The document discusses different aspects of human memory such as encoding, storage, retrieval, and forgetting. It summarizes classic memory models proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin in 1968 that describe sensory memory, short-term memory and long-term memory. It also references studies on memory capacity like George Miller's finding that short-term memory can hold 7 plus or minus 2 chunks of information. Finally, the document outlines Ebbinghaus' forgetting curve which showed that the more times one practices information, the fewer times it needs to be repeated to be relearned.

1. • http://www.ted.com/talks/joshua_foer_feats_o

2. Memory
Storing
Encoding
Retrieving

3. Memory
Persistence of learning over time through
the storage and retrieval of information.

4. Recall
• A measure of memory in which the
person must retrieve information
learned earlier.

5. Recognition
• A measure of memory in which the
person need only to identify previously
learned information.

6. relearning
A measure of memory that assess the
amount of time it takes to learn
something again.

7. Ebbinghaus Retention Curve
The more times
one practices
nonsense
syllables, the
fewer
repetitions it
takes to relearn.

8. Nonsense Syllables
Ebbinghaus
Lkj
Skdi
Lkj
Wer
Puj
xir

9. Encoding
The processing of information into the
memory system

10. Storage
• The retention of encoded information
over time.

11. Retrieval
• The process of getting information out
of memory storage.

12. Atkinson & Shiffrin Model of
Memory (1968)
Sensory Memory
Shor-Term Memory
Long-Term Memory

13. Sensory Memory
• Immediate, brief, recording of
information
• Duration: .5 seconds
• Capacity: Unknown

14. Short-Term Memory
• Capacity: 5 +/- 2 chunks of information
• Duration: 15 seconds

15. George Sperling (1960)

16. George Miller (1956)
• The Magical Number 7, Plus or Minus
2.
• CHUNKING

17. Long-Term Memory
• Capacity: unknown
• Duration: unknown

18. Working Memory
• Newer model of Short-Term Memory
that uses the desktop & windows model
for memory.

19. Explicit Memory
• Memory of facts and experiences.
• Known as DECLARATIVE MEMORY

20. Implicit Memory
• Unconscious memory
• Known as NONDECLARATIVE
MEMORY

21. Effortful Processing
• Encoding that requires attention &
conscious effort.

22. Automatic Processing
• Encoding that is not intentional.

23. Iconic Memory
• Visual sensory memory

24. Echoic Memory
• Auditory memory

25. Levels of Processing Theory
(Bransford & Marcia, 1972)
• Shallow Processing- appearance of
letter.
• Deep Processing- semantic encoding
• Semantic- meaning

26. Ebbinghaus Forgetting Curve
(1885)