The document provides information on various radiological diagnostic methods and their applications. It discusses ultrasound, CT, MRI, x-rays, and other imaging techniques. Key points covered include how different methods are used to examine organs like the liver, kidneys, bones and joints. Common radiological signs of conditions like fractures, osteomyelitis, tumors, and abnormalities are also summarized. The document serves as a reference for choosing the appropriate imaging modality based on the clinical indication.

1. Test
The radiological picture of osteochondroma?
Homogenous spongious
Non homogenous with calcifications*
honeycomb
homogenous compact
Which part of long tubular bone becomes ossified prenatal?
Diaphysis*
Epiphysis
Apophysis
Metaphysis
Increased echogenicity of the vessels' walls of portal system occurs in:
Liver fibrosis
Liver cirrhosis
Alcohol intoxication
Toxic conditions of any reason*
In gastro-esophageal reflux the main radiological symptom:
Stomach dilatation
Esophagus dilatation
Delayed evacuation of contrast from stomach
The reflux of contrast from stomach to esophagus
The main radiological method of vesicoureteral reflux: pg 372
Ultrasonography
Excretional urography
Voiding cystourethrography *
CT
The main radiological method of metallic foreign substances is:
roentgenography;*
Ultrasonography;
CT;
All mentioned.
The roentgen negative contrast substances are:
Air;*
Gadolinium chelats;
Barium suspension, iodine substances;
99mTc-DMSA, 99mTc-MAG-3, 99mTc-DTPA.
Multi-slice computed tomographs allow:
To obtain simultaneously several slices (from 2 to 64); *
To examine simultaneously several patients;
To make simultaneously CT and US;

2. All mentioned.
In dynamic renal scintigraphy the result is: pg 367
The accumulation of RPH by the each kidney;
The velocity of RPH accumulation by the each kidney separatively;
The velocity of the RPH elimination by the each kidney separatively;
All mentioned is correct.*
The subdural hematomas on CT and US images looks like:
Circle;
Lens;
Hour-glass;
Crescent moon.*
What tumor by the clinical and radiological picture is similar to osteomyelitis?
Chondrosarcoma
Myeloma
Reticulosarcoma
Ewing sarcoma
Osteogenic sarcoma
The indications for the liver ultrasonography:
Pain in abdominal right upper quadrant, hepato (spleno) megalia
Jaundice, feces disorders, vomiting, nausea
Skin rash
All mentioned
The main radiological method of the bowel obstruction: pg 333
Radionuclide
Echography
Roentgen
CT and MRI
The indications to cystography is suspicion of:
Kidney duplication
Hydronephrosis
Vesicoureteral reflux *
Renal cyst
The main radiological method for renal vascular disorders after traumas in
children:
Excretion urography;
Angiography;
Voiding cystourethrography;
Ultrasonography with Doppler.
The pathognomonic ultrasonographic symptom of the ovarial cysts is:
Round shape of the lesion;
Thin wall of the lesion;

3. Presence of the mural cysts; *
Presence of the fine suspension inside the lesion.
The presence or suspicion of presence of superficial tissues and cartilages
pathology is the indication to:
Roentgenography;
US;*
CT;
Radionuclide method.
The main radiological symptoms of the tubular bones' fracture are:
Pain and bone deformation;
Forced attitude;
The line of fracture and displacement of bone fragments; *
All mentioned.
The radiological symptoms of the bone destruction in osteomyelitis occur:
In prodromal period of the disease;
In first hour of the disease;
In 2-nd day of the disease;
2 weeks after disease onset.
The roentgen positive contrast substances are:
Gadolinium chelats;
Barium suspension, iodine solutions;*
99mTc-DMSA, 99mTc-MAG-3, 99mTc-DTPA;
All mentioned.
What is the most frequent type of multiple myeloma ?
Local destructive
Diffuse-osteoporotic*
Solitary
Sclerotic
What are the typical symptoms of the osteogenic osteolytic sarcoma?
Diffuse osteomyelitic destruction
Sclerosis
Osteomyelitic destruction and sclerosis
Honeycomb structure of the lesion of destruction
The main radiological method of the liver examination in children:
US
Angiography
CT, MRI
Radionuclide imaging
The roentgenological symptoms of the bowel obstruction
Horizontal level of fluid in bowel
Absence of contrast movement

4. Irregular dilatation of the intestinal loop
All mentioned*
The indications to excretion urography:
The presence or suspicion of obstructive uropathy
Kidneys' traumas
The anomaly of kidney's amount, location or suspicion of following pathology
All mentioned
The roentgenologic follow-up of the patients with fracture is made for:
Approve of the presence of fracture;
Determine the secondary disposition of fragments of bone and to assess the callus;
Determine the compression of nerves by hematoma in area of fracture; *
By the will of parents or child's caregiver.
The filling defect in radiology is:
Area of increased density;
Area of increased transparency, which looks like darker spot;
Area of contrast absence, when another tissue obstructs the lumen of hollow organ
and thus the filling by contrast substance;
Area of absence of radiopharmaceutical accumulation.
Hyperdense structures on CT scans are:
Gas, liquor, swelling area;
Bone, fresh blood;*
Brain, parenchimal organs;
All mentioned.
The types of hemorrhage in brain substance are:
Hemorrhage into the brain parenchyma (periventricular and subcortical-cortical
type);
Hemorrhage into thalamus and nucleus caudatus;
Hemorrhage into cerebellum;
All mentioned.
The main radiological method of thyroid gland examination in children is:
X-ray;
MRI;
US;
CT.
What bone component determines it's (bone) intensity on X-ray film?
Bone mineral
Water
Organic components of bone tissue
Bone marrow
What is the early periostal reaction in hematogenic osteomyelitis?

5. Linear
Bulbous
Spicular
Fimbriated
Leap ("cap")
During color flow Doppler scanning of portal vein:
Left branch is red color, right - blue*
Left branch is blue, right - red
Both branches are red color
Both branches are blue
The basic method of esophagus and stomach examination is:
US
X-ray
CT
Radionuclide
The contraindications for excretional urography pg 361
Age of child less than 2 weeks
Systolic blood pressure is lower 70 мм Hg.
Renal failure and allergic response on contrast substances
All mentioned
Hydronephrosis on excretional urography is:
Dilatation of pyelus and calices;
Slow-down the tight contrasting of pyelus and calices;
Slow-down of evacuation of contrast out the pyelus and calices;
All mentioned.*
It is possible to diagnose by ultrasonography:
Ruptures and hematomas of superficial tissues, muscles;
Tendons damages;
Joints' structures damages;
All mentioned.
The method pneumoirrigography (contrast enema) is:
Artificial contrasting of large intestine by air; *
Natural contrasting of bowel by airприродному контрастуванні кишечника
повітрям;
Contrasting of large intestine by barium suspension;
Any of mentioned.
The indications to CT and MRI in young age are:
Tumors of brain, lesions, congenital abnormalities of brain;
Occlusive hydrocephaly, severe neurotrauma;
Neurosonography is giving poor information or results don't correspond to clinical
symptoms;

6. All mentioned.
The indications to ultrasonography of thyroid gland are:
Tachycardia, dyspnea, emotional lability,vegetal dysfunction; swallowing
disorders; tightness of the chest, hardness of breathing;
Arrhythmia, «cardiac pain»; fast lost or gain of weight; neck swelling (also by
palpation);
Family history; living at areas with iodine deficiency in food products and water,
prematurity; severe diseases in anamnesis;
All mentioned.
What pathological inflammatory process of bones has fast radiological dynamics?
Acute hematogenic osteomyelitis
Tuberculosis
Syphilis
Brucellosis
The gallstone in US looks like:
Sonologically dense lesion with acoustic shadow
Cystic lesion in liver hylus
Cyst with thick walls and heterogeneous content in liver parenchyma
Colloid in gallbladder
In cystography normally:
Contours of urinary bladder are clear;
Shape is oval or round;
No contrast in ureter is left;
All mentioned.
Cartilages of the joints in US:
Are visible;
Not visible;
Hided by subdermal fat;
Not differentiated from diaphyses.
Ways of inner organs contrasting:
Injection of contrast into the cavity of organ;
Injection of contrast substance intravascular введення контрастного препарату в
судинне русло (target organ captures contrast, accumulates and evacuates it);
Both are possible;
X-ray contrasting in child practice is contraindicated.
The contrast substances for CT are:
Natural liquids of organism;
water soluble iodine contrast substances; *
Barium suspension;
Gadolinium chelates.

7. The main neuro-visualizational method for young children is:
US;
X-ray;
CT;
MRI.*
The sonographic symptoms of toxic goiter are:
Fast increasing of sizes of thyroid gland;
Diffuse decreasing of echogenity of glandular parenchyma;
Increasing of vasculation of parenchyma;
All mentioned.
The stomach peristalsis usually starts from:
Subcardiac part
Middle part of stomach body*
Sinus
Prepyloric part
The most informative radiological method for peristalsis evaluation of large
intestine is:
Barium suspension per os*
Contrast enema with barium sulfate
Contrast enema with artificial hypotonus
What symptoms are the most typical for osteogenic sarcoma mixed type?
Diffuse osteolytic destruction
Honeycomb destruction
Destruction with bone swelling
Osteolytic destruction with sclerosis*
Tumorous bone proliferation
What part of tubular bone is most frequently involved in tuberculosis?
Epimethaphysis
Diaphysis
Apophysis
Any part of bone
The specific radiological symptom for pneumoperitoneum:
«Head of shark»
Target
«Sickle»
«Butterfly wings»
For renal dystopia diagnostical method is:
US and excretion urography;
plan radiography;
cystography;

8. pneumoirrigography (enema).
Roentgenologically in plan radiography the kidney stone:
never visible
visible only roentgen-contrast (oxalates, phosphates)*
always visible
visible only after filling urinary bladder
The artificial contrasting is used to:
differentiate tissues, which have similar attenuation abilities;
identify inflammative lesion;
get 3-dimensional view of examined object;
all mentioned.
The advantages of radionuclide imaging:
the method helps to evaluate organ function;
helps to assess lesions with abnormal function in organ;
helps to evaluate spatial and temporary distribution of RPH in target area;
all mentioned.
Fresh hemorrhage into brain parenchyma in neurosonography looks like:
lesion without clear borders with heterogeneously increased echogenicity;
lesion without clear borders with heterogeneously decreased echogenicity;
cystic lesion;
calcification with acoustic shadow.
The effective position of patient for free air evaluation in abdomen in perforation
of hollow organ is :
Vertical*
Horizontal
Lateropozition supine
Lateropozition left decubitus
When periostal reaction in acute hematogenic osteomyelitis appears?
7-14 days*
2-3 weeks
1,5 months
3-4 days
The most specific radiological symptom of chronic osteomyelitis Garret.
Hyperostosis*
Osteodestruction
Sequestrum
Linear periostitis
The method of excretion urography is based upon:
natural contrasting of kidneys in water load;

9. ability of kidneys to accumulate contrast from the bloodstream, concentrate and
evacuate it;
selectively accumulate isotope in the lesion of inflammation;
ability of hydrogen nuclei act as dipoles in magnetic field.
By the Hounsfield scale:
zero density for water;
density of air is -1000, density of bone is +1000;
other tissues have intermediate рosition, in vast majority of cases their density is
from 0 to 200—300 units;
all mentioned are correct.
Radiopharmaceutical (RPH) — is:
approved for diagnostic purpose chemical, which has radionuclide;
paramagnetic;
iodine water-soluble substance;
barium suspension.
In small children main method of neurovisualisation is:
US;*
Roentgenologic examination;
CT;
MRI.
The tight filling of stomach fundus by barium suspension is possible in such
position of patient as:
Vertical
Horizontal supine or Trendelenburg position
Horizontal on stomach
Left decubitus
The most informative method for large intestine morphological changes
examination is:
Contrast enema, tight filling
Contrast enema, tight filling, examination of mucosal relief
Contrast enema, tight filling, examination of mucosal relief and double contrasting
Barium suspension per os*
The method for examination of the wall of stomach fundus is
Double contrasting*
Evaluation of peristalsis
Pneumoperitoneum
Hyperostosis is typical for what stage of hematogenic osteomyelitis?
Acute
Subacute
Chronic *

10. For all stages
Hematogenic osteomyelitis most frequently occurs in what types of bones?
Long
Short
Plain
Air-containing
What radiological symptoms are typical for the lytic type of osteoblastoclastoma?
Destruction of cortical layer
Periostal cap (leap)
Lesion of osteodestruction with homogenous structure
Lesion of osteodestruction without clear borders
Lesion of osteodestruction with honeycomb structure
Hypodense on CT scans are:
gas, liquor, swelling lesion;*
bones, fresh blood;
brain, parenchimal organs;
all mentioned.
The types of meningeal hemorrhages are:
subarachnoideal;
subdural; *
extradural;
all mentioned.
In acute phase of ulcer disease the cavity of ulcer is of such shape as:
Round
Spinous*
Irregular shape
D . Polycyclic
When all the parts of large intestine are filled by contrast agent after oral intake of
barium suspension?
After 22-24 hrs*
After 44-48 hrs
After 16-18 hrs
After 12-14 hrs
The most typical radiological symptom of abscess Brodie (bone):
Cavity with area of sclerosis
Cavity of osteodestructive lesion
Cavity with sequestrum
Area of osteosclerosis
Pyelectasis - is isolated dilatation of:
calices;

11. pelvis;
ureter;
urethra.
The standard radiological examination of children with extremity bones fractures
is:
roentgenography in direct position;
roentgenography in lateral position;
roentgenography in direct and lateral positions;*
roentgen examination with barium suspension.
For hepatitis A on US the typical symptom is:
Liver enlargement, unclear image of parenchyma
Significant swelling of gallbladder walls with contraction of its lumen
Enlarged lymph nodes in liver hilus, head of pancreas
All mentioned*
Kidney duplication is diagnosed by:
US and excretion urography;
cystography;
plan radiography;
urine analysis.
In case of benign tumours of bones, what is the condition of soft tissues?
Swelling of soft tissues
Normal thickness of soft tissues
Normal structures of soft tissues*
Thinning of tissues
The stone in kidney looks like:
Round shape with thin walls and anechoic content
Any shape with increased echogenicity
Any shape hyperechoic with acoustic shadow
any answer is possible
The main radiological method of soft tissues damage diagnostics in children is:
roentgenological;
US;*
CT;
all mentioned.
The limitations of roentgenological method:
influence of ionizing radiation on child;
poor differentiation of soft tissues without special contrasting;
all mentioned; *
the method has no limitations.
For the fracture of bone the radilogical diagnostic method is:

12. roentgenologic;
ultrasonography;
radionuclide imaging;
magnetic resonance imaging.
The sonological symptoms of thyreoiditis are:
enlargement of thyroid gland (mostly - moderate);
small-focal diffuse nongomogenous decreasing of echogenicity of thyroid gland
parenchyma;
significant gain of vascularization of thyroid gland parenchyma;
all mentioned.
The optimal method for the diagnostic of retromammary area:
Focused mammography
Ductography
CT*
MRI
The most informative method for large intestine morphological changes
examination is:
Contrast enema, tight filling
Contrast enema, tight filling, examination of mucosal relief
Contrast enema, tight filling, examination of mucosal relief and double contrasting
Barium suspension per os
The evacuation of content from stomach is impaired, when the carcinoma is
located in:
Fundus
Body
Prepyloric part*
Bulb of duodenum
The infiltrative elevation of mucosa around ulcer occurs in following phase of
disease:
Acute
Remission
Recouvery
What is necessary and adequate number of diagnostic radiological methods for the
examination of hydronephrosis and megaureter in children:
US;
US + excretion urography;
excretion urography + cystography;
US + excretion urography + cystography.
The early indirect sonological symptoms of osteomyelitis are:
unclear contours of periosteum, its swelling, swelling of soft tissues;

13. unclear contour of the cortical layer of bone, minimal paraossal fluid
accumulations;
absence of clearness of muscular fascia;
all mentioned.*
Hypodense structures on CT scans are:
gas, liquor, swelling lesion;
bone, fresh blood;
brain, parenchymatous organs;
all mentioned.
The most informative radiological method for chronic colitis diagnostics:
The evaluation of mucosal relief after emptying intestine from barium suspension
Retrograde tight filling of large intestine
Parietography of large intestine
Angiography (contrasting of superior or inferior mesenteric artery)
Contrast enema in conditions of artificial hypotonia
The stomach peristalsis at the level of cancer invasion:
normal
increased
absent
The demonstrative sonological pattern has:
Acute hepatitis А*
Hepatitis С
Hepatitis В
All types of hepatitis
Choose the earliest roentgenological symptom of acute hematogenic
osteomyelitis:
Small-focal osteodestruction
Osteosclerosis
Periostal reaction*
Changes os surrounding soft tissues
The main radiological method of bones diseases and damages in children is:
roentgenological;
US;
CT;
Radionuclide imaging.
The roentgen image of 2 month child head is indicated in:
cranio-cerebral trauma;
perinatal encephalopathy;
meningitis;
prenatal infection.

14. What additional examination must be performed in suspicion of malignization of
the cyst of breast gland?
Ductography
Focused mammography
Pneumocystography*
Mammography
LIST OF TEST TASKS FOR FINAL CONTROL of
Radiology for students of 3-rd year of medical faculty
Module II. Common questions of diagnostic radiology.
1. What is the X-ray?
A. Quantum form of energy+
B. corpuscular form of energy
C. Infrared rays
D. elastic vibrations.
2. Advantages of X –ray methods:
A. Accessibility (latitude distribution and efficiency);
B. The quickness of examination;
C. No long-term fixation of the child;
D. All of the above;+
3. Ultrasonic waves are:
A. The collision of electron flow from the anode surface;
B. Piezoelectric effect;+
C. In the spontaneous decay of nuclei;
D. Excitation of protons in a magnetic field.
4. For a CT image is used:
A. X-rays;+
B. Ultrasound ways;

15. C. Magnetic resonance;
D. Radiation obtained by spontaneous decay of nuclei.
5. Magnetic resonance imaging is based on:
A. Ability tissues resonate with the frequency of ultrasonic waves;
B. Curvature of X-rays in a magnetic field;
C. Ability nuclei of certain atoms behave as magnetic dipoles;+
D. Accelerating the spontaneous decay of some atoms in a magnetic field
6. Radionuclide (radioisotope) imaging method based on:
A. accumulation in internal organs RFP;+
B. Ability of pass or absorb ultrasonic waves;
C. Ability to pass or absorb X-rays;
D. excitation of protons in a magnetic field.
7. The most frequent pulmonary root projection on the anterior chest wall is:
A. II-IV ribs+
B. IV-VI ribs
C. I-III ribs
8. Computed Tomography most appropriate when:
A. Pathologies of the mediastinum+
B. The presence of fluid in the pleural cavity
C. Specification of the status of the bronchi
9. The method of MRI advantages are:
A. MRI harmless not connected with ionizing radiation;
B. MRI produces an image of all organs and systems of the human body - especially soft tissue structures;
C. MRI provides a study area, cuts in any plane and create three-dimensional reconstruction of the
investigated objects;
D. Typical all these benefits.+
10. Spiral computed tomography - is when:

16. A. The body of a patient is placed in a special concluding that a spiral shape;
B. Name of machine is associated with X-ray tube - it has the shape of a spiral anode;
C. The rotation detector tube system and movement of the patient within the system takes place
simultaneously and continuously, resulting x-ray beam moves through the patient's body in a spiral; +
D. design feature of the device is a spiral shape monitor.
11. What part of a heart in front projection isn’t contour on the right side?
A. The right atrium;
B. Left atrium; +
C. Superior vena cava.
12. What is the angle characteristic of normosthenic heart?
A. 30-42º
B. 42-45º
C. 45º +
D. More 30-35º
13. What are the non-invasive diagnostic methods of radiation used in the study of the cardiovascular
system:
A. X-ray
B. CT
C. RND
D. ultrasound+
14. To clarify the functional state of valvular heart most important method is
A. CT
B . Angiocardiography
C. Ultrasound+
D. Electrokimography
15. Formation of CT image based on:
A. various acoustic tissue density;
B. Selective radiopharmaceutical accumulation in tissues and organs;
C. Polipositional measuring of the attenuation of X-rays; +
D. proton density of different organs and systems.

17. 16. Magnetic resonance radiation are:
A. When braking at the time of the collision of electrons with the anode;
B. When excited hydrogen nuclei biological object in a magnetic field;+
C. Due piezoelectric effect;
D. If spontaneous decay of nuclei.
17. Radiopharmaceuticals (RFP) - is:
A. licensed chemical compound for using for diagnostic purposes with molecule of radionuclide;+
B. paramagnetic;
C. Iodinum-containing water soluble drug;
D. barium suspension.
18. The level of placing of the right part of diaphragm on the anterior projection at x-ray film during the
vertical position of the patient normally:
A. anterior part of 7-8 ribs
B. anterior part of 5-6 ribs+
C. posterior part of 5-6 ribs
19. Normally pulmonary picture is created by:
A. Bronchial artery
B. Connective tissue stroma of lungs
C. bronchi
D. Pulmonary arteries and veins+
20. Limitation of X-ray method are:
A. Effects of ionizing radiation on the child;
B. Weak differentiation of soft tissue without specific
contrast;
C. The set of these restrictions;+
D. method has no limitations.

18. 21. If the X-ray machine is off, X-rays:
A. Still available;
B. No;+
C. disappears only after 3 hours after turning off the device;
D. disappears after quartzing of the cabinet.
22. Benefits radioisotope diagnosis:
A. method evaluates organ and function;
B. Allows you to evaluate the pathological focus;
C. Allows examine not only the space, but temporary
distribution of radiopharmaceuticals in the area of interest;
D. All these advantages.+
23. Directly MRI result is obtained:
A. Three-dimensional image of the object;
B. Multislices sections of the study area;+
C. Investigated projection area on the plane;
D. Temperature scheme of the studied area.
24. Advantages of CT:
A. Allows you to visualize any internal organs of the human body;
B. With the use of contrast agents possible evaluation of blood supply to organs and angioarchitectonics;
C. Allows get three-dimensional images of inspection areas;
D. Typical all these benefits.+
25. Due to scale of Haunsfild:
A. According to the zero mark adopted by the density of water;
B. The density of air is -1000, bone density is 1000;
C. remaining tissues of the human body is intermediate in most cases their density varies from 0 to 200-
300 units;
D. Just all these provisions+

19. 26. Limitation of computed tomography in pediatric practice:
A. Requires absolutely motionless position of the patient with drug sedation or anesthesia for young
children;
B. There is the action of ionizing radiation on the child;
C. The high cost and consequently had prevalence study;
D. The combination of all these restrictions+
27. The image obtained by CT are:
A. Multislices sections of the object;+
B. projection of the object on the plane;
C. One-dimensional image in a peak bursts on center line.
D. Sweep signal amplitude over time.
28. What applies artificial contrast for:
A. To differentiate tissue have similar features to detain x-ray waves;+
B. To identify the source of inflammation;
C. For three-dimensional image of the object;
D. In all these cases.
29. The left border of the heart in front of the direct projection normally placed:
A. 1 cm medial to the mid-clavicular line+
B. At the level of mid-clavicular line
C. 1 cm laterally from mid-clavicular line
30. Opacity in radiology is:
A. The area of higher density compared to the surrounding tissues;+
B. The area of increased transparency;
C. Region absence of contrast;
D. Area with no accumulation of radiopharmaceuticals.
31. X-rays is a stream:
A. electrons;

20. B. neutrons;
C. protons;
D. photons (quanta).+
32. Interlobar horizontal slit in the right lung located at:
A. II rib
B. III. rib
C IV rib+
D. V rib
33. RPH administered to the patient:
A. Intravenous (in most cases);
B. Orally (rare);
C. By inhalation (rare);
D. all of the possible routes are administrated.+
34. The principle of the computer tomograph:
A. directed beam of ultrasonic radiation passes
through the study body;
B. Registration spontaneous decay of nuclei radiopharmaceuticals,
injected into the patient;
C. Calculation spin-spin and spin-relaxation of protons;
D. narrow beam of X-ray scans of human
body circle perpendicular to the long axis of the body.+
35. Benefits of ultrasound:
A. Non-invasive, painless;
B. The relative speed and high informative method;
C. The availability, relative cheapness of research, lack
need long fixed position of the child;
D. All of the properties.+

21. 36. The radiation used in radionuclide diagnostics, are:
A. When braking the flow of electrons in contact with the anode;
B. As a result, piezoelectric effect;
C. Excitation of hydrogen nuclei in a magnetic field;
D When spontaneous decay of nuclei.+
37. Visualization objects ultrasound depends on:
A. Ability to pass an object, absorb or reflect waves;+
B. From the physical density of the object;
C. From the proton density of the object;
D. From elasticity and elastic properties of the object.
38. The projection of the right lower lobe on the plain X-ray film:
A. From top to VII ribs
B. From posterior edge to the diaphragm IV+
C. From top to aperture
39. The main beam method of assessing lung are:
A. X-ray, CT;+
B. ultrasound;
C. MRI.
40. What is the optimal projection for the study right ventricle?
A. Straight front
B. Left anterior oblique
C. Left Side+
41. Which part of heart is a contour in direct projection of the left side in norma?
A. The ascending aorta
B. Right atrium
CLeft ventricle.+

22. D. Superior vena cava
42. The projection of medium lobe of right lung at the front plain film:
A. edge II-III
B. IV-V rib
C. IV-VI ribs+
D. IV-VII ribs
43. For the diagnosis of neoplasm in the thoracic cavity children use:
A. X-rays, CT;+
B. ultrasound;
C. All of these methods.
44. X-ray-positive preparations for artificial contrast - is:
A. Chelation gadolinium;
B. barium suspension iodinum solutions;+
C. 99mTc-DMSA (tehnemek), 99mTc-MAG-3 (tehnemah)
99mTc-DTPA (pentateh);
D. All of the drugs
45. What is the frequency dependence of ultrasound waves and their penetrating power:
A. The lower frequency waves, the lower penetration;
B. The higher frequency waves, the lower penetration;+
C. Between frequency ultrasound waves and her penetrating no correlation;
D. It all depends on the specific configuration ultrasound device.
46. Multislices computer tomography allow:
A. Get simultaneously several sections (2 to 64);+
B. simultaneously investigate multiple patients;
C. Conduct simultaneously and CT, and ultrasound;
d. Just all these provisions.

23. 47. Depending on the duration of the half-life distinguished:
A. Ultra briefly tenacious isotopes - several minutes short-lived - a few hours;
B. Medium-lived isotopes - a few days;
B. Long-lived isotopes - ten days;
D. All of the above varieties.+
48. Absolute contraindications for the ultrasound are:
A. Conduct artificial respiration;
B. patient body temperature above 39 ° C;
C. Blood pressure below 70/40, creatinine level above
280 mmol / L;
D No absolute contraindications.+
49. Main applications CT:
A. Pathology of the central nervous system and spinal cord;
B. Maxillofacial Surgery;
C. Orthopedics, cardiac surgery, abdominal surgery and urology -
rarely;
D. CT is used in all these areas.+
50. Limitation of MRI are:
A. The high cost and consequently had prevalence study;
B. The need for long-term fixation of the Child (medication sedation
young children);
B. The presence of metallic foreign bodies in the body of the patient: drivers
heart rate, metal clips after surgery, etc .;
D. All these restrictions.+
51. "Hot" foci or nodes are called:
A. From a local rise in temperature of not less than 2 °;
B. Since excessive accumulation of RPH;+
C. With increasing echogenicity;

24. D. Hyperdense foci or nodes.
52. In functional tests of Holtskneht-Jacobson observed:
A. The middle shade shifts towards the bronchoconstriction+
C. The middle shade shifts towards in the healthy side
D. Mediastinum no changes
53. X-rays are:
A. braking electrons in contact with the anode;+
B. By excitation of hydrogen nuclei in the investigated object
magnetic field;
C. As a result, piezoelectric effect;
D. If spontaneous decay of nuclei.
54. The projection of upper lobe of right lung at the plain anterior x-ray film on the line:
A. I-III ribs
B. II-V rib
C. III-IV ribs
D. From top to anterior ribs IV+
55. What is the optimal projection for examination of the right atrium?
A. Straight front+
B. Right anterior oblique
C. Left anterior oblique
D. Left Side
56. During the MRI patient:
A. Do not exposed to ionizing radiation;+
B. exposed to ionizing radiation in all cases;
C. exposed to ionizing radiation only if the
contrasting methods;
D. exposed to ionizing radiation only at

25. highfields magnets.
57. Limitation of ultrasound:
A. It is impossible to visualize an object, covered bone;
B. It is impossible to render an object covered with a layer of gas;
C. It is difficult to visualize an object, covered with a thick layer of fat;
D. Typical all of these restrictions.+
58. Ultrasonic vibrations have the ability to:
A. Call the phosphors glow;
B. bounce off the border of two environments;
C. Call the biological effect on the human body.+
59. γ- rays belong to:
A. corpuscular fluctuations;
B. Quantum fluctuations;+
C. elastic vibrations
60. Determination of tumor markers belongs to:
A. radionuclide diagnostics in vitro;+
B. Spiral computed tomography;
C. Magnetic resonance imaging.
61. X-rays belongs to:
A. elastic vibrations;
B. corpuscular electromagnetic oscillations;
C. electromagnetic photon (quantum) fluctuations.+
62. X-ray film covered:
A. colloidal silver emulsion;+
B. barium sulfate suspension;
C. labeled with radionuclides.

26. 63 Using ultrasound examined:
A. pulmonary parenchyma;+
B. Pleural sinuses;
C. The roots of the lungs.
64. What determines the thickness of the tomographic layer?
A. the angle tomography;
B Step of tomography;
C. The depths of cut.+
65. What is the notional boundary between the anterior and posterior mediastinum?
A. The rear wall of the trachea;+
B. Contrasted esophagus;
C. ascending aorta.
66. Symptom Holtsknehta-Jacobson is:
A. The shift of mediastinum toward l pathology at forced insufficiently;+
B. The shift of the mediastinum to the healthy side when coughing;
C. mediastinum is not displaced during forced breathing.
67. Which of the statements on x-ray is true?
A. Electronic radiation;
B. Electromagnetic radiation.+
68. What is the dependence of the dose of ionizing of the distance ?
A. inversely proportional to the square of the distance;+
B. directly proportional to the square of the distance.
69 Depending on the density of the objects are radiographically distinguished such

27. degrees of density of environment:
A. metal;
B. Bone;
C. soft tissue;
D. Air;
E. All of these.+
70. The basis of the analysis of X-ray shadow image (number, size, shape,
intensity, structure contours) lying rating:
A. Skialogical properties of shadows;
B. Morphological features;+
C. functional changes.
71. Resolution X-ray image depends on:
A. The optical focus x-ray tube;+
B. Projections;
C. Intensity shadow;
D. Forms object.
72. Filtering of X-ray beam used mainly for:
A. Reducing radiation exposure to the patient;
B. Improved image contrast;
C. Obtaining the central beam;+
D. Protection X-ray tube overload.
73. Select the main disadventure of X-ray fluoroscopy compared with fluorography :
A. Low resolution;+
B. Failure image archiving investigated organ
C. The study functional state.
74. The main advantage of X-ray fluoroscopy compared with fluorography :

28. A. Less radiation exposure;+
B. Low resolution.
75. Select the benefits of X-ray fluoroscopy:
A . Study of functional state;+
B. Low resolution;
C. Lack of objective documentation of state authority.
76. The method of radiation research based on measuring the degree of weakening of the narrow beam at
the output of thin layer object, called:
A. Computed tomography;+
B. Telerentgenography;
C. Functional radiography.
77. What are the main advantages of CT over other methods of radiation diagnosis?
A. High degree of tissue contrast compared with X-ray;
B. rapid image;
C. All listed.+
78. Method X-ray of blood vessels, which are filled with contrast material, is called:
A. Angiography;+
B. fluorography;
C. Tomography;
D. urography.
79. Method X-ray, which gives photographic image from fluorescentic screen on film or digital low dose
receivers called:
A. fluorography;+
B. Radiography;
C. Tomography;
D. Computed tomography.
80. By contrast agents with high atomic weight include:
A. barium sulphate;

29. B. The air;+
C. Oxygen;
D. Nitrous oxide.
81. When applying pneumoperitoneum in abdominal cavity introduced:
A. The air;+
B. Barium sulfate;
C. omnipak;
D. Ultravist.
82. Doppler is used to:
A. The study forms, paths, determining the diameter of blood vessels, traffic
blood vessels;
B. Determining the size, area, perimeter, contours, volume
studied organs and abnormal tissue
C. Determination of diffuse parenchymal organ sealing, echogenic
foci, and cavities of liquid or air.+
83. In ultrasonography diagnostic devices are used, the frequency of which is:
A. Less than 1 MHz;
B. 1-20 MHz;+
C. More than 20 MHz.
84. Sonography can diagnose:
A. Diffuse parenchymal organ sealing, hyperdensity in focus
and cavity with fluid or air;
B. The velocity of the object being studied in direction,
parallel to the ultrasound signal;+
C. Defeat various vessels with a simultaneous evaluation of blood flow in them.
85. Plain radiography of chest cavity in direct projection the shadow of ribs are :
A. Not determined;

30. B upper shadow of7 pairs of ribs are visible;+
C. displays shade lower seven pairs of ribs.
86. The two-dimensional echocardiography allows the study:
A. Anatomical features;
B. Functional changes of heart;
C. myocardial contractile force;
D. pericardial pathology;
E. All of the above .+
87 Which of these methods allows ultrasound to visualize the direction and speed of blood flow to the
heart?
A. Dopplerography;+.
B. two-dimensional echocardiography;
C. Three-dimensional echocardiography;
D. All of the above.
88 Magnetic resonance imaging in the study of the heart allows the study:
A. morphology of the walls of the heart;
B. The function of valves and heart muscle contraction;
C. myocardial perfusion;
D. All of the above .+
89 Contrast X-rays of the coronary arteries to detect the degree of narrowing of the arteries, assessment of
collateral circulation entitled:
A. coronary angiography;+
B. aortography;
C. ventriculography;
D. Pulmonography.
90. Percentages of transverse size of the heart to the size of the cross-chest at the level right part of
diaphragm called:
A. Cross the size of the heart;

31. B. Cardiopulmonary coefficient;+
C. Height of heart.
91 Heart shape defined by:
A. The level of severity of contour arcs in direct projection;+
B. Axis angle of the heart;
C. Transverse dimensions of the heart;
D. Cardiopulmonary coefficient.
92 Which of the following methods radiology can be used to study pathology of musculoskeletal system?
A. radiographic methods;
B. ultrasound;
C. CT;
D. MRI;
E. all listed.+
93 The indication for use of RND for study of the skeleton are:
A. determining the activity of inflammation skeleton;
B. detection of metastases;
C. detection of malignant tumors;
D. all of the above.+
94 The growth of long bones is provided:
A. metaepiphizal cartilage;
B. diaphysis;+
C. epiphysis;
D. apophysis.
95 In the long tubular bones distinguished:
A. epiphysis;
B. diaphysis;
C. metaphyses;

32. D. apophysis;
E. All of these elements.+
96 The biggest thickness of compact substance of long bones is:
A. in the middle third of the diaphysis;+
B in the proximal third of diaphysis;
C. in the distal third of the diaphysis;
D. compact layer thickness is uniform.
97 Connections bones can be:
A. movable;
B. sedentary;
C. motionless;
D. All of above. +
98 What are the different types of fixed joints bones?
A. connective tissue;
B. cartilage;
C. Bone;
D. All of above . +
99 The search for metastases in the skeleton should begin with the method:
A. MRI;
B. X-ray;
C. ultrasound;
D. radionuclide (SPECT).+
100 What method of detection of metastases in the skeleton is the most sensitive:
A. densitometry;
B. X-ray;
C. radionuclide method;+
D. MRI.

33. 101. Introduction of contrast medium in the liver bile ducts during surgery is called:
A. transcutaneous transhepatic cholangiography;
B. endoscopic retrograde cholangiography;+
C. intraoperative cholangiography;
D. All variants.
102. In oral administration of hepatotropic contrast largest concentration of substances in
the gallbladder comes nearly after:
A. 15 hours after administration of contrast;
B. 5:00 after administration of contrast;
C. 24 hours after administration of contrast;+
D. All variants.
103. Dynamic hepato scintigraphy used for:
A. visualization of the liver;
B. assessment of organ function;
C. study hepatic circulation;
D. All variants.+
104. Opportunity ultrasound as the primary imaging method kidneys are:
A. evaluation kidneys localisation, their displacement during respiration, size;
B. provide information about kidney function;
С. qualitative visualization ureters;
D. All variants.+
105. Method X-ray using of intravenous injection radiographic contrast medium to give a
series of X-ray images called:
A. excretory urography;+
B. Doppler;
С. radiorenography;
D. All variants.
106. Indications for excretory urography is:
A. The diagnosis of stenoses, occlusions, renal vascular thrombosis;+
B. choice "bloodless" zone with invasive interventions;
C. assessment of renal excretory function;
D. All above variants.
107.Radiographic research of bladder after intravenous administration of contrast material
called:
A. descending cystography;+
B. ascending cystography;
C. miction cystography;
D. All above variants.

34. 108.Direct administration of a contrast agent in pyelocaliceal system kidneys and ureters
called:
A. excretory urography;
B. ascending pyelography;+
C. survey urography;
D. All variants.
109. Patients at high risk of allergy to iodine containing contrast administration is
contraindicated to:
A. scintigraphy;
B. excretory urography;+
C. radiorenography;
D. All variants.
110. Visualization of contrasted passage of urine through the lower urinary tract during urination
is called:
A. miktsion cystography;+
B. ascending cystography;
C. descending cystography;
D. All variants.
111. Retrograde administration of contrast medium into the urethra - is:
A. retrograde urethrography ;+
B. excretory urography;
C. survey urography;
D. All above variants.
112. Radionuclide methods for assessing renal function:
A. renography;
B. Nephroscintigraphy
C. Renal scintigraphy;+
D. all of the above.
113. Indication to radiorenography are:
A. diagnostics violations secretory-ekscretory processes each kidney separately;

35. B. assessment of the level of vascularization volume lesions of the urinary system;
C. Diagnostic violations secretory processes each kidney separately;
D. All above variants.+
114. When ultrasound of unchanged kidney;
A. parenchyma with a clear differentiation in cortical and medullary layers;
B. parenchyma with fuzzy differentiation in cortical and medullary layers;+
C. cortical layers and medular are not differentiated;
D. All above variants.
115. Excretory urography perform in order to:
A. assess the degree of vascularization volume lesions of the urinary system;
B. assessment of urinary tract throughout, including the ureters and bladder;+
C. choice "bloodless" zone with invasive interventions;
D. All above variants.
116. One of the indications for the miktion cystography are:
A. blader-ureteric reflux;+
B. Recognition concretions that are not detected with ultrasound, especially in the ureters;
C. assessment of the level of vascularization volume lesions of the urinary system;
D. All above variants.
117. control process of bladder emptying and urination carried out using methods:
A. descending cystography;
B. ascending cystography;
C. miktion cystography;+

36. D. All above variants.
118. Setting causes of low obstruction (stricture of the urethra, urethral valves) is possible
when using:
A. retrograde urethrocystography;+
B. Doppler;
C. ultrasound;
D. All above variants.
119. Renal artery stenosis is an indication for the:
A. radiorenography;
B. ascending urethrocystography;
C. angiography vascular system of the kidney;+
D. All above variants.
120. One of the indications for renal scintigraphy are:
A. Recognition concretions that are not detected with ultrasound, especially in the ureters;
B. suspected focal process in the kidney;
C. assessment of the extent of vascularization volume lesions of the urinary system;
D. All variants.+
121. To study vascular brain lesions is used:
A. myelography;+
B. angiography;
C. aortography;
D. All variants.
122. Radionuclide myelography is used to:
A. The definition of cross subarachnoid space;
B. scintigraphy brain tumors;+
C. volumetric studies of cerebral blood flow;
D. all said.
123. For PET of brain are used:
A. 99mTs-pertechnetate;
B. 133He;
C. positron radiopharmaceutical;
D. all indicated.+
124. What part of long bones ossyfi in utero?
A. diaphysis;
B. epifisis;
C. apophysis;+
D. metaphysis.
125. Main method of beam diagnostics metallic foreign bodies are:
A. X-ray;

37. B. ultrasound;
C. CT;
D. all of these methods.+
126. X-ray negative artificial means of contrast - is:
A. air;+
B. gadolinium chelates;
C. barium suspension, iodine-containing solutions;
D. 99mTc-DMSA (tehnemek) 99mTc-MAG-3 (tehnemah) 99mTc-DTPA (pentateh).
127. Multilayered computer tomography allow:
A. simultaneously receive several sections (2 to 64);+
B. simultaneously investigate multiple patients;
C. conduct simultaneously CT, and ultrasound;
D. All of above.
128. Main indications for ultrasound of the liver:
A. Pain in the upper abdomen; hepato (spleno) megaly;
B. jaundice syndrome; the nature of the violation of a chair; vomiting, nausea;
C. Skin rash;
D. All of the above.+
129. Indications to cystography:
A. Suspicion of doubling kidney;
B. Suspected kidney hydronephrosis transformation;
C. Suspected blader -ureteric reflux;+
D. Suspected kidney cyst.
130. For the diagnosis of vascular renal disorders after injury in children should be used:
A. excretory urography;
B. angiography;+
C. miktion cystography;
D. ultrasound Doppler assessment of blood flow.

38. 131. X-ray positive artificial contrast - is:
A. gadolinium chelates;
B. barium suspension and iodinum solutions;+
C. 99mTc-DMSA (tehnemek) 99mTc-MAG-3 (tehnemah) 99mTc-DTPA (pentateh);
D. all of the drugs.
132. Indications for excretory urography:
A. The presence or suspected obstructive uropathy;
B. Traumatic kidney damage;
C. Anomalies number, position and localizationof kidney or suspicion of this pathology;
D. All listed.+
133 What component of bone determines the intensity of the X-ray image?
A. Bone mineral;+
B. Water;
C. Organic substances bone;
D. Bone marrow.
134. Main method of research esophagus and stomach is:
A. Ultrasound;
B. X-ray
C. CT;+
D. radioisotope.
135. Contraindications to excretory urography:
A. Age child less than 2 weeks;
B. The systolic blood pressure below 70 mmHg;
C. Renal failure and allergic reactions to contrast agents;
D. All listed.+
136. Ultrasound can be visualized:
A. gaps subcutaneous tissue; hematoma, muscle ruptures;
B. massive tendon damage;
C. damage components m'yahkotkanynnyh joints;
D. all of the options injuries.+
137. Pnevmoirrygography based on:
A. artificial contrast colon air;+
B. natural contrasting intestinal air;
C. colon contrast barium suspension;
D. possibility of any of these options.
138. Indications for CT and MRI scans at an early age is:
A. Volumetric brain lesions (tumors), anomalies of the brain;
B. occlusive hydrocephalus; severe neurotrauma;
C. lack of reliable data on ongoing neurosonography or differences neurosonography data

39. from clinical signs of disease;
D. all lysted.+
139.Cartilage fragments of bone with ultrasound:
A. determined reliably;
B displays;
C. shielded subcutaneous tissue;+
D. is not differentiated from the diaphysis.
140. When conducting CT contrast agents can be used:
A. Liquid natural environment of the organism;
B. X-soluble iodine contrast agents;
C. barium suspension;+
D. gadolinium chelates.
141. Gastric peristalsis normally begins:
A. Sub cardial part;
B. The average one-third of the stomach body;+
C. sinus;
D. Prepyloric.
142. Most informative radiologycal method for assessing motoric-evacuational function of the
colon:
A. Oral injection colon barium suspension;
B. retrograde contrast by barium suspension;
C. irrigoskophy in conditions of artificial hypotension;
D. All above variants.
143. Radiologically calculus in the kidney on plain radiography:
A. Never seen;
B. We see only radiographic+
C. Visible in all cases;
D. visible only when filling the bladder.
144. Why apply artificial contrast:
A. to differentiate tissue have similar powers to detain x-ray waves;+
B. to identify the source of inflammation;
C. to obtain a 3-dimensional image of the object;
D. in all these cases
145. Radioisotope diagnostic advantages:
A. method allows to evaluate organ function;

40. B. to evaluate pathological foci of the organ functioning;
C. allows us to study not only spatial but also temporal distribution of radiopharmaceuticals in the
area of interest;
D. all of the benefits.+
146. E xcretory urography method is based on:
A. Contrast kidneys in natural water loading;
B. the ability of the kidneys to absorb blood entered her contrast agent, concentrate and
devote it;+
C. selective accumulation of the isotope in the inflammation;
D. the ability of hydrogen nuclei behave as magnetic dipoles.
147. In Haunsfild scale:
A. adopted a zero mark for the density of water;
B. the density of air is -1000, bone density is 1000;
C. the remaining tissues of the human body is intermediate in most cases their density
varies from 0 to 200-300 units;
D. just all of the provisions.+
148. Radiopharmaceuticals (RFP) - is:
A. allowed to use for diagnostic purposes chemical compound whose molecule contains
radionuclides;+
B. paramagnetic;
C. Iodine-containing water-soluble drug;
D. barium suspension.
149. Tight vaults stomach fullness with barium possible in the patient position:
A. Vertical;+
B.Horizontally on his back;
C. Horizontal on the stomach;
D. On the left side.
150. To identify morphological changes of the colon most informative:
A. Irrigoskophy tight filling;
B. Irrigoskophy tight filling mucosal relief studies;
C. Irrigoskophy tight filling investigation relief mucosa and double contrast;+
D. transoral studies colon barium suspension.
151. To determine of the wall of stomach vaults conduct:
A. Double contrast;
B. Study peristalsis;+
C. Pneumoretroperytoneum;
D. All above variants.

41. 152. Time for oral barium contrasting all normal colon?
A. After 22-24 hours;+
B. After 44-48 hours;
C. After 16-18 hours;
D. After 12-14 hours.
153. The main method of radiation diagnosis of soft tissue injuries in children are:
A. x-ray;
B. ultrasound;+
C. CT;
D. all of these methods.
154.Pneumoirrigography based on:
A. Artificial contrasting of the colon with air;+
B. natural air contrasting of bowel ;
C. colon contrast barium suspension;
D. All above variants.
155. The brain in infants with ultrasound to visualize:
A. You can not, because the brain skull bones covered;
B. You can not, because ultrasound to 1 year not carried out;+
C. It can be seen therefore that there fontanel;
D. Can only at the head circumference to 42 cm.
156. Which frequency ultrasound is used to study parenchymal abdominal organs?
A. to 1,5 Mhz;
B.3,5 - up to 5,0 Mhz;
C. 10,0 - 15,0 Mhz ;+
D. All above variants.
157. What frequency ultrasound should be used to study the surface located organs and
tissues?
A. 7,5 -10 Mhz;+
B. to 1,5 Mhz;
C. 2,0-3,0 Mhz;
D. All above variants
158. What type of mode used in ultrasonic devices operating in real time, to survey
parenchymal abdominal organs?
A. A;+
B. B;
C. M;
D. All above variants.
159. What is the tipe of picture when apparate work in real time?
A. The two-dimensional image and stable;
B. dynamic two-dimensional image;
C. static dimensional image ;+
D. All above variants..

42. 160. In which part of the device is an ultrasonic piezoelectric transducer?
A. sensor;+
B. The monitor;
C. storage cathode-ray tube;
D. All above variants.
161. Doppler effect - is:
A. Changing the frequency of oscillation, wave motion at their source and the observer
relative to each other;+
B. increasing radiation intensity in continuous echolocation moving objects;
C. changes in the amplitude and period of oscillations in echolocation fixed objects;
D. All above variants.
162. Doppler method is used for:
A. Study of static objects;
B. defined shape, contours and structure of parenchymal organs;
C. to identify areas of thrombosis or compression of blood vessels;
D. All above variants+
163. What determines the thickness of the layer released by a linear tomography
A. the voltage generating X-rays;
B. change the speed of the rod;
C. given motion angle X-ray;
D. All above variants.+
164. Energy (stiffness) radiation emitted by the X-ray tube depends on:
A. The values of voltage;+
B. Cooling system of tubes;
C. Material of anode;
D. Amperage.
165. Lamp of X-ray tube filled with:
A .vacuum;
B.heliyem;+
C. hydrogen;
D. air.
166. Contraindications to MRI studies:
A. epilepsy;
B. presence of pacemaker patients;
C. pregnancy;
D. presense in the patient's body metallic foreign bodies;
E.And all the above listed.+
167. What telerentgenography offers:
A. The use of X-ray TV;
B. Use image intensifier;
C. to obtain images of real objects examined sizes;
D. All above variants.+
168. The source of electrons in the X-rays tube is:
A. anode rotating;
B. cathode;

43. C. Rotor;
D. All above variants.+
169. The percentage of energy of electrons which bump in Anode and converted into X-
rays is:
A.5%;
B. 50%;
C. 1%;
D. 98%.
170. In which organ (tissue) is the least absorption of X-rays:
A. hollow bodies;
B. muscle;
C. liver;
D. fat;
E. bone.+
171. Preparation of the patient to X-ray of the stomach:
A. special training is required;
B. empty stomach;+
C. enema night and morning;
D. All above variants.
172. When a radionuclides inside the body:
A. not accumulate in tissues and organs;
B. metabolic go the same way as their non-radioactive analogues;+
C. admire lymphocytes;
D. quickly removed.
173. Indicate which of these factors related to the decay rate of a radioactive drug:
A. The partial pressure;
B ambient temperature;
C. weight drug;
D. volume of drug;
E. half-life.+
174. Which factors may change period of decay:
A. heating to high temperatures;
B. nothing;
C. You can not change;
D. holding at low pressure;
E. shutter at high pressure.
175. What are the standard projection radiography at heart:
A. straight front, rear, side;
B. straight front and any side;
C. straight front, first and second oblique, side;+
D. direct front and left side.
176 . Direct image magnification achieved:
A. decrease the distance object-film;
B. increasing distance object-film;

44. C. increasing distance film focus;
D. decreasing distance film focus.
177. Indicate modes of ultrasound machine:
A . M;
B. A;
C. B;
D. All variants.+
178. From which the electrical parameter depends penetration of X-rays:
A. does not depend on electrical parameters;
B. exposure;
C.The voltage V;+
D. exposure time;
E. amperage.
179. What process is accompanied by X-ray interactions with matter:
A. formation of secondary radiation;
B. absorption and scattering;
C. accumulation;
D. reflection.+
180. The highest radiation exposure gives:
A. fluoroscopy;
B. radiography;+
C. fluorography;
D. all variantsю.
181. The optimal position for the patient during the review study of chest X-rays:
A. Vertical;
B. Horizontal;
C. lateral position;
D. all variantsю.+
182. lateral position helps to clarify:
A. The presence of fluid in the pleural cavity;
B. localization of the pathological process in pulmonary lobes;
C. The presence of broncho-pleural fistula;
D. All above variants+.
183. On plain film in a direct projection upper edge interparticle oblique fissure of the
right lung are:
A. I thoracic vertebra;
B. II thoracic vertebra;
C. thoracic vertebra V- VI;+
D. III - IV thoracic vertebra.
184. The lower bound interparticle oblique fissure of the right lung are:
A. anterior vertebral;
B. anterior vertebra V;
C. anterior vertebral VI;+
D. anterior vertebral VII.

45. 185. Horizontal interparticle fissure is located at:
A. II ribs;
B. III ribs;
C. IV ribs;+
D. V ribs.
186. Normally on plain film pulmonary parietal pleura:
A. not traced;
B. observed at the posterior- lateral parts I-II ribs;
C. traced from the tops of light to the diaphragm;
D. All above variants.
187. At the which level of the thoracic vertebrae in adults normally seen tracheal
bifurcation:
A. I- II ;
B. III-IV ;
C. V- VI;+
D. VII- VIII.
188. What additional lobes is not found in the right lung:
A. unpaired veins lobe;
B. heart;
C. back;
D. lingular.+
189. Pulmonary veins are normally goes to:
A. left atrium;+
B. superior vena cava;
C. inferior vena cava;
D. unpaired vein.
190. Roots lung X-ray image created mostly normal:
A. pulmonary arteries and veins;+
B . after passing barium suspension;
C. interstitial tissue;
D. bronchi.
191. The maximum width of the esophagus when tight filling barium suspension:
A 2 cm;+
B. 3 cm;
C. 4 cm;
D. All above variants.
192. For the best detection folds the esophageal mucosa examine:
A. in conditions of tight filling of the esophagus with barium suspension;
B . after passing barium suspension;+
C. using relaxants;
D. parietography.
193. In some parts of the long bones has the largest osteoblastic activity?
A. epiphysis;

46. B. metaphysis;
C. diaphysis;+
D. apophysis.
194 What part of long bone ossify in utero:
А. diaphysis;
B. epiphysis;
C. apophysis;+
D. All above variants.