The document discusses the anatomy and disorders of the special senses - vision, hearing, taste, smell, and touch. It describes the key parts of the eye, including the sclera, choroid, retina, cornea, iris, pupil, and lens. It also outlines the parts of the ear, including the external, middle, and inner ear. Common disorders of the eye are discussed like errors of refraction, cataracts, and glaucoma. Disorders of the ear mentioned include otitis media and otosclerosis. Related word roots, suffixes, and surgical terms are also defined.

1. The Special SensesThe Special Senses
Week 13Week 13
Dr. Walid DaoudDr. Walid Daoud
A. ProfessorA. Professor

2. The Special SensesThe Special Senses
They are highly specialized senseThey are highly specialized sense
organsorgans::
11--VisionVision..
22--HearingHearing..
33--TasteTaste..
44--OlfactionOlfaction..
55--TouchTouch

3. Anatomy of The EyeAnatomy of The Eye
The eye is the sense organ of visionThe eye is the sense organ of vision..
A globe-shape organ (3 layersA globe-shape organ (3 layers(:(:
--Sclera:Sclera: outermost fibrous layeroutermost fibrous layer..
--Choroid:Choroid: middle layer vascular layermiddle layer vascular layer..
---Retina:Retina: innermost layer nervous layerinnermost layer nervous layer..

4. Anatomy of The EyeAnatomy of The Eye
--Cornea. - Ciliary muscleCornea. - Ciliary muscle..
--Aqueous humor. - Vitreous humorAqueous humor. - Vitreous humor..
--Anterior chamber. - Optic nerveAnterior chamber. - Optic nerve..
--Posterior chamber. - Optic discPosterior chamber. - Optic disc..
--IrisIris..
--PupilPupil..
--LensLens..

5. The Front of The EyeThe Front of The Eye
11--Eye lidsEye lids..
22--Lacrimal glandsLacrimal glands..
33--CanthiCanthi..
44--Lacrimal canaliculiLacrimal canaliculi..

6. Anatomy of The EarAnatomy of The Ear
The ear is the sense organ of hearingThe ear is the sense organ of hearing..
11--External earExternal ear::
..Auricle or ear pinnaAuricle or ear pinna..
..Ear canalEar canal..
..Tympanic membrane or ear drumTympanic membrane or ear drum..
22--Middle earMiddle ear::
..33ossicles: malleus, incus and stapesossicles: malleus, incus and stapes..
33--Inner earInner ear::
..Cochlea, semicircular canal, vestibuleCochlea, semicircular canal, vestibule..

7. Disorders of The EyeDisorders of The Eye
Errors of refraction (ametropiaErrors of refraction (ametropia(:(:
11--MyopiaMyopia..
22--HypermetropiaHypermetropia..
33--AstigmatismAstigmatism..

8. Disorders of The EyeDisorders of The Eye
CataractsCataracts
Cataract is an opacity that forms on the lensCataract is an opacity that forms on the lens
or its capsule leading to loss of visionor its capsule leading to loss of vision..
Cataract removal either byCataract removal either by::
11--CryoextractionCryoextraction..
Or 2- Intracapsular cataract extractionOr 2- Intracapsular cataract extraction..

9. Disorders of The EyeDisorders of The Eye
GlaucomaGlaucoma
Glaucoma is an increase in the intraocularGlaucoma is an increase in the intraocular
pressure due to atrophy of optic nerve andpressure due to atrophy of optic nerve and
may result in blindnessmay result in blindness..
TreatmentTreatment::
--MioticsMiotics..
--Surgery: paracentesis of the corneaSurgery: paracentesis of the cornea..
partial iridectomypartial iridectomy
iridodialysisiridodialysis..

10. Disorders of The EyeDisorders of The Eye
StrabismusStrabismus
The eyes turn from the normal positionThe eyes turn from the normal position
and are not aimed in the same directionand are not aimed in the same direction..
--ExotropiaExotropia..
--EsotropiaEsotropia..

11. Disorders of The EarDisorders of The Ear
Otitis MediaOtitis Media
It is infection of the middle earIt is infection of the middle ear::
--OtodyniaOtodynia..
--OtopyorrheaOtopyorrhea..
--MyringorrhexisMyringorrhexis..
Treatment is by analgesics, antibiotics orTreatment is by analgesics, antibiotics or
myrigotomymyrigotomy..

12. Disorders of The EarDisorders of The Ear
OtosclerosisOtosclerosis
It is hardening of spongy bone around theIt is hardening of spongy bone around the
oval window and the stapes is unable tooval window and the stapes is unable to
move the oval window (ankylosis)move the oval window (ankylosis)
causing hearing losscausing hearing loss..
Treated by stapedectomyTreated by stapedectomy..

13. WR/CF Related To The EyeWR/CF Related To The Eye
WR/CFWR/CF MeaningMeaning ExampleExample
ambly/oambly/o
aque/oaque/o
blephar/oblephar/o
chroid/ochroid/o
cycl/ocycl/o
dacry/odacry/o
dacryoaden/odacryoaden/o
emmetr/oemmetr/o
dull or dimdull or dim
waterwater
eyelideyelid
choroidchoroid
ciliary bodyciliary body
teartear
tear glandtear gland
correctcorrect
amblyambly/opia/opia
aqueaque/ous/ous
blepharblephar/edema/edema
chroidchroid/it is/it is
cyclcycl/o/dialysis/o/dialysis
dacrydacry/o/rrhea/o/rrhea
dacryoadenodacryoadeno/ectomy/ectomy
emmetremmetr/opia/opia

14. WR/CF Related To The EyeWR/CF Related To The Eye
WR/CFWR/CF MeaningMeaning ExampleExample
irid/oirid/o
kerat/okerat/o
lacrim/olacrim/o
opthalm/oopthalm/o
pupll/opupll/o
retin/oretin/o
scler/oscler/o
vitre/ovitre/o
irisiris
corneacornea
lacrimal ductlacrimal duct
eyeeye
pupilpupil
retinaretina
sclera, hardsclera, hard
vitreous humorvitreous humor
iridirid/ectomy/ectomy
keratkerat/o/cele/o/cele
lacrimlacrim/a/tion/a/tion
opthalmopthalm/o/logist/o/logist
pupillpupill/o/meter/o/meter
retinretin/al/al
sclerscler/it is/it is
vitrevitre/ous/ous

15. WR/CF Related To The EarWR/CF Related To The Ear
WR/CFWR/CF MeaningMeaning ExampleExample
audi/oaudi/o
labyrinth/olabyrinth/o
mastoid/omastoid/o
ot/oot/o
presby/opresby/o
salping/osalping/o
staped/ostaped/o
myring/omyring/o
hearinghearing
Inner earInner ear
mastoid processmastoid process
earear
old ageold age
Eustachian tubeEustachian tube,,
oviductoviduct
stapesstapes
ear drumear drum
audiaudi/o/meter/o/meter
labyrinthlabyrinth/itis/itis
mastoidmastoid/itis/itis
otot/o/scope/o/scope
presbypresby/cusis/cusis
salpingsalping/itis/itis
stapedstaped/ectomy/ectomy
tympantympan/o/plasty/o/plasty

16. Suffixes Related To The EyeSuffixes Related To The Eye
SuffixSuffix MeaningMeaning ExampleExample
--opiaopia
--o/tropiao/tropia
opsiopsi--
visionvision
turningturning
visionvision
emmetr/emmetr/opiaopia
ex/o/ex/o/tropiatropia
heter/heter/opsiaopsia

17. Suffixes Related To The EarSuffixes Related To The Ear
SuffixSuffix MeaningMeaning ExampleExample
--cusiscusis
--o/mycosiso/mycosis
o/pyorrheao/pyorrhea--
hearinghearing
fungal infectionfungal infection
purulent (pus)purulent (pus)
dischargedischarge
ana/ana/cusiscusis
ot/o/ot/o/mycosismycosis
ot/o/ot/o/pyorrheapyorrhea

18. Surgical and Other TermsSurgical and Other Terms
Related To The Special SensesRelated To The Special Senses
Page 310 - 313Page 310 - 313

19. Answer Worksheets 1-6Answer Worksheets 1-6
Page 314 - 323Page 314 - 323