The document discusses the basics of pumps, including their classification into dynamic and displacement pumps. Dynamic pumps continuously add energy to increase fluid velocity, while displacement pumps periodically add energy by directly applying force to the fluid. Pumps are further classified based on their mechanism and components, such as centrifugal, reciprocating, and rotary pumps. The document also covers pump terminology like suction and discharge heads, priming, and cavitation, as well as factors to consider when specifying a pump like capacity, total head, and NPSH.

1. BASICS OF PUMPBASICS OF PUMP

2. Hydraulic machine which convert mechanical energyHydraulic machine which convert mechanical energy
into hydraulic energy.into hydraulic energy.
CLASSIFICATION OF PUMPS:CLASSIFICATION OF PUMPS:
 Dynamic pumps:Dynamic pumps:
Energy is continuously added to increase the fluidEnergy is continuously added to increase the fluid
velocity.velocity.
 Displacement Pumps:Displacement Pumps:
Energy is periodically added by applying forceEnergy is periodically added by applying force
directly to the fluid.directly to the fluid.
PUMPPUMP

3. Dynamic Pumps
Centrifugal Special EffectSingle
Stage
Axial Flow
Multi -
Stage
Mixed Flow
Peripheral
Closed Impeller Open Impeller
Fixed
Pitch
Variable
PitchSelf
Priming
Single
Suction
Double
Suction
Non
Priming
Single Stage
Multi StageSingle
Stage
Double
Stage
Self Priming
Non Priming
Jet
Gas Lift
Hydraulic ram
Electro magnetic

4. Displacement Pumps
Reciprocating
Rotary
Multiplex
Mechanically Operated
Fluid Operated
Diaphragm
Simplex
Triplex
Multiplex
Piston Plunger
Steam Double
Acting
Simplex
Duplex
Double Acting
Single Acting
Power
Simplex
Duplex
Single Rotor Multiplex Rotor
Vane
Piston
Flexible Member
Screw
Peristaltic
Gear
Lobe
Circumferential
Piston
Screw

5. Single Acting Pump:
A single acting pump is one the takes the suction, filling the pump cylinder on the
Stroke in only one direction called the Suction stroke & then forces the liquid out
of the cylinder on the return stroke called Discharge stroke.

6. Double Acting Pump:
A Double acting pump is one that, as it fills one end of the liquid cylinder, is
discharging liquid from the other end of the cylinder. On the return Stroke ,
the end of the Cylinder just emptied is filled and the end just filled is emptied.

7. Typical Centrifugal pump cross-sectionTypical Centrifugal pump cross-section

8. Open Impeller Closed Impeller
Semi Open
Impeller
ImpellerImpeller

9. Mechanical SealsMechanical Seals

10. AL Type C Type
H Type
CouplingsCouplings
RSS Type

11. TERMINOLOGY IN PUMPSTERMINOLOGY IN PUMPS
SUCTION & DISCHARGE HEADSUCTION & DISCHARGE HEAD
DELIVERYDELIVERY
PRIMINGPRIMING
CAVITATIONCAVITATION
NPSHNPSH

12. PRIMINGPRIMING
PRIMING OF PUMP:PRIMING OF PUMP:
 Filling of pumps suction pipe, casing up to delivery valveFilling of pumps suction pipe, casing up to delivery valve
with liquid .i.e liquid to be pumped by means of externalwith liquid .i.e liquid to be pumped by means of external
source.source.
WHY PRIMINGWHY PRIMING ??
 When the pump is running without liquid that means it isWhen the pump is running without liquid that means it is
running in air, thus the head generated by the pump is inrunning in air, thus the head generated by the pump is in
term of air column.term of air column.
 The generated head of air is very less when compared toThe generated head of air is very less when compared to
water head. Hence the liquid may not be sucked by pump.water head. Hence the liquid may not be sucked by pump.

13. CAVITATIONCAVITATION
Forming of vapour bubbles and subsequent collapse ofForming of vapour bubbles and subsequent collapse of
the vapour bubbles form high pressure.the vapour bubbles form high pressure.
 Cavitation is an abnormal condition that can result inCavitation is an abnormal condition that can result in
loss of production, equipment damage, and worst of allloss of production, equipment damage, and worst of all
personal injurypersonal injury

14. MECHANISM OF CAVITATION

15. EFFECT OF CAVITATION:EFFECT OF CAVITATION:
 Noise and vibrations.Noise and vibrations.
 Pitting of metal surfaces.Pitting of metal surfaces.
 Efficiency decreases.Efficiency decreases.

16. GENERAL CHECKLISTGENERAL CHECKLIST
NPSH. (Net Positive Suction Head):NPSH. (Net Positive Suction Head):
 Minimum head required to over come cavitation.Minimum head required to over come cavitation.
HOW TO SPECIFY A PUMPHOW TO SPECIFY A PUMP::
 Discharge Pressure in MLC.Discharge Pressure in MLC.
 Discharge in M3/Hr.Discharge in M3/Hr.

17. Pump Selection ParametersPump Selection Parameters
Capacity :Capacity :
Capacity of pump depends upon the total quantity of fluid required for the
circulating fluid system and the number of pumps to be provided for the system
It comprises of static head and frictional losses.
Total Head:Total Head:

18. Screw PumpScrew Pump

19. TYPICAL SCREW PUMP - SECTION

20. Water-ring Vacuum PumpWater-ring Vacuum Pump

21. LOBE PUMP

22. THANK YOUTHANK YOU