Weasprofessionalstendtohavearomanticapproachtowardsthetraditionalconstructions&thusassumethatthetraditionalconstructionsaremoreenergyefficient.butbydoingthisstudyonereachestoasparinglydifferent&surprisingconclusionswhichwouldhavenotbeenpossibleotherwise,themostsignificantconclusionsare: 1.ThestudyconfirmsourfirsthypothesisthatHassanFathy'sneo-traditionalhousessaveenergyovertheircontemporarymoderncounterparts.However,thisenergyisnotinthedailyuseofthebuilding.Theenergyconservationismostlyinthelifecycleanalysisofthestructuresandisrelatedtosustainabilityofenergyresourcesconsumedinthebuildingprocessratherthaninthebuildinguse.ThiscouldshedlightontheimportantroleofthedesignandconstructionstrategiesemployedbyHassanFathyintheuseofsimpleman-madethickmasonrywallsofveryhighthermalmassandconsiderablylowthermalresistance.Implicationsmightsuggestabroaderconceptualizationofenvironmentalsustainabilityrelatedtotheenergylevelsconsumedinproducinghightechnologymaterialsthatachievethesameresultsofthesesimpleprotocols.

1. M O N I T O R I N G B U I L D I N G P E R F O R M A N C E
By Arpit Jain & Anubhav Rastogi

2. “A HOUSE IS A MACHINE FOR LIVING IN…”
By Le Corbusier
M O N I T O R I N G B U I L D I N G P E R F O R M A N C E
By Arpit Jain & Anubhav Rastogi

3. M O N I T O R I N G B U I L D I N G P E R F O R M A N C E
By Arpit Jain & Anubhav Rastogi
V I L L A S A V O Y E : By Le Corbusier

4. M O N I T O R I N G B U I L D I N G P E R F O R M A N C E
By Arpit Jain & Anubhav Rastogi
J O H N S O N ’ S W A X T O W E R : By Frank Lloyd Wright

5. M O N I T O R I N G B U I L D I N G P E R F O R M A N C E
By Arpit Jain & Anubhav Rastogi
S Y D N E Y O P E R A H O U S E : By Jorn Utzon

6. M O N I T O R I N G B U I L D I N G P E R F O R M A N C E
By Arpit Jain & Anubhav Rastogi
A I R P O R T A U T H O R I T Y O F I N D I A : A Case Study by Sanjeev Gupta, Mukesh Khare, Radha Goyal

7. T O O L S R E Q U I R E D F O R T H E M O N I T O R I N G P R O C E S S
M O N I T O R I N G B U I L D I N G P E R F O R M A N C E
By Arpit Jain & Anubhav Rastogi

8. M O N I T O R I N G B U I L D I N G P E R F O R M A N C E
By Arpit Jain & Anubhav Rastogi
I M A G E I N S T R U M E N T C O S T(Rs.) D E S C R I P T I O N
DIGITAL HOT WIRE ANEMOMETER 3,500/-
THE ANEMOMETER USES A
TEMPERATURE-COMPENSATED
HOT WIRE TO MEASURE AIR
VELOCITIES OVER A 0 TO 10
M/S RANGE.
TELAIRE CO2 MONITOR
46,500/-
PROVIDES REAL TIME
CONTINUOUSLY UPDATED
READINGS OF CO2
CONCENTRATION WITHIN THE
RANGE OF 100 TO 2000 PPM
FOR BETTER VENTILATION
EFFECTIVENESS.
BOROZIN SMOKE GUN 9,350/-
HELPS IN THE VISUAL TRACKING
OF THE AIR FLOW PATTERNS.
THIS TECHNIQUE WORKS WELL
IN THE RELATIVELY LOW AIR
VELOCITIES ENCOUNTERED IN
ARCHITECTURAL SPACES.

9. M O N I T O R I N G B U I L D I N G P E R F O R M A N C E
By Arpit Jain & Anubhav Rastogi
I M A G E I N S T R U M E N T C O S T D E S C R I P T I O N
ECO SENSORS VOC &
OZONE MONITORS
20,000/- & 35,000/-
RESPECTIVELY
PROVIDE CONCENTRATIONS
OF VOCs & OZONE IN AIR.
RAYTEK RANGER PORTABLE
INFRARED PYROMETER
66,500/-
MAKES NON-CONTACT
MEASUREMENTS OF SURFACE
TEMPERATURE BASED ON AN
ASSUMED SURFACE
EMISSIVITY.
MANUAL SLING PSYCHROMETER 6,500/-
PROVIDES AN OLD FASHIONED
BUT RELIABLE, MEANS FOR
DETERMINING RELATIVE
HUMIDITY(DBT, WBT, RH)

10. M O N I T O R I N G B U I L D I N G P E R F O R M A N C E
By Arpit Jain & Anubhav Rastogi
I M A G E I N S T R U M E N T C O S T D E S C R I P T I O N
MINOLTA T-1H ILLUMINANCE
METER
56,500/-
MEASURES ILLUMINANCE
INCIDENT ON A PLANAR
SURFACE(LUX OR FOOTCANDLES)
MINOLTA LS-100 LUMINANCE
METER
2,00,110/-
MEASURES SURFACE LUMINANCE
FOR A 1 DEGREE SPOT DESIGNATED
BY AN OPTICAL VIEWFINDER
(CANDELAS/M2)
SYLVANIA PHOTOMETER 12,000/-
MEASURES ILLUMINANCE
INCIDENT ON A PLANAR SURFACE
(FOOTCANDLES)

11. M O N I T O R I N G B U I L D I N G P E R F O R M A N C E
By Arpit Jain & Anubhav Rastogi
I M A G E I N S T R U M E N T C O S T D E S C R I P T I O N
FLUKE 87 RMS MULTIMETER 22,500/-
MEASURES A HOST OF ELECTRICAL
VARIABLES INCLUDING VOLTAGE,
RESISTANCE, CONTINUITY,
CAPACITANCE, CURRENT.
SUUNTO HANDHELD CLINOMETER 9,800/-
MEASURES THE LOCATION OF
HORIZON SHADING OBSTACLES
SCIENTIFIC DATALOGGER 1,88,000/- MEASURES ANALOG & DIGITAL
SIGNALS, PROVIDES ANALOG &
DIGITAL OUTPUTS

12. C A S E S T U D Y : A T A L E O F T W O H O U S E S
M O N I T O R I N G B U I L D I N G P E R F O R M A N C E
By Arpit Jain & Anubhav Rastogi

13. M O N I T O R I N G B U I L D I N G P E R F O R M A N C E
By Arpit Jain & Anubhav Rastogi
THE MONITORING OF THE BUILDING PERFORMANCE CAN BE DONE BY OBTAINING & REVIEWING THE FOLLOWING DATA. THIS DATA CAN BE OBTAINED
WITH THE HELP OF SIMPLE BUT PRECISE SCIENTIFIC EQUIPMENTS:
1. WHOLE BUILDING ENERGY USE.
2. TAKING A BUILDING’S TEMPERATURE : MEASUREMENT & DISPLAY OF A BUILDING’S THERMAL PERFORMANCE
3. THERMAL MASS IN PASSIVE SOLAR & ENERGY CONSERVING BUILDINGS
4. INTERIOR ILLUMINANCE, DAYLIGHT CONTROLS & OCCUPANTS RESPONSE
5. HVAC COMPONENTS & SYSTEMS
6. OBSERVING AIR FLOW IN BUILDINGS
7. THE DYNAMICS PATTERN OF SHADING & SOLAR HEAT GAIN THROUGH WINDOWS
8. GLAZING PERFORMANCE
H O W T O M O N I T O R T H E B U I L D I N G P E R F O R M A N C E:

14. M O N I T O R I N G B U I L D I N G P E R F O R M A N C E
By Arpit Jain & Anubhav Rastogi
M I T R E H A N : By Hassan Fathy C A I R O V I L L A

15. M O N I T O R I N G B U I L D I N G P E R F O R M A N C E
By Arpit Jain & Anubhav Rastogi
CASE STUDY WAS DONE BASED ON THE FOLLOWING THREE HYPOTHESES :
1. Mit Rehan would have better thermal performance as compared to contemporary modern architecture.
2. Due to Mit Rehan’s material selection & sustainable construction methodology it would have reduced energy levels due to natural heating & cooling, while
maintaining satisfactory comfort levels of its occupants.
3. Also Mit Rehan would produce an architectural language that satisfies the user’s needs & wants while maintaining the traditional heritage of the region.
ANALYSIS CARRIED OUT WITH THE HELP OF TOOLS & EQUIPMENTS LISTED BEFORE :

16. M O N I T O R I N G B U I L D I N G P E R F O R M A N C E
By Arpit Jain & Anubhav Rastogi
ANALYSIS CARRIED OUT WITH THE HELP OF TOOLS & EQUIPMENTS LISTED BEFORE :

17. M O N I T O R I N G B U I L D I N G P E R F O R M A N C E
By Arpit Jain & Anubhav Rastogi
CONCLUSIONS BASED ON THE STUDY & THE ANALYSIS :
We as professionals tend to have a romantic approach towards the traditional constructions & thus assume that the
traditional constructions are more energy efficient. but by doing this study one reaches to a sparingly different &
surprising conclusions which would have not been possible otherwise, the most significant conclusions are :
1. The study confirms our first hypothesis that Hassan Fathy's neo-traditional houses save energy over their
contemporary modern counterparts. However, this energy is not in the daily use of the building. The energy
conservation is mostly in the life cycle analysis of the structures and is related to sustainability of energy resources
consumed in the building process rather than in the building use. This could shed light on the important role of the
design and construction strategies employed by Hassan Fathy in the use of simple man-made thick masonry walls of
very high thermal mass and considerably low thermal resistance. Implications might suggest a broader
conceptualization of environmental sustainability related to the energy levels consumed in producing high technology
materials that achieve the same results of these simple protocols.
2. Similarly, based on the assumption that traditional and neo-traditional environments are more enclosed with smaller
window areas, thus as hypothesized, would have a better thermal performance over contemporary villas. Results
indicated that visual information related to the degree of glazing and openness of modern structures can be a
deceiving criteria in judging their performance. Although visually Hassan Fathy's Mit Rehan seemed to have less glazing
and openings than the Cairo Villa, the vital statistics showed (Table) that their glazing to floor area percentages are
similar. Moreover, recessed windows covered with wooden lattice work in Fathy's Mit Rehan have similar thermal
performance as flush windows shaded with overhangs in the Cairo Villa. This might suggest that both strategies are
valid criteria in enhancing the building's thermal performance and should be viewed according to the suitability of the
context and user's preferences.
3. Users thermal association with the building's form and style as well as their association of thermal comfort to certain
architectural elements might be an important finding and could be investigated in future research. This could also
introduce a different conceptualization towards the users perception of thermal comfort as related to context.
Cairo Villa Mit Rehan
Bldg. Type Contemporary Neo-Traditional
Const. Type Beam & Column Bearing Wall
Ground Fl. Area 200 Sq. M. 242 Sq. M.
Ground Fl. Terrace
Area
45 Sq. M. 170 Sq. M.
Total Ground Fl. Area 245 Sq. M. 412 Sq. M.
1st Fl. Area 220 Sq. M. 110 Sq. M.
1st Fl. Terrace Area 40 Sq. M. 65 Sq. M.
1st Ground Fl. Area 260 Sq. M. 175 Sq. M.
Total Area 505 Sq. M. 587 Sq. M.
Wall Area 420 Sq. M. 550 Sq. M.
Window Area 90 Sq. M. 70 Sq. M.
Masonry Type Red Brick Sandstone
Masonry Ground Fl. 42 Cu. M. 518 Cu. M.
Masonry 1st Fl. 50 Cu. M. 70 Cu. M.
Total Masonry 92 Cu. M. 588 Cu. M.
Concrete Type Reinforced Ordinary/light reinf.
Concrete Ground Fl. 71 Cu. M. 70 Cu. M.
Concrete 1st Fl. 60 Cu. M. 18 Cu. M.
Total Concrete 131 Cu. M. 88 Cu. M.
Thermal Storage
Mass
941 kJ/deg K/Sq M 3,012 kJ/deg K/Sq M
U of Roofs and Floors 0.48 w/Sq M/deg K 1.91 w/Sq M/deg K
U of Walls 1.73 w/Sq M/deg K 1.15 w/Sq M/deg K
U of Roofs and Floors 5.36 w/Sq M/deg K 4.76 w/Sq M/deg K
Building UA 1,574 w/deg K 2763 w/deg K
Ubldg 3.12 w/deg K/Sq M 4.71 w/deg K/Sq M
Pct. Void/T-Area 21% 20%

18. M O N I T O R I N G B U I L D I N G P E R F O R M A N C E
By Arpit Jain & Anubhav Rastogi
Building Information Modeling for Smart Built Environments
•The rapid advances in information and communication technologies (ICT) have
led to take a central stage in the construction and management of emerging
smart built environments (SBEs).
•“Smart built environment” refers to a built environment that has been
embedded with smart objects, such as sensors and actuators, with computing
and communication capabilities.
•Building information modeling (BIM) provides architectural 3D visualization and
a standardized way to share and exchange building information. BIM can also be
used for the post-construction management of the built facility.
•The Autodesk research group integrated BIM with sensors and meters to provide
3D visualization of building performance and life-cycle operation.
•The Virtual Real-time Information System (VRIS) combines an Onuma cloud-based
BIM tool with a real-time sensor engine called the Virtual Real-time Operating
Centre (vROC) to provide building management functions.
•BIM introduces exchangeable information formats ,i.e., International Foundation
Classes (IFC), for modeling and visualizing building entities in 3D.

19. M O N I T O R I N G B U I L D I N G P E R F O R M A N C E
By Arpit Jain & Anubhav Rastogi
CASE STUDY
George Mason University Of Science and Technology, located in
Fairfax, Virginia
• In order to illustrate relationships between design decisions
and building performance analysis using BIM, a case study is
discussed.
• Data exchange Format - gbXML
• Analysis tools - Ecotect ,Radiance , Green Building
Studio and EnergyPlus
• BIM design tool - Revit
Objectives of this study
• Site context and shadow ranges for winter and summer solstices
• Addition building: shading devices on the east facade; solar exposure; daylight levels
and glare for selected laboratory spaces
• Addition building: shading devices on the west facade; solar exposure; daylight levels
and glare for corridor area
• Addition building: solar exposure and daylight for the north and south atrium facades
• Renovation building: shading devices on the west facade; solar exposure; daylight levels
for selected computer laboratories and glare analysis
• Properties of building envelope (specifically, glass selection) for improving energy
efficiency.

20. M O N I T O R I N G B U I L D I N G P E R F O R M A N C E
By Arpit Jain & Anubhav Rastogi
•Compares average solar exposure for the west facade without and
with aluminum screen mesh vertical shading devices.
•The vertical shading fins significantly reduce solar heat.
•The design of shading devices was changed based on this analysis.
•daylight levels in the corridor , which are sufficient for this circulation space.
• Therefore, it was concluded that the shading devices along the west facade effectively
block solar radiation without negatively affecting the availability of natural light..
•Initial design for the east facade of Addition building included vertical fins as shading elements.
•It was found that the east facade annually receives only a small percentage of incident solar radiation (around 6%), and that on average spends 87% of time in shade.
•The results of the analysis were implemented in the final design, and the shading elements were eliminated.

21. M O N I T O R I N G B U I L D I N G P E R F O R M A N C E
By Arpit Jain & Anubhav Rastogi
•It was found that the
daylight levels would
not be too high
without the shading
elements, and that
visual comfort
conditions would be
acceptable.
Conclusion
• Coupling BIM-based analysis with BIM-based design production tools occurs when all design/performance analysis team members work collaboratively within
an iterative process of design decision-making.
• There are both direct (gbXML) and indirect (DXF) routes for exchanging three dimensional BIM models with building performance analysis applications. It is
important to know what type of design information is needed for a specific analysis.
• BIM-design and BIM-analysis models need to be managed and developed properly. In essence, BIM design models typically have too many architectural and
construction details, which are not needed for the performance analysis.
Bibliography
• BIM-Based Building Performance Analysis: Evaluation and Simulation of Design Decisions.
• Building Information Modeling for Smart Built Environments , Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Auckland University of Technology

22. M O N I T O R I N G B U I L D I N G P E R F O R M A N C E
By Arpit Jain & Anubhav Rastogi
THAT’S ALL FOLKS !!