Automation is the use of technology to control and operate production processes. It is used to increase productivity, address labor shortages and high labor costs, improve quality, and reduce manufacturing time. Common machines used in automation include numerically controlled machines, robotics, and automated quality inspection systems. Automation can be applied in continuous processes like chemical plants, mass production like automobiles, batch production like books, and job shop production like prototypes. While automation focuses on reducing unit production time, CAD/CAM additionally aims to reduce design time. The benefits of automation include increased productivity, reduced time, less floor space needed, and less human fatigue, but the costs can be high initially and development costs unpredictable.

1. CAD/CAM
TOPIC:AUTOMATION
BY
J KUMAR CHANDRA
Assistant professor,
Department of ME,
NNRG HYD

2. WHAT IS AUTOMATION?
 Automation is technology concerned with the
application of complex mechanical,
electrical, electronic , hydraulic, pneumatic
or computer based system in the operation
and control of production

3. Need of Automation
 Increased Productivity
 High Cost of Labour
 Labour Shortage
 Trend of labour towards the service sector
 Safety
 Improved Product Quality
 Reduced Manufacturing Lean Time
 High Cost of not Automating

4. Machines Used in Automation
• Numerically Controlled Machine
• Machining Centers
• Robots
• Automated Quality Control Inspection
• Automated Identification System
• Automated Process Controls

5. Types of Automation
• Continuous process
• Mass production
• Batch production
• Job production industries

6. • Continuous flow process industries
Continuous dedicated production of large
amounts of bulk product. Examples include
continuous chemical plants and oil refineries

7. • Continuous process industries
Sugar industry, chemical industry etc.

8. • Mass production industries –
Automobiles, Consumer goods etc
Dedicated production of large quantities of one
product (with perhaps limited model variations).
Examples include automobiles, appliances, and
engine blocks.

9. • Mass production industries –
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F96_
eUk_06g

10. • Batch production industries –
machines, aircrafts etc
Production of medium lot sizes of the same
product or component. The lots may be
produced once or repeated periodically.
Examples include books, clothing, and certain
industrial machinery

11. • Batch production industries –
machines, aircrafts etc

12. • Job production industries –
Prototypes, heat exchangers , chemical
reactors etc
Production of low quantities, often one of a
kind, of specialized products. The products are
often customized and technologically complex.
Examples include prototypes, aircraft, machine
tools, and other equipment.

13. • Job production industries –

14. COMPARISION

15. • Automation is focused on reducing unit
production time and to some extent time
associated with planning and setting up for
each batch of production.
• CAD/CAM is focused on reducing time for
designing the product and all other activities
which are accomplished once for each product
and time associated with planning and setting
up for each batch of production

16. Advantages
• Increased Productivity
• Reduced Overall Production time
• Less floor Space Required
• Increased overall profits of the
manufacturing concern
• Human fatigue is greatly minimized

17. Disadvantages
• Technology Limits
• Unpredictable Development cost
• Initial cost are Relatively High