and Mac OS X. It features
calculation, graphing tools, pivot tables and a macro
programming language calledVBA (Visual Basic for
Applications).
Default Name of MS- EXCELWorkbook: BOOK1
Extension of MS-EXCEL: .xls
It is a table format which uses rows & columns to make any
report & table. It is consists of workbook.
MS-EXCEL

4. Worksheet is a grid made up of horizontal row and vertical columns .The
Excel 2007 worksheet contains 1048576 rows and 16384 columns .
Each intersection of a row and a column forms a cell , in which the user can
store data .
Active cell
Office button
Formula
BAR
column
Letter
Row
Number
Name box
sheet
tab
ribbon

6. To create a new file
To open a new file
To close the active file
To save the active file
To save file in required format.
To Print active file
To close the EXCEL document.

7.  Cell and Range References :- A reference identifies a cell or a
range of cells on a worksheet and tells Microsoft Excel where to looks for
the values or data the user wants to use in a formula . The user can also
refer to cells on other sheets in the same workbook , and to other
workbooks. References to cells in other workbooks are called links .
 Relative cell References :- This is the most widely used type of
cell references in formulas . Relative cell references are basic cell
references that adjust and change when copied or when using Autofill.
Absolute cell References :- When a formula or function is copied
or moved to another location , any cell references in the formula or
function get adjusted as well . However there are some situations where
a cell reference inside a formula must ALWAYS refer to the same cell.

9. Formula:-
=sum(value1,value2,………….).
• It is used to make the sum or additions of
the numbers of any two or more cells.
S
M

10. Formula:-
=count(value1,value2,…………).
• It is used to count the cells out of the cells in
which a number is written.

11. Formula:-
=counta(value1,value2,………………).
• It is used to count the unblanked cells or
the cells in which some contents is written
out of the selected cells.

12. Formula:-
=countblank(Range).
• It is used to count the blank cells out of
the selected cells.
• If we press only spacebar in any cell,
then this cell be counted as unblanked cell.

13. Formula:-
=countif(Range,Criteria)
• it is used to count the number of cells
according to a given condition in the selected
cells.
• For ex-
If we give condition that-
=countif(A1:A9,”>=10”)
Then , it count the cells which have its >=10.

14. Formula:-
=sumif(Range,Criteria,sum_range)
• It is used to make the sum of numbers
according to the given condition.

15. Formula:-
=today()
• It is used to write the current date in
any cell.

16. Formula:-
=now().
• it is used to write the date & time in any
cell.

17. Formula:-
=concatenate(text1,text2,………..).
• It is used to join the two words of
different cells in one cell.

18. Formula:-
=if(logical_text,value_if_true,value_if_false
).
• It is used to get a result in a cell according
to the given condition.

19. Formula:-
=vlookup(lookup_value,table_array,col_
index_num…..).
• it is used to make a link between two
different sheets or two different
workbook.

21. It is used to filter the table by which we find
about a single person or by a given condition in
a large table.
The type of filters in this are-
 Auto filter.
 Advanced filter.

22. A PivotTable report is an interactive way to quickly summarize large
amounts of data. Use a PivotTable report to analyze numerical data in
depth and to answer unanticipated questions about your data. A
PivotTable report is especially designed for:
Querying large amounts of data in many user-friendly ways.
Subtotaling and aggregating numeric data, summarizing data by
categories and subcategories, and creating custom calculations and
formulas.
Expanding and collapsing levels of data to focus your results, and
drilling down to details from the summary data for areas of interest.
Moving rows to column or columns to rows (or "pivoting") to see
different summaries of the source data.
Filtering, sorting, grouping, and conditionally formatting the most
useful and interesting subset of data to enable you to focus on the
information that you want.
Presenting concise, attractive, and annotated online or printed reports.

23. It is used to give a condition on any one or
more cells & then input a message & if that
condition is wrong then make alert by a
comment.

24. Charts are used to display series of numeric data in a graphical format to make it
easier to understand large quantities of data and the relationship between
different series of data.
A chart has many elements. Some of these elements are displayed by default,
others can be added as needed. You can change the display of the chart elements
by moving them to other locations in the chart, resizing them, or by changing the
format. You can also remove chart elements that you do not want to display.
1. The chart area of the chart.
2. The plot area of the chart.
3. The data points of the data
series that are plotted in the chart.
4. The horizontal (category) and
vertical (value) axis along which the
data is plotted in the chart.
5. The legend of the chart.
6. A chart and axis title that you can
use in the chart.
7. A data label that you can use to
identify the details of a data point in a
data series.

25. Excel supports numerous types of charts to help you
display data in ways that are meaningful to your
audience. When you create a chart or change an existing
chart, you can choose from a wide range of chart types
(such as a column chart or a pie chart) and their
subtypes (such as a stacked column chart or a pie in 3-D
chart). You can also create a combination chart by using
more than one chart type in your chart.

26. Data that is arranged in columns or rows on a worksheet can
be plotted in a column chart. Column charts are useful for
showing data changes over a period of time or for illustrating
comparisons among items.
In column charts, categories are typically organized along the
horizontal axis and values along the vertical axis.
Column charts have the following chart
subtypes:
•Clustered column and clustered
column in 3-D
•Stacked column and stacked column
in 3-D
•3-D column
•Cylinder, cone, and pyramid

27. Data that is arranged in columns or rows on a worksheet can
be plotted in a line chart. Line charts can display continuous
data over time, set against a common scale, and are therefore
ideal for showing trends in data at equal intervals. In a line
chart, category data is distributed evenly along the horizontal
axis, and all value data is distributed evenly along the vertical
axis.
Line charts have the following chart
subtypes:
•Line and line with markers
•Stacked line and stacked line with
markers
•100% stacked line and 100% stacked
line with markers
•3-D line

28. Data that is arranged in one column or row only on a worksheet can be plotted in
a pie chart. Pie charts show the size of items in one data series proportional to
the sum of the items. The data points in a pie chart are displayed as a
percentage of the whole pie.
Consider using a pie chart when:
•You only have one data series that you want to
plot.
•None of the values that you want to plot
are negative.
•Almost none of the values that you want to
plot are zero values.
•You don't have more than seven categories.
•The categories represent parts of the whole pie.
Pie charts have the following chart subtypes:
•Pie and pie in 3-D
•Pie of pie and bar of pie
•Exploded pie and exploded pie in 3-D

29. Data that is arranged in columns or rows on a worksheet can be plotted
in a bar chart. Bar charts illustrate comparisons among individual items
Consider using a bar chart when:
The axis labels are long.
The values that are shown are durations.
Bar charts have the following chart subtypes:
•Clustered bar and clustered bar in 3-D
•Stacked bar and stacked bar in 3-D
•100% stacked bar and 100% stacked bar in 3-D
•Horizontal cylinder, cone, and pyramid

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