Principles and Concepts Development
What is the real meaning of development?
Why do some countries develop and others remain poor?
What are the sources of development and how do we measure development?
Does historical record of development help us understand it better?
What are the most influential theories of development and are they compatible?
Is development process of developing nations independent or interdependent with that of developed nations?
Definition of Economic Development: 1950s
In economic terms, development is the capacity of a nation to generate and sustain an annual increase in its GNP of 5% or more.
Traditional economic measures:
GDP: is the market value of all final goods and services produced within a country in a given period of time
Y=C+I+G+NX
GNP: is the market value of all final goods and services produced by permanent residents of a country in a given period of time
GNP= GDP+ net factor income from abroad
Principles and Concepts Development
What is the real meaning of development?
Why do some countries develop and others remain poor?
What are the sources of development and how do we measure development?
Does historical record of development help us understand it better?
What are the most influential theories of development and are they compatible?
Is development process of developing nations independent or interdependent with that of developed nations?
Definition of Economic Development: 1950s
In economic terms, development is the capacity of a nation to generate and sustain an annual increase in its GNP of 5% or more.
Traditional economic measures:
GDP: is the market value of all final goods and services produced within a country in a given period of time
Y=C+I+G+NX
GNP: is the market value of all final goods and services produced by permanent residents of a country in a given period of time
GNP= GDP+ net factor income from abroad
The classical growth theory argues that economic growth will decrease or end because of an increasing population and limited resources Classical growth theory economists believed that temporary increases in real GDP per person would cause a population explosion that would consequently decrease real GDP.
Meaning of economic development, core values in economic development, Developed countries, Underdeveloped countries, Characteristics , Difference between Economic Growth and Economic Development.
The classical growth theory argues that economic growth will decrease or end because of an increasing population and limited resources Classical growth theory economists believed that temporary increases in real GDP per person would cause a population explosion that would consequently decrease real GDP.
Meaning of economic development, core values in economic development, Developed countries, Underdeveloped countries, Characteristics , Difference between Economic Growth and Economic Development.
On 13th November, Director of UNRISD Sarah Cook delivered SIID's Annual Lecture on “The ‘Universal Framework’ for Sustainable Development: A new global paradigm or business as usual?”, in collaboration with The Exchange
Pearson Edexcel International A Level Business (431) 1 Growing economies Powe...Revisionstation
This is part of the Edexcel International Business A Level teaching bundle available from Revisionstation.
a) Characteristics of developed, developing and emerging
economies.
b) Growing economic power of countries within Asia, Africa and other
parts of the world.
c) Implications of economic growth for individuals and businesses:
• trade opportunities for businesses
• employment patterns.
d) Indicators of growth:
• gross domestic product (GDP) and GDP per capita
• human development index (HDI).
Despite substantial economic development in developing countries in recent years there is still a large gap between developing and developed countries in respect of development parameters.
Output per worker in the United States is about 10 times higher than India and more than 50 times higher than the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) in 2011.
Per capita income was $48,820 in the United States, $3,640 in India, and $340 in the DRC.
In economics, the cycle of poverty is the “Set of factors or events by which poverty, once started, is likely to continue unless there is outside intervention“. The poverty cycle can be called the “Development trap" when it is applied to countries.
Factors that may be used to define the level of development of a country.(san...Santosh Sapkota
Over the past two decades and, particularly after the Social Summit in Copenhagen, development
practice increasingly has paid more attention to the underlying causes of poverty and social
exclusion. The World Bank, like other international agencies, has concluded that understanding
the socio-cultural, political, and institutional context is essential for developing actions that
induce and support changes leading to poverty reduction and more inclusive, accountable, and
cohesive societies and institutions.-World Bank
1. The definition of developed countries countries
2. The indicators of classification of developed countries
3. The characteristics of developed countries
4. Some examples of developed countries
5. The impact of developed and developing countries on the Indonesian economy
Class Presentation on Economic development, inequality and foreign aid.pptxGeorgeKabongah2
Economic Growth may be defined as rate of expansion over a short period.
Economic growth is a single dimensional quantitative concept which is concerned only with the rate of increase in national income.
Leaving Certificate Geography
Economic Elective
Students are required to study developed economies and changes that have occurred in the economic activities that take place in these economies.
This is a case study designed to teach students how industrial decline occurred in Wallonia and some of the impacts that this decline has on the country,
Leaving Certificate Geography
Economic Elective
Students must study Developed Economies as part of the Economic Elective. Mass Tourism in Spain is a case study that may be studied as part of Developed Economies.
Leaving Certificate Geography: Economic Elective
Students must study Developed Economies as part of the Economic Elective. Financial Services in Ireland is a Case Study of a Developed Economy.
Past Exam Question:
Examine the development of services in a developed economy that you have studied. (30 marks)
Secondary activities, tertiary activities and human processes in the Mezzogiorno region.
Teaching aid for discussing these activities for regional geography (Leaving Certificate Geography)
Core Unit 2: Leaving Certificate Gegraphy (Ordinary Level)Aisling O Connor
Ordinary Level Geography: Core Unit 2 (Regional Geography).
These are past exam questions from Leaving Certificate Geography 2013 backwards. These questions are only those relating to regional geography in Ireland for Ordinary level only.
Leaving Certificate Geography Higher Level.
Past exam questions (2013 back) from Core Unit 2: Regional Geography. These exam questions only relate to Irish regions.
The Greater Dublin Area (GDA region) is an example of a core socio-economic region in Ireland. It is comprised of four counties: Dublin, Meath, Kildare and Wicklow. This core region is often contrasted with the peripheral socio-economic region - the BMW or Border Midlands and West region. The GDA is studied for both higher and ordinary level Leaving Certificate Geography in Ireland.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
2. GNP Gross
National
Product
The measure of a country’s
wealth – the value of goods
and services produced in a
country plus those produced
by native companies located
abroad.
GDP Gross
Domestic
Product
The value of all goods and
services produced (by locally
owned and foreign owned
businesses) in a country.
HDI Human
Development
Index
Measure of people’s life
expectancy, education and
income.
TERMS YOU NEED TO UNDERSTAND
3. LDC Least
Developed
Country
Formerly known as a Third
World country – a country is
that is poorer than other
countries, e.g. Ethiopia.
NIC Newly
Industrialised
Country
A country experiencing rapid
economic development, e.g.
Brazil.
HIPC Highly
Indebted
Poor Country
Countries with the highest
levels of poverty in the world,
e.g. Ethiopia.
TERMS YOU NEED TO UNDERSTAND
4. World Patterns in Economic
Development
Type of Region Examples
1 Developed
Region
Europe, North America, Japan, Australia.
2 Quickly
Developing
Countries
South East Asian countries: China, India,
South and Central America: Brazil, Mexico
North African countries: Egypt
3 Least Developed
Countries
Many African countries: Zambia, Ethiopia
Some countries in Asia: Bangladesh
5. Developed Regions
• High levels of industrial activity
• Well developed healthcare
systems
• Educated population
• Equality between men and women
• Child mortality is low
• Well developed infrastructure
(hospitals, schools, etc).
6. Quickly Developing Countries
• Industrialised rapidly over the last 20 years
• Most jobs are in manufacturing and services
• Wages are low – this attracts MNCs looking for cheap
labour
• Healthcare and literacy levels are improving
7. Least Developed Countries
• Poorest in the world.
• Life Expectancy low.
• Millions live in poverty.
• Disease is common.
• Government is absent or corrupt.
• Many girls receive no education.
• Most jobs are low income primary industry jobs.
9. Measures of Economic Development
1 Gross National Product
2 Human Development Index
10. Indicator Advantages Disadvantages
GNP Easy to see ranked position
of a country in a list.
Gives a quick view of level of
development.
Easy to calculate from
government statistics.
Average figure – hides the
inequality of wealth.
Presence of MNCs can give a
high GNP covering up poor
performance by local
companies.
Doesn’t account for black
market.
HDI Includes several social and
economic conditions in a
country.
A more complete view of
development.
Inequality can still exist in a
country with a high score.
Cannot easily measure
changes in long term
indicators such as life
expectancy.