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from this ppt you can almost aware about the operation of hydraulic turbines and various specification releated to it...
if you want to attains the knowledge about the turbines then must watch this ppt,... thankyou!
if you want to follow me on twitter then contact me at
ishantgautam51@yahoo.com
A turbine is a rotary mechanical device that extracts energy from a fast moving flow of water, steam, gas, air, or other fluid and converts it into useful work. Also a turbine is a turbo-machine with at least one moving part called a rotor assembly, which is a shaft or drum with blades attached. Moving fluid acts on the blades so that they move and impart rotational energy to the rotor. According to the fluid used:
• Water Turbine
• Steam Turbine
• Gas Turbine
• Wind Turbine
Although the same principles apply to all turbines, their specific designs differ sufficiently to merit separate descriptions.
Working Principle Water Turbine
• When the fluid strikes the blades of the turbine, the blades are displaced, which produces rotational energy.
• When the turbine shaft is directly coupled to an electric generator mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy.
• This electrical power is known as hydroelectric power.
In a hydraulic turbine, water is used as the source of energy. Water or hydraulic turbines convert kinetic and potential energies of the water into mechanical power. Water turbines are mostly found in dams to generate electric power from water kinetic energy.
Classification
Based on hydraulic action of water
Based on direction of flow
Based on head of water and quantity of flow
Based on specific speed
Based on disposition of turbine shaft
Based on name of originator (commonly used turbines)
Watch Video of this presentation on Link: https://youtu.be/xIGlZ3UvLdw
For notes/articles, Visit my blog (link is given below).
For Video, Visit our YouTube Channel (link is given below).
Any Suggestions/doubts/reactions, please leave in the comment box.
Follow Us on
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCVPftVoKZoIxVH_gh09bMkw/
Blog: https://e-gyaankosh.blogspot.com/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/egyaankosh/
from this ppt you can almost aware about the operation of hydraulic turbines and various specification releated to it...
if you want to attains the knowledge about the turbines then must watch this ppt,... thankyou!
if you want to follow me on twitter then contact me at
ishantgautam51@yahoo.com
A turbine is a rotary mechanical device that extracts energy from a fast moving flow of water, steam, gas, air, or other fluid and converts it into useful work. Also a turbine is a turbo-machine with at least one moving part called a rotor assembly, which is a shaft or drum with blades attached. Moving fluid acts on the blades so that they move and impart rotational energy to the rotor. According to the fluid used:
• Water Turbine
• Steam Turbine
• Gas Turbine
• Wind Turbine
Although the same principles apply to all turbines, their specific designs differ sufficiently to merit separate descriptions.
Working Principle Water Turbine
• When the fluid strikes the blades of the turbine, the blades are displaced, which produces rotational energy.
• When the turbine shaft is directly coupled to an electric generator mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy.
• This electrical power is known as hydroelectric power.
In a hydraulic turbine, water is used as the source of energy. Water or hydraulic turbines convert kinetic and potential energies of the water into mechanical power. Water turbines are mostly found in dams to generate electric power from water kinetic energy.
Classification
Based on hydraulic action of water
Based on direction of flow
Based on head of water and quantity of flow
Based on specific speed
Based on disposition of turbine shaft
Based on name of originator (commonly used turbines)
A steam turbine is a prime mover in which the potential energy of the steam is transformed into kinetic energy and later in its turn is transformed into the mechanical energy of rotation of the turbine shaft
INTRODUCTION
THERMODYNAMIC CYCLE OF STEAM FLOW
RANKINE CYCLE (IDEAL , ACTUAL ,REHEAT)
LAYOUT OF STEAM POWER PLANT
MAJOR COMPONENTS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS
ALTERNATOR
EXCITATION SYSTEM
GOVERNING SYSTEM
A steam turbine is a prime mover in which the potential energy of the steam is transformed into kinetic energy and later in its turn is transformed into the mechanical energy of rotation of the turbine shaft
INTRODUCTION
THERMODYNAMIC CYCLE OF STEAM FLOW
RANKINE CYCLE (IDEAL , ACTUAL ,REHEAT)
LAYOUT OF STEAM POWER PLANT
MAJOR COMPONENTS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS
ALTERNATOR
EXCITATION SYSTEM
GOVERNING SYSTEM
A short presentation about the different components of a steam power plant. It first tells us what's a steam power plant and then explains how electricity is generated by them.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION AND ENHANCEMENT OF HEAT TRANSFER USING CUO/WATER NANO-FL...IAEME Publication
Heat transfer enhancement using nano-fluids has gained significant attention over the past few years. Nano-fluids are potentially applicable as alternative coolants for many areas such as electronics, automotive, air conditioning, power generation and nuclear applications. Several published researches have concluded that the use of nano-fluid effectively improved the fluid thermal conductivity which consequently enhanced heat transfer performance.
The Micro-Heat exchangers are heat exchangers in which fluids flows in very confined area such as tubes or small cavities whose dimensions are below 1mm in size. They also go by others name as Micro scale heat exchangers, micro channel heat exchangers, micro structure heat exchanger. They comprises of numerous parallel but relatively short micro channels for the passage of fluid flow. Their ability to handle high heat flux densities to control precise chemical reactions or cool the high-end computer processors is becoming more and more relevant to their efficient and safe operation.The Micro-Heat exchangers are heat exchangers in which fluids flows in very confined area such as tubes or small cavities whose dimensions are below 1mm in size. They also go by others name as Micro scale heat exchangers, micro channel heat exchangers, micro structure heat exchanger. They comprises of numerous parallel but relatively short micro channels for the passage of fluid flow. Their ability to handle high heat flux densities to control precise chemical reactions or cool the high-end computer processors is becoming more and more relevant to their efficient and safe operation.
This presentation will educate you with the basics and types of a turbine . For info on any topics related to mechanical , feel free to inbox me . I'm available at vijayvicky.vicky7@gmail.com
Applications of turbines-Hydroelectric Power PlantsAnand Prithviraj
Different types of turbines used in hydroelectric power plants based on the working parameters such as head, flow, etc., Characteristics of a turbine; specific to its applications in a dam.
Vaccine management system project report documentation..pdfKamal Acharya
The Division of Vaccine and Immunization is facing increasing difficulty monitoring vaccines and other commodities distribution once they have been distributed from the national stores. With the introduction of new vaccines, more challenges have been anticipated with this additions posing serious threat to the already over strained vaccine supply chain system in Kenya.
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
Contact with Dawood Bhai Just call on +92322-6382012 and we'll help you. We'll solve all your problems within 12 to 24 hours and with 101% guarantee and with astrology systematic. If you want to take any personal or professional advice then also you can call us on +92322-6382012 , ONLINE LOVE PROBLEM & Other all types of Daily Life Problem's.Then CALL or WHATSAPP us on +92322-6382012 and Get all these problems solutions here by Amil Baba DAWOOD BANGALI
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Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
COLLEGE BUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT.pdfKamal Acharya
The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
2. What is a TURBINE???
A turbine is a rotary mechanical device that extracts energy
from a fast moving flow of water, steam, gas, air, or other
fluid and converts it into useful work.
A turbine is a turbo-machine with at least one moving part
called a rotor assembly, which is a shaft or drum with blades
attached.
Moving fluid acts on the blades so that they move and impart
rotational energy to the rotor.
3.
4. WORKING PRINCIPLE:
The working principle is very much simple.
• When the fluid strikes the blades of the turbine, the blades are
displaced, which produces rotational energy.
• When the turbine shaft is directly coupled to an electric gene-
-rator mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy.
• This electrical power is known as hydroelectric power.
5. Basic types of turbines
• Water Turbine
• Steam Turbine
• Gas Turbine
• Wind Turbine
Although the same principles apply to all turbines, their specific
designs differ sufficiently to merit separate descriptions.
7. Impulse Turbine
• In an impulse turbine, fast moving fluid is fired through a
narrow nozzle at the turbine blades to make them spin around.
• The blades of an impulse turbine are usually bucket-shaped so
they catch the fluid and direct it off at an angle.
• In an impulse turbine, the fluid is forced to hit the turbine at
high speed.
8. Types of Impulse Turbines
I. Pelton Turbine
II. Cross-flow Turbine
9. Pelton Wheel
• These are usually used for high head, low flow power plants.
• It was invented by Lester Ella Pelton in the 1870s.
• Nozzles are direct forceful, high speed streams of water
against a rotary series of spoon-shaped buckets, also known as
impulse blades, which are mounted around the circumferential
rim of a drive wheel also called a runner.
• As the water jet hit the bucket-blades, the direction of water
velocity is changed to follow the contours of the bucket.
• Water impulse energy exerts torque on the bucket and wheel
system, spinning the wheel; the water stream itself does a "u-
turn" and exits at the outer sides of the bucket.
• Pelton wheels operate best with Drop height: (50 - 2000 m)
and Flow rate is (4 - 15 m3/s)
11. Applications
• Pelton wheels are the preferred turbine for hydro-power, when
the available water source has relatively high hydraulic head at
low flow rates.
• Pelton wheels are made in all sizes. For maximum power and
efficiency, the wheel and turbine system is designed such that
the water jet velocity is twice the velocity of the rotating
buckets.
• There exist in multi ton Pelton wheels mounted on vertical oil
pad bearing in hydroelectric power.
12. Cross-flow Turbine
• It is developed by Anthony Michel, in 1903 and is used for
low heads. (10–70 meters)
• As with a water wheel, the water is admitted at the turbine's
edge. After passing the runner, it leaves on the opposite side.
• Going through the runner twice provides additional efficiency.
• The cross-flow turbine is a low-speed machine that is well
suited for locations with a low head but high flow.
13. Applications
• The peak efficiency of a cross-flow turbine is somewhat less
than a kaplon, francis or pelton turbine.
• It has a low price, and good regulation.
• As water going through the runner twice, provides additional
efficiency.
• Cross-flow turbines are mostly used in mini and micro
hydropower units.
• Its good point as When the water leaves the runner, it also
helps clean the runner of small debris and pollution.
14. Reaction Turbine
• In a reaction turbine, forces driving the rotor are achieved by
the reaction of an accelerating water flow in the runner while
the pressure drops. The reaction principle can be observed in a
rotary lawn sprinkler where the emerging jet drives the rotor in
the opposite direction.
• In reaction turbines torque developed by reacting to the fluid's
pressure. The pressure of the fluid
changes as it passes through the
turbine rotor blades.
15. Types of Reaction Turbines
• Kaplan Turbine
• Francis Turbine
• Kinetic Turbine
16. Kaplan Turbine
• The Kaplan turbine is a water turbine which has adjustable
blades and is used for low heads and high discharges.
• It was developed in 1913 by the Austrian professor Viktor
Kaplan.
• The Kaplan turbine is an inward flow reaction turbine, which
means that the working fluid changes pressure as it moves
through the turbine and gives up its energy.
• The inlet is a scroll-shaped tube that wraps around the
turbine's wicket gate. Water is directed tangentially through the
wicket gate and spirals on to a propeller shaped runner,
causing it to spin.
The Kaplan turbine having drop height: 10 - 700 m and Flow
rate 4 - 55 m3/s
18. Applications
• Kaplan turbines are widely used throughout the world for
electrical power production. They cover the lowest head hydro
sites and are especially suited for high flow conditions.
• Inexpensive micro turbines on the Kaplan turbine model are
manufactured for individual power production with as little as
two feet of head.
• Large Kaplan turbines are individually designed for each site
to operate at the highest possible efficiency, typically over
90%. They are very expensive to design, manufacture and
install, but operate for decades.
19. Francis Turbine
• The Francis turbine is a type of water turbine that was
developed by James B.Franceis and are used for medium
head(45-400 m) and medium discharge.(10-700 m^3/s)
• The Francis turbine is a type of reaction turbine, a category of
turbine in which the working fluid comes to the turbine under
immense pressure and the energy is extracted by the turbine
blades from the working fluid.
• The turbine's exit tube is shaped to help decelerate the water
flow and recover the pressure.
• Water flow is radial from exterior to interior.
21. Applications
• Francis type units cover a head range from 40 to 600 m (130 to
2,000 ft).
• Its efficiency decreases as flow decreases.
• They may also be used for pumped storage, where a reservoir
is filled by the turbine (acting as a pump) driven by the
generator acting as a large electrical motor during periods of
low power demand.
22. Kinetic Turbines
• Kinetic energy turbines, also called free-flow turbines,
generate electricity from the kinetic energy present in flowing
water.
• The systems may operate in rivers, man-made channels, tidal
waters, or ocean currents.
• Kinetic systems utilize the water stream's natural pathway.
• They do not require the diversion of water through manmade
channels, riverbeds, or pipes,
• They might have applications in such conduits.
• Kinetic systems do not require large civil works; however,
they can use existing structures such as bridges, tailraces and
channels and do not require any dam or reservoir.
24. Steam Turbine
• A steam turbine is a device that extracts thermal
energy from pressurized steam and uses it to do
mechanical work on a rotating output shaft.
• This turbine was invented by Sir Charles Parsons in 1884
• Steam turbines are used for the generation of electricity
in thermal power plants, such as plants using coal fuel oil
or nuclear fuel.
• Steam turbines are made in a variety of sizes ranging
from small to large . used as mechanical drives for
pumps, compressors and other shaft driven equipment,
used to generate electricity (upto1.5 GW) .
26. Applications
• Fuel used are biomasses, coal etc.
• Modern steam turbines has automatic control system.
• steam heated processes in plants and factories.
• steam driven turbines in electric power plants.
• Because the turbine generates rotary motion, it is particularly
suited to be used to drive an electrical generator about 90% of
all electricity generation in the United States (1996)
27. Gas turbine
A gas turbine, also called a combustion turbine, is a type of
internal combustion engine.
• Fresh atmospheric air flows through a compressor that brings
it to higher pressure.
• Energy is then added by spraying fuel into the air and igniting
it so the combustion generates a high-temperature flow.
• Gas turbines are used to power aircraft, trains, ships, electrical
generators or even tanks.
29. Wind Turbine
• A wind turbine is a device that converts kinetic energy from
the wind into electrical power .
• Conventional horizontal axis turbines can be divided into three
components:.
• The rotor component , includes the blades for converting
wind energy to low speed rotational energy.
• The generator component, includes the electrical generator,
the control electronics, and most likely a gearbox
• The structural support component, includes the tower etc
• Wind turbine used for charging batteries may be referred to as
a wind charger.
31. Types of wind turbines
Horizontal-axis wind turbines Vertical-axis wind turbines
• Horizontal-axis wind
turbines are being parallel to
the ground, the axis of blade
rotation is parallel to the
wind flow.
• Vertical-axis wind turbines
has its blades rotating on an
axis perpendicular to the
ground.
32. Application
• Our small wind turbines are used in a variety of industries and
applications, including marine applications, off-grid systems.
• Industrial applications including road signage, remote
telemetry, mobile base stations and for houses, schools and
farms.
33. References
• Mechanical engineering department manuals Bhagwant
universty ajmer .
• Fluid mechanics with engineering applicatations 10 edition by
E.John Finnemore and Joesph B. Franzini
• Hydraulics and Fluid mechanics by E.H.Lewitt 10th edition