This presentation was basically a test for IMM candidates who were appearing in the IMM exam Dec. This test in the form of PPT contain the format of CPSP. Very helpfull for candidates.
radiological anatomy of retroperitoneum powerpointDactarAdhikari
brief and concise on radiological anatomy of retroperitoneum
includes topic like pararenal space,perirenal space,fascial plane,retroperitoneum hematoma and sign of mass origin
radiological anatomy of retroperitoneum powerpointDactarAdhikari
brief and concise on radiological anatomy of retroperitoneum
includes topic like pararenal space,perirenal space,fascial plane,retroperitoneum hematoma and sign of mass origin
uses and indication of radiology in surgeryanimesh kunwar
1.Introduction
2.Diagnostic modalities in radiology
3.Role of radiological imaging in emergency surgical situation
4.Role of radiological imaging in elective surgical situation
5.Conclusion
Urinary bladder collects urine from the kidney which is then passed through the urethra. Cancer is abnormal growth of cells leading to tumour in urinary bladder. Bladder Cancer is diagnosed with cystoscopy and biopsy . Treatment of Bladder cancer is done as per stage. It includes Radical Cystectomy, Plevic Lymphadenectomy, Ileal conduit, Neobladder as surgical options.
ebstein anomaly is rare congenital disorder,with variable presentation in neonate to adults,early diagnosis and timely take decision make remarkable difference in patients life.
Thyroid swelling and management. In detail case discussion of thyroid swelling and its management. Details of examination as well included in the slide.
Dislocation of joint is very tricky. In this presentation radiological evaluation of Dislocation of various joints will be discussed.
This is one of the best pictoral review of important joint dislocations
Renal Color Doppler Ultrasound.
After studying this presentation one will be able to perform and interpret ultrasound.
This presntation in my opinion is best short analog to text.
In this presentation we will discuss the bone age assessment mainly focusing wrist radiograph.
we shall also highlights some points in adult bone age
Basically it is an introduction. We shall not discuss its judicial importance
Role of medical imaging in developemental dysplasia of Hip Dr muhammad Bin Zu...Dr. Muhammad Bin Zulfiqar
In this presentation we will discuss the role of medical imaging---plain Radiography, Ultrasound,Arthrography, CT and MRI in the evaluation of Developemental dysplasia of hip. Our main focuss will be on Sonographic evaluation.
In this presentation we will discuss the basic of axial trauma from head to pelvis. We will discuss the important key points that aids in the diagnosis of axial trauma
This is a chapter from Grainger and Allison. I have Coolected all images from chapter 21 with caption in this presentation.
In my opinion it will be very benificial to have this in your android.
This presentation is the first series of the MR imaging of Knee.
In this presentation MRI anatomy has been discussed. As we all know good knowledge of medical imaging three dimensional anatomy is key for good reporting.
Hope we all get benifitted.
Suggestions are most welcome
This is a chapter from Grainger and Allison. I have Coolected all images from chapter 20 with caption in this presentation.
In my opinion it will be very benificial to have this in your android. ,
This presentation is almost a complete Pictoral view of Radiograph chest.
This presentation will help radiologist in daily reporting.
This presentation will help physicians, surgeons, anesthetist and almost all medical professionals in diagnosing commonly presenting cardiac diseases.
This will also help all in preparaing TOACS examination.
This is a chapter from Grainger and Allison. I have Coolected all images from chapter 19 with caption in this presentation.
In my opinion it will be very benificial to have this in your android. ,
In this presentation we will dscuss the imp imaging features of Posterior fossa tumors in pediatric age group.
Medulloblastoma
Pilocytic Astrocytoma
Ependymoma
Brainstem Glioma
Schwanoma
Meningioma
Epidermoid Cyst
Arachnoid Cyst
In this presentation we will discuss about the
Anatomy of Prostate
Technique of Transrectal US
Carcinoma Prostate and
Different modes of prostatic biopsy.
In this presentation we shall discuss all fractures with specific names .
This is a pictoral review.
This presentation will be very helpful for radiologist to have in their androids to help them in rapid reporting
In this presentation all images of Chapter 18 from Grainger and Allison have been discussed.
Our aim is to discuss authentic material .
This is only for educational purposes.
In this chapter air space infilteration have been discussed. Ground glass haze and consolidation are discussed in detail.
This presentation is a selection of images from 17th chapter of grainger and allison.
Our aim is to provide standard and proved cases of the disease process.
This all is for educational purpose
Objectives of this presentation are
Introduction to ct
Cross sectional anatomy
Common important pathologies
This presentation is aimed to educate beginers to help in ct interpretetion.
16 High Resolution Computed Tomography of Interstitial and Occupational Lung ...Dr. Muhammad Bin Zulfiqar
This presentation is collection of images from chapter 16 of Grainger and Allison.
Inthis we will discuss the ILD.
This is only for educational purposes.
This Presentation is a collection of chapter 5 images from Grainger and Allison.
Our aim is to study authentic data.
This is only for educational purposes
In this presentation we will discuss role of high resolution in characterizing normal variant and pathologies of spinal pathologies.
This is a pictoral review.
This presentation provides sufficient material for anyone who wants is interested in interventional radiology. Here we will discuss the available facilities, mechanisms and equipments.
In my opinion this presentation will prove a footstep in interventional radiology
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
9. • Study and View.
• Findings
• Diagnosis
• Differntial Diagnosis.
• Name the Sign on IVU
H/O Left Flank Pain
10. Fill the missing
• The smaller the anode angle, the larger the
heel effect.
• The usual shape of a focal spot is the double
• Banana???
• K X Ray energy of Molybdenum is Kev.
• Atomic No of Tungsten is ????
• Pair production has role in radiology.
11. • Name the study.
• Findings
• Diagnosis.
• Conventional radiographic approach regarding
posttraumatic posterior urethral stricture
Poor stream from 2 years
21. • Study
• Findings
• Diagnosis
• Differntial Diagnosis
• What Next
CT done for an incidental finding on chest
radiograph in otherwise healthy young adult.
45. • Gray Scale and Doppler abdominal
Ultrasound.
• Portal Vein is Distended by echogenic
thrombus. On color doppler no flow is seen.
Liver echotexture is coarse.
• Portal Vein thrombus.
• Hepatitis C, B
• Biphasic CT.
46. • MR Imaging.
• Phase encoded motion artifact / Ghosting.
• Council, immobilize or sedate patient / swap
phase and frequency.
• Any two Artifact.
47. • Contrast Enhanced Axial CT abdomen
Portovenous Phase
• Heterogeneously contrast enhancing lesion in
the body of pancreas which is completely
encircling the celiac trunk and its branches.
Conglomerate lymph nodes also seen.
• Pancreatic Body Malignant Mass.
• Tumor is irresectable irresectable.
49. • Radiograph Chest PA and Lateral View.
• Radiograph demonstrates complete opacification
of the left hemithorax with abrupt cutoff of left
main bronchus with ipsilateral tracheal and
mediastinal shift. Associated marked
displacement of right lung anteriorly and
posteriorly across midline. Note the marked
anterior hyperlucency of the thorax on the lateral
view (B).
• Lung Mass (Bronchogenic Carcinoma).
• CT Chest with IV Contrast.
51. • Ultrasound Pelvis Transverse and Longitudinal.
• Well defined cystic lesion is seen in the
urinary bladder at vesico-ureteric junction. No
definitive wall defect is seen.
• Ureterocele.
• Bladder diverticulum and Pseudoureterocele.
• Cobra Head Sign.
53. • Retrograde Urethrogram.
• Strictural narrowing of the bulbous urethra is
seen, however transit of contrast is seen into
posterior urethra.
• Stricture Bulbous urethra.
• simultaneous antegrade cystourethrography
and retrograde urethrography are often
required to determine the length of the
urethral defect.
54. • radiographic rating charts for a given x-ray
tube.
• Anode Cooling Chart, Housing cooling chart.
• Tube rating charts aid the radiographer in
using acceptable exposure levels to maximize
x-ray tube life.
55. • MD CT Sagittal Reconstructed MIP image.
• A homogeneously contrast enhancing lesion in
at the carotid bifurcation with splaying of ECA
and ICA. No vascular erosion or luminal
narrowing is seen. No definitive
Lymphadenopathy seen.
• Carotid Body Tumors.
• Neurilemomma,
56.
57. • Ultrasound Abdomen Through Stomach
transverse View.
• An echogenic focus with shadowing seen
occupying and distending the stomach.
• Trichobezoar.
• Phytobezoar, foreign body, mass.
• Ct Abdomen Plain and with IV contrast
58. • Psoas Muscle
• Spinous Process
• Rectum
• Gluteus medius
• Gluteus maximus
59. • IVU
• Right kidney is visualized in the lower
abdomen and pelvis in front of right side of L5
vertebra and is relatively smaller with
prominent pelvicalyceal system.
• Right Ectopic Kidney— lower abdomen and
pelvis.
• Transplanted Kidney.
• DTPA, MR IVU, CT IVU
60. • A, Trough filter.
• B, Wedge filter.
• C, “Bow-tie” filter for use in computed
tomography.
• D, Conic filters for use in digital fluoroscopy.
61. • Radiograph Chest PA view. One of spot film of
barium swallow.
• Radiograph demonstrate mediastinal widening
with a tube like structure extending from neck to
the abdomen with air fluid levels.
• A smooth, tapered, beaklike narrowing of the
distal esophagus adjacent to the
gastroesophageal junction with hold up of
contrast in retrograde dilated esophagus.
• Cardiac Achlasia.
62. • IVC
• Right crus of diaphragm
• Aorta
• Main Portal vein
• Fissure / Ligamentum Teres
63. • CT Chest Axial Slice.
• A well defined smooth oval lobulated nodule
seen in posterior basal segment with popcorn
calcification. No tail sign and no spiculations.
• Hemartoma.
• Granuloma, AVM.
• Follow up radiograph 6 months. If no interval
change then yearly and then 2 yearly.
65. • Radiograph Chest PA view of Skeletally immature
subject.
• Cardiac size is enlarged with boat shape configuration
and cardiac apex pointing upward.
• Tetrology of fallot
• Other congenital Cyanotic Heart diseases. e.g. total
anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR) ,
transposition of the great arteries (TGA) truncus
arteriosus and large AVSD
• Cardiac MRI / Cardiac CT
•
66. • Ascending Aorta
• Descending Aorta
• Brachiocephalic Trunk
• Right Subclavian Artery
• Right CCA
67. • Radiograph Right Hip and Radiograph right
Knee Joint.
• Radiograph demonstrates displaced fracture
of the intracapsular portion of the neck of
femur at level of its junction with femoral
head. Overlying caste is also seen. Foleys
catheter is also seen.
• Subcapital Femoral Neck Fracture.
• 3 D CT and MRI for pelvic pathologies
68. • Chest Radiograph PA View
• Radiograph demonstrates extensive bilateral
hilar lymphadenopathy with thickened right
paratracheal stripe. No definitve lung
pathology is seen.
• Sarcoidosis
• Lymphoma, T.B.
• HRCT Chest / CT Chest with IV Contrast
69. • Posterior oblique – both hands (ball catcher’s
or Norgaard projection)
• The vertical central ray is centred to a point
midway between the hands at the level of the
fifth metacarpo-phalangeal joints.
• This projection may be used in the diagnosis
of rheumatoid arthritis. It can also be used to
demonstrate a fracture of the base of the fifth
metacarpal.
70. • CT Skull Scout View and Axial CT Scan with
Bone Window.
• Numerous well defined lytic lesions of variable
size and shape are seen diffusely scattered in
the calvarium.
• Multiple Myeloma
• Metastasis, Lymphoma.
• Skeletal Survey, Whole body low dose CT, MRI,
PET CT.
72. • Ct BRAIN (PLAIN) Axial slice
• Hyperdense cresentric shaped lesion in right
parietal region,effacement of ipsilateral lateral
ventricle and adjacent sulci. Fracture of
underlying bone with associated scalp
hematoma .no midline shift,no subarachnoid
extension.
• Subdural hematoma.
73. • Tunnel View.
• Centre immediately below the apex of the
patella, with the following angulations to
demonstrate either the anterior or posterior
aspects of the notch:
– 110 degrees angulation along long axis of tibia to look
for Anterior aspect of the notch.
– 90 degrees angulation along long axis of tibia to look
for Posterior aspect of the notch.
• Loose bodies and Fracture of tibial Spine.
74. • CT brain(plain) axial slice
• Hypodense lesion involving the right MCA
territory, loss of grey and white matter
differentiation, effacement of sulci…vanishing
basal ganglia sign.mass effect causing effacement
of ipsilateral lateral ventricle.no midline shift
• Acute Infacrt in Right MCA territory
• Carotid Doppler and echocardiography
76. • X Ray chest PLAIN PA view
• lobulated soft tissue opacities in both hilar
regions , lung fields are normal and cp angles
are clear,
• Sarcoidosis
• Dd Lymphoma , Tuberculosis , histoplasmosis
• Blood ACE levels
77.
78. • X ray wrist frontal projection
• Expansile Lytic lesion located at the distal end
of radius with multiple trabeculations/sepate
, no fracture of bone noted. No intra articular
extention.
• Giant cell tumor
• Dd aneurysmal bone cyst, simple bone cyst,
fibrous dysplasia, metastasis
• CT or MRI (show fluid fluid levels)
79. (1). Cervical Portion of ICA
(2). Supraclinoid portion of ICA
(3). Ophthalmic Artery
(4). ACA
(5). MCA
80. • HRCT
• Axial CT at the level of the lower part of the
chest shows bilateral bronchiectasis in the right
middle lobe and the left lower lobe with some
mucoid impactions. Note the presence of
bronchial wall thickening and multiple foci of
‘tree-in-bud’ sign, reflecting infectious
bronchiolitis.
• Situs inversus (Kartagener’s syndrome).
• Cystic Fibrosis.
82. • Mamography MLO view
• A large thin walled well defined encapsulated
lesion with heterogeneous density in retroareolar
region of right breast. It consists of both fat and
soft tissue density. No intralesional calcification
is noted. No skin thickening or nipple retraction is
noted.
• Possibility of benign hamartomatous lesion
(fibroadenolipoma). Also called as BREAST
WITHIN BREAST appearance
83. (1). Perkin's line
(2). Hilgenreiner's line
(3). Shenton's curve
(4). Acetabular angle
(5). Acetabular Line
84. • Plain X ray Chest PA view
• Multiple gas locules within the lower left
chest, the majority of the rest of the left lung
opacified. The left hemidiaphragm can not be
seen. The mediastinum and the heart are
deviated to the contralateral right side.
• congenital Diaphragmatic hernia. Two types
bochdAalek and morgagni
• Barium study(follow through) and ct scan
86. • Plain x ray chest frontal projection
• A cavity in the left upper zone with the
formation of intra-cavitary bodies and
surrounding fibrosis, suggestive of mycetoma
formation. The left lower zone reveals
bronchiectatic changes.
• Mycetoma formation on background of
tuberculosis.