• A pump is the heart of the hydraulic system, convert mechanical energy into hydraulic energy.
• Main purpose of the pump is to create the flow of oil through the system & thus assist transfer of power & motion.
• The combined pumping and driving motor unit is known as hydraulic pump.
• The hydraulic pump takes hydraulic fluid (mostly some oil) from the storage tank and delivers it to the rest of the hydraulic circuit.
• In general, the speed of pump is constant and the pump delivers an equal volume of oil in each revolution.
Roth regenerative turbine chemical duty pumps provide continuous, high pressure pumping of non-lubricating and corrosive liquids. These regenerative turbine pumps are provided with one piece, machined self-centering impellers for operation with a wide variety of chemicals .
• A pump is the heart of the hydraulic system, convert mechanical energy into hydraulic energy.
• Main purpose of the pump is to create the flow of oil through the system & thus assist transfer of power & motion.
• The combined pumping and driving motor unit is known as hydraulic pump.
• The hydraulic pump takes hydraulic fluid (mostly some oil) from the storage tank and delivers it to the rest of the hydraulic circuit.
• In general, the speed of pump is constant and the pump delivers an equal volume of oil in each revolution.
Roth regenerative turbine chemical duty pumps provide continuous, high pressure pumping of non-lubricating and corrosive liquids. These regenerative turbine pumps are provided with one piece, machined self-centering impellers for operation with a wide variety of chemicals .
Pressure Reducing Valve or simply PRV is a type of valve which is used to reduce the downstream pressure to the desired level in any piping system. It is generally used where the main line carries the fluid at very high pressure and it is advisable to reduce the pressure in the branch line to save the appliances from getting damaged due to the impact of high pressure. Not only the pressure, it also helps in reducing the water wastages, noise and vibration, water hammering effect thus minimizing the maintenance cost and maximizing the life of the appliances like pipe fittings, taps, water heater etc
what are pumps what are its types how do we waste water &to save it.
have a video about this ppt which is in last before slide if you need that video just notify me in comments
Pressure Reducing Valve or simply PRV is a type of valve which is used to reduce the downstream pressure to the desired level in any piping system. It is generally used where the main line carries the fluid at very high pressure and it is advisable to reduce the pressure in the branch line to save the appliances from getting damaged due to the impact of high pressure. Not only the pressure, it also helps in reducing the water wastages, noise and vibration, water hammering effect thus minimizing the maintenance cost and maximizing the life of the appliances like pipe fittings, taps, water heater etc
what are pumps what are its types how do we waste water &to save it.
have a video about this ppt which is in last before slide if you need that video just notify me in comments
Gas Turbine Theory - Principle of Operation and ConstructionSahyog Shishodia
This presentation tells all about basic principle behind Gas Turbine, their working, operation and construction. How they came into existence and where are they used.
It is a system where liquid under pressure is used to transmit this energy. Hydraulics systems take engine power and converts it to hydraulic power by means of a hydraulic pump. This power can be distributed throughout the airplane by means of tubing that runs through the aircraft. Hydraulic power may be reconverted to mechanical power by means of an actuating cylinder, or turbine.
Hydraulic Pumps, Motors and Actuators:
Construction, working principle and operation of rotary & reciprocating pumps like Gear, Vane, Generated-Rotor, Screw, Axial Piston, Radial Piston, Pump characteristics, Linear and Rotary Actuators, Hydrostatic Transmission Systems. Selection of components for applications
The working of the reciprocating pump is very simple and just like an I.C engine. First of all the piston has the function of providing the suction force, so that the liquid can be lift up or can be sucked in with great force. After that comes the compression part which will impart the required pressure energy to the fluids. In this part of the phase the piston have to do a great work so that the liquid can be compressed properly and its pressure can increased to the desired level. The inlet and the outlet valve open at a certain pressure which is set by the manufacturer.If the piston is of single acting type which means it can suck from one side and transmit to the same side only. But we can have the double reciprocating pump too which have the function of the giving suction and discharge simultaneously in each stroke. This pump can be used as the compressor also but for that we have to have a good valve arrangement which can operate with good frequency.Note: It is to be noted that the reciprocating pump is a positive displacements pump which means that the fluid can only move in one direction and can never reverse back. So due to this the pump is always started with outlet valve open otherwise the pressure will keep on building and this will lead to rupturing of the pipeline or even the pump itself. But if relief valve is fitted then this pressure will come down.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
2. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
Hydraulics is based on the fact thatHydraulics is based on the fact that
liquids are incompressibleliquids are incompressible
Hydraulic system is a system whereHydraulic system is a system where
liquid under pressure is used toliquid under pressure is used to
transmit energytransmit energy
In it a hydraulic pump convertsIn it a hydraulic pump converts
mechanical power to hydraulic powermechanical power to hydraulic power
An actuating cylinder convertsAn actuating cylinder converts
hydraulic power to mechanicalhydraulic power to mechanical
power.power.
4. DEVICES USING HYDRAULICDEVICES USING HYDRAULIC
SYSTEMS IN AIRCRAFTSSYSTEMS IN AIRCRAFTS
Gun turretsGun turrets
Auto pilotAuto pilot
Shock absorption systemsShock absorption systems
Dive, landing, speed and flap brakesDive, landing, speed and flap brakes
Bomb bay doorsBomb bay doors
Doors and hatchwaysDoors and hatchways
Landing gears, wing flaps, etc…Landing gears, wing flaps, etc…
5. PRINCIPLES OF OPERATIONPRINCIPLES OF OPERATION
Governed by Pascal’s lawGoverned by Pascal’s law
The oil is in contact withThe oil is in contact with
both sides of the pistonboth sides of the piston
head but at differenthead but at different
pressures. High pressurepressures. High pressure
oil may be pumped intooil may be pumped into
either side of the pistoneither side of the piston
head.head.
The selector valveThe selector valve
determines to which sidedetermines to which side
of the actuating cylinderof the actuating cylinder
the high pressure oil (redthe high pressure oil (red
colored side) is sent.colored side) is sent.
6. PARTS OF THE POWER SYSTEMPARTS OF THE POWER SYSTEM
RESERVOIRRESERVOIR
ACCUMULATORACCUMULATOR
FILTERFILTER
POWER PUMPPOWER PUMP
SYSTEM RELIEF VALVESYSTEM RELIEF VALVE
PRESSURE REGULATORPRESSURE REGULATOR
8. RESERVOIRRESERVOIR
FUNCTIONSFUNCTIONS
Holds reserve supply oil to account forHolds reserve supply oil to account for
normal leakage, emergency supply of oil,normal leakage, emergency supply of oil,
volume changes, thermal contraction ofvolume changes, thermal contraction of
oil,oil,
Provides pressure head on the pump, aProvides pressure head on the pump, a
place to remove air or foam from liquid,place to remove air or foam from liquid,
air space for expansion of the oil due toair space for expansion of the oil due to
temperature changestemperature changes
etcetc
9. RESERVOIRRESERVOIR
CONSTRUCTIONCONSTRUCTION
Material: 5052 aluminiumMaterial: 5052 aluminium
Size: takes into account all oilSize: takes into account all oil
volumes in operationalvolumes in operational
requirements, thermal expansion,requirements, thermal expansion,
leakage, etc.leakage, etc.
Shape: domed cylindrical shape,Shape: domed cylindrical shape,
due to ease of construction &due to ease of construction &
mountingmounting
10. ACCUMULATORSACCUMULATORS
PRINCIPLEPRINCIPLE
Gas valve lets inGas valve lets in
compressed gas at ½compressed gas at ½
system pressuresystem pressure
Diaphragm pops up &Diaphragm pops up &
oil is sent throughoil is sent through
systemsystem
When systemWhen system
pressure>accumulatorpressure>accumulator
pressure, diaphragmpressure, diaphragm
deploysdeploys
11. ACCUMULATORSACCUMULATORS
USESUSES
Absorbs the shocks due to rapid pressureAbsorbs the shocks due to rapid pressure
variations in a hydraulic systemvariations in a hydraulic system
Helps maintain a constant pressure withinHelps maintain a constant pressure within
the hydraulic systemthe hydraulic system
Helps the hydraulic pump under peakHelps the hydraulic pump under peak
pressure loadspressure loads
It is an emergency source of powerIt is an emergency source of power
Spherical shape is preferred forSpherical shape is preferred for
accumulatorsaccumulators
12. POWER PUMPSPOWER PUMPS
FUNCTIONFUNCTION
Is to change mechanical horsepower toIs to change mechanical horsepower to
hydraulic horsepowerhydraulic horsepower
TYPESTYPES
Gear pumps: move fluid based upon theGear pumps: move fluid based upon the
number of gear teeth and the volumenumber of gear teeth and the volume
spacing between gear teeth.spacing between gear teeth.
Piston pumps: move fluid by pushing itPiston pumps: move fluid by pushing it
through the motion of the pistons withinthrough the motion of the pistons within
the pumpthe pump
13. POWER PUMPSPOWER PUMPS
PRINCIPLES OF GEARPRINCIPLES OF GEAR
PUMPSPUMPS
The liquid from theThe liquid from the
reservoir is pushedreservoir is pushed
between the gearbetween the gear
teeth.teeth.
The oil is movedThe oil is moved
around to the otheraround to the other
side by the action ofside by the action of
the drive gear itselfthe drive gear itself
and sent through theand sent through the
pressure line.pressure line.
14. POWER PUMPSPOWER PUMPS
PRINCIPLES OFPRINCIPLES OF
RECIPROCATINGRECIPROCATING
PISTON PUMPPISTON PUMP
As the cylinder blockAs the cylinder block
rotates, spacerotates, space
between the block andbetween the block and
the pistons increase,the pistons increase,
letting in more oil.letting in more oil.
As the block rotatesAs the block rotates
from bottom deadfrom bottom dead
center, the reversecenter, the reverse
occurs and the pistonsoccurs and the pistons
push oil out throughpush oil out through
the outletthe outlet
15. SYSTEM RELIEF VALVESYSTEM RELIEF VALVE
PRINCIPLEPRINCIPLE
The adjustmentThe adjustment
screw is set for ascrew is set for a
certain pressurecertain pressure
value P2.value P2.
When the pressureWhen the pressure
increases, theincreases, the
poppet will movepoppet will move
up, forcing theup, forcing the
excess liquid inexcess liquid in
16. Douglass Pressure RegulatorDouglass Pressure Regulator
high pressure oil fromhigh pressure oil from
the power pumpthe power pump
opens valve C andopens valve C and
also act on piston Aalso act on piston A
piston A pushes Ball Bpiston A pushes Ball B
off seat D, the oil goesoff seat D, the oil goes
through passage Dthrough passage D
into the centerinto the center
chamber back to thechamber back to the
reservoir.reservoir.
18. Selector ValvesSelector Valves
Position (1) is the position of the selector valve,Position (1) is the position of the selector valve,
for example, upon the extension of the landingfor example, upon the extension of the landing
gear or the lowering of flaps.gear or the lowering of flaps.
Position (2) is the position of the selector valvePosition (2) is the position of the selector valve
upon retraction of the landing gear or the raisingupon retraction of the landing gear or the raising
of the flapsof the flaps
19. FLOW EQUALISERFLOW EQUALISER
If wing air loads on oneIf wing air loads on one
wing are greater than onwing are greater than on
other, during wing sweepother, during wing sweep
back or sweep forward,back or sweep forward,
motion occurs unevenly.motion occurs unevenly.
To synchronize wing sweepTo synchronize wing sweep
back or sweep forward flowback or sweep forward flow
equaliser usedequaliser used
flow equalizer is made up offlow equalizer is made up of
two power pumps placedtwo power pumps placed
side by side in which theside by side in which the
drive gears of both pumpsdrive gears of both pumps
are connectedare connected
20. ACTUATION CYLINDERACTUATION CYLINDER
The function is to takeThe function is to take
the pressure & hydraulicthe pressure & hydraulic
fluid flow & change themfluid flow & change them
into linear or rotaryinto linear or rotary
motion.motion.
Single piston double rodSingle piston double rod
is an equal displacementis an equal displacement
cylinder used in aileroncylinder used in aileron
system or automaticsystem or automatic
guidance systemguidance system
Double piston-double rodDouble piston-double rod
actuating cylinder usedactuating cylinder used
in bomb bay doorsin bomb bay doors
21. ADVANTAGESADVANTAGES
It is lighter in weight than alternate existingIt is lighter in weight than alternate existing
systems.systems.
It is dead beat, that is, there is an absence ofIt is dead beat, that is, there is an absence of
sloppiness in its response to demands placed onsloppiness in its response to demands placed on
the system.the system.
It is reliable; either it works or doesn't.It is reliable; either it works or doesn't.
It can be easily maintained.It can be easily maintained.
It is not a shock hazard; it is not much of a fireIt is not a shock hazard; it is not much of a fire
hazard.hazard.
It can develop practically unlimited force orIt can develop practically unlimited force or
torque.torque.