This document discusses disaster risk assessment and micro-zoning for preparedness. It defines key terms like risk, vulnerability, mitigation and preparedness. It describes how mitigation includes long-term measures to reduce risk, while preparedness consists of short-term activities. The document outlines the process of risk mapping, which involves combining hazard, exposure and vulnerability maps. It discusses approaches for mapping event intensity, exposure, and risk, as well as challenges in seismic hazard evaluation.

1. SARVAJANIK COLLEGE OF
ENGINEERING
& TECHNOLOGY, SURAT
1
Manoj Patel (Enrollment No. 120420748004) Guided by: Prof. Bhasker Bhatt
Guided by: Prof. Anuj
Chandiwala
"MICRO-ZONING AND RISK MAPPING FOR
DISASTER PREPAREDNESS"
PLANNING FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT

2. CONTENTS
2
1. Introduction
2. Mitigation and Preparedness
2.1 Disaster Mitigation
2.2 Preparedness Measures
3. Disaster Risk Assessment
4. Challenges of Seismic Hazard Evaluation
5. References

3. Introduction
3
For sake of clearer understanding the terms as they
are defined and accepted by the UN bodies need to
be mentioned here.
1. Disaster Management authority: the body of
policy and administrative decisions and operational
activities, which pertain to the various stages of a
disaster at all levels.
2. Risk: risk is the expected losses of lives, persons
injured, damage to property and disruption of
economic activity due to a particular hazard.
Risk is the product of hazard and vulnerability.

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3. Vulnerability: Vulnerability is an essential part of
hazards and risk research and refers to the
susceptibility of communities or regions.
4. Mitigation: All actions taken prior to the
occurrence of a disaster including preparedness
and long term risk reduction measures.
5. Preparedness: Preparedness consists of
activities designed to minimize loss of life and
damage, organize the temporary removal of people
and property from a threatened location, and
facilitate timely and effective rescue, relief and
rehabilitation.

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2. Mitigation and Preparedness
 DMP is a analogous to preventive health care.
whilst most efforts are directed towards post
disaster relief, reconstruction and rehabilitation
 disaster mitigation involves implementing long term
risk deduction measures. measures range from
large scale flood protection measures (eg.
Bangladesh, China) to income generation
programmes diversifying livelihood, grain
stores, etc.
 Categorized as development project, but can serve
more than one aim if planned accordingly.

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2.1 Disaster Mitigation includes
 Policy eg. Land regulation, low income housing
schemes, environmental regulation, national food
grain securities policies, etc.
 Training eg. Policy makers, staffs, etc.
 Identification of vulnerable groups
 Public awareness rising eg. Amongst
retailers, community members, civic groups, etc.
 Information system eg. For
monitoring, documentation, dissemination
 Education:
discipline(construction, architecture, urban
planning, agriculture, etc.)

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2.2 Preparedness Measures
 Risk assessment
 Early warning systems
 Life safeguarding eg. Hurricanes shelters
 Resources and emergency kits in anticipation of
need
 Maintain emergency rosters and evacuation plan
 Emergency information and communication
systems
 Training
 Public education and preparedness campaigns

8. 3. Disaster Risk Assessment
1. Essentials on Risk Mapping (Map scale, grid
size, aggregation unit)
2. Requirements for Risk Mapping (Data, software
tool, equipments)
3. Thematic Mapping Approaches (Hazard/event
intensity, exposure, risk maps)
4. National Risk Atlas (Structure, map design, map
indexes)

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3.1 Measure Vulnerability
Two innovative approaches are introduced here.
Cutter et al. (2003) have concentrated on
measuring social vulnerability, which is an integral
part of the Hazards-of-place model.
includes both social inequalities and place
equalities.
This definition includes both the social and
economic vulnerability dimensions of the Hazard’s
project

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A second interesting model is UNDP’s Disaster
Risk Index (DRI)(2004)
which measures & compares the physical
exposure to hazards, vulnerability and risk
between countries.
Here, physical exposure refers to the number of
people located in areas where hazardous events
occur combined with the frequency of hazard
events.

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3.2 What is Risk Mapping?
 Risk mapping is the process of establishing the
spatial and temporal extent of risk (Probability &
consequences)
 Risk mapping requires combining maps of
hazards, exposure, and vulnerability
 The results of risk mapping are usually presented
in the form of maps that show the magnitude and
nature of the risk

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3.3 Map Scale

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3.4 Resolution
Levels of details & their suitability for computer modeling

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3.5 Risk Mapping
Process

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EVENT Intensity Maps

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 Flood Intensity Maps (Water depth)

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Flood Hazard Intensity
Map

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Flood Hazard Zoning Map

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3.6 Exposure Mapping
1. Population in terms of its poverty or vulnerability
2. Buildings in terms of their structure type &
functionality (i.e. residential, commercial,
industrial, and public)
3. Livelihoods, i.e. livestock, crops, industries (the
number, location & extent of exposure)
4. Critical facilities, i.e. healthcare, educational
institutions (university, college, school, etc.),
warehouses, banks, police stations, fire stations,
etc.
5. Infrastructures, i.e. roads, bridges, airports, ports,
railways, dams, telecommunication network,
power supply, etc.

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5. References
1. Challenges Of Seismic Hazard Evaluation, P.L. Narula
2. Disaster Risk Mapping, GRIP - Global Risk Identification
Programme, UNDP Bureau for Crisis Prevention and
Recovery
3. Natural and Technological Hazards and Risks Affecting the,
Spatial Development of European Regions, Geological
Survey of Finland, Special Paper 42, 65–74, 2006.
4. Resource material on disaster management complied by
regional centre for urban and environmental
studies(RCUES) of all India institute of local self
government(AIILSG)

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 THANK YOU