Material balance
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
9 likes•8,002 views
This document discusses material balances in chemical reactors. It defines key terms like matter, mass, and the different states of matter. It explains the law of conservation of mass - that mass is neither created nor destroyed in chemical reactions. A material balance tracks the mass flowing into and out of a reactor. The mass in must equal the mass out. The mass out includes accumulated mass in the reactor, products, wastes, and byproducts. Two example calculations are shown to determine waste produced given feed, product, and byproduct masses.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
material balance and its applications
This document provides an overview of material balances and their applications in process engineering. It begins by explaining that material balances are used to account for the mass of materials entering and leaving a process based on the law of conservation of mass. The general material balance equation is presented, which accounts for inputs, outputs, generation, consumption and accumulation of a material within a system. Examples are then provided to demonstrate how to set up and solve material balance problems for physical processes and distillation columns. Procedures for performing material balances on single and multiple unit processes are also outlined.
Material and energy balance
Material and energy balances are used to track quantities as they pass through processes. They are based on the principles of conservation of mass and energy.
A material balance equates total input mass to total output mass plus any accumulation. It can be done on a total mass basis or by tracking individual components. Concentrations are commonly used to quantify compositions.
An energy balance equates total energy input to total energy output plus any storage. Different forms of energy must be accounted for as some can be interconverted. Sankey diagrams provide a visual representation of energy flows.
Balances get more complex for real processes but the basic approach is generally applicable. They are important for process control, optimization, and examining efficiency.
Material and Energy Balance
This document provides lecture notes on mass and energy balances. It covers key topics such as dimensions, units, unit conversion, material balances, and energy balances. Chapter 1 defines dimensions, units, and common unit systems used in engineering. It explains how to perform unit conversions and check the dimensional homogeneity of equations. Later chapters discuss using material and energy balances to analyze processes involving multiple units and unit operations.
Drying of wet solids
This document discusses drying of wet solids. It begins by defining drying as the removal of liquid, generally water, from a wet solid to produce a relatively dry product. Examples of industrial drying processes are provided. The various mechanisms of moisture transport within solids during drying are described, including capillary forces, liquid diffusion, and vapor diffusion. The stages of drying and how the drying rate changes over time are explained. Factors that influence the critical moisture content and equilibrium moisture content are discussed. Different types of industrial dryers used for drying solids, including tray dryers, rotary dryers, flash dryers, and drum dryers are described. Heat and mass transfer principles governing batch and continuous drying are outlined.
Material and energy balances
This document discusses mass balances (also called material balances) and energy balances. It explains that mass balances play a bigger role in this course, as many calculations are based on material balances. The concept of a material balance is that what comes in must come out. A general mass balance equation and procedure for solving material balance problems is provided. Additionally, the document outlines energy balances and notes they can be more complex than mass balances since energy exists in many forms.
Mass transfer
This presentation related to molecular diffusion of molecules in gases and liquids. Also includes inter-phase mass transfer and various theories related to it like two film theory, penetration theory and surface renewal theory.
Transport phenomena
This document discusses transport phenomena and provides examples of momentum, heat, and mass transfer. It defines transport phenomena as irreversible processes involving the transfer of matter, energy, or momentum in fluids not at equilibrium. Examples given are heat conduction, viscosity, diffusion, and electric charge transfer. Analogies are drawn between the transfer of mass, energy, and momentum via diffusion processes. The document then provides the governing equations for heat (Fourier's law), mass (Fick's law), and momentum (Newton's law) transfer and worked examples. It also discusses driving forces, resistances, and the relationships between diffusivity, viscosity, and thermal conductivity.
Material balance with chemical reaction
1) Material balances apply the law of conservation of mass to chemical processes, ensuring mass is neither created nor destroyed.
2) To perform a material balance, a process flow diagram is drawn with stream labels and unknowns assigned symbols. A basis is selected before writing balance equations.
3) For reactive systems, stoichiometric ratios from chemical equations are used in material balances to determine limiting reactants and calculate yields, selectivity, and conversion.
Recommended
material balance and its applications
This document provides an overview of material balances and their applications in process engineering. It begins by explaining that material balances are used to account for the mass of materials entering and leaving a process based on the law of conservation of mass. The general material balance equation is presented, which accounts for inputs, outputs, generation, consumption and accumulation of a material within a system. Examples are then provided to demonstrate how to set up and solve material balance problems for physical processes and distillation columns. Procedures for performing material balances on single and multiple unit processes are also outlined.
Material and energy balance
Material and energy balances are used to track quantities as they pass through processes. They are based on the principles of conservation of mass and energy.
A material balance equates total input mass to total output mass plus any accumulation. It can be done on a total mass basis or by tracking individual components. Concentrations are commonly used to quantify compositions.
An energy balance equates total energy input to total energy output plus any storage. Different forms of energy must be accounted for as some can be interconverted. Sankey diagrams provide a visual representation of energy flows.
Balances get more complex for real processes but the basic approach is generally applicable. They are important for process control, optimization, and examining efficiency.
Material and Energy Balance
This document provides lecture notes on mass and energy balances. It covers key topics such as dimensions, units, unit conversion, material balances, and energy balances. Chapter 1 defines dimensions, units, and common unit systems used in engineering. It explains how to perform unit conversions and check the dimensional homogeneity of equations. Later chapters discuss using material and energy balances to analyze processes involving multiple units and unit operations.
Drying of wet solids
This document discusses drying of wet solids. It begins by defining drying as the removal of liquid, generally water, from a wet solid to produce a relatively dry product. Examples of industrial drying processes are provided. The various mechanisms of moisture transport within solids during drying are described, including capillary forces, liquid diffusion, and vapor diffusion. The stages of drying and how the drying rate changes over time are explained. Factors that influence the critical moisture content and equilibrium moisture content are discussed. Different types of industrial dryers used for drying solids, including tray dryers, rotary dryers, flash dryers, and drum dryers are described. Heat and mass transfer principles governing batch and continuous drying are outlined.
Material and energy balances
This document discusses mass balances (also called material balances) and energy balances. It explains that mass balances play a bigger role in this course, as many calculations are based on material balances. The concept of a material balance is that what comes in must come out. A general mass balance equation and procedure for solving material balance problems is provided. Additionally, the document outlines energy balances and notes they can be more complex than mass balances since energy exists in many forms.
Mass transfer
This presentation related to molecular diffusion of molecules in gases and liquids. Also includes inter-phase mass transfer and various theories related to it like two film theory, penetration theory and surface renewal theory.
Transport phenomena
This document discusses transport phenomena and provides examples of momentum, heat, and mass transfer. It defines transport phenomena as irreversible processes involving the transfer of matter, energy, or momentum in fluids not at equilibrium. Examples given are heat conduction, viscosity, diffusion, and electric charge transfer. Analogies are drawn between the transfer of mass, energy, and momentum via diffusion processes. The document then provides the governing equations for heat (Fourier's law), mass (Fick's law), and momentum (Newton's law) transfer and worked examples. It also discusses driving forces, resistances, and the relationships between diffusivity, viscosity, and thermal conductivity.
Material balance with chemical reaction
1) Material balances apply the law of conservation of mass to chemical processes, ensuring mass is neither created nor destroyed.
2) To perform a material balance, a process flow diagram is drawn with stream labels and unknowns assigned symbols. A basis is selected before writing balance equations.
3) For reactive systems, stoichiometric ratios from chemical equations are used in material balances to determine limiting reactants and calculate yields, selectivity, and conversion.
LEACHING CONCEPT, TECHNIQUE AND SINGLE AND MULTISTAGE LEACHING
This document discusses various concepts and techniques related to leaching operations in chemical engineering. It begins with an overview of leaching concepts and steady and unsteady state techniques. Unsteady state techniques discussed include in-place leaching, heap leaching, and a shanks system. Next, the document examines single stage and multistage leaching processes through mass balances and coordinate systems. It concludes with references on leaching and mass transfer operations.
Transport phenomena-Mass Transfer 31-Jul-2016
These slides are designed for a course in Transport Phenomena-Mass Transfer (1 Credit hour) at undergraduate level.
Chemical reaction engineering
Chemical Reaction Engineering (CRE) studies chemical reaction rates and mechanisms and reactor design. It is important for many industries like chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and medicine. The document discusses mole balance equations for batch reactors, continuously stirred-tank reactors (CSTR), plug flow reactors (PFR), and packed bed reactors (PBR). It also covers reaction rates and examples.
Design principles in mass transfer processes
Slides for the eLearning course Separation and purification processes in biorefineries (https://open-learn.xamk.fi) in IMPRESS project (https://www.spire2030.eu/impress).
Section: Mass transfer processes
Subject: 3.1 Design principles
Types of reactor
The document describes different types of reactors used in chemical processes. It discusses batch reactors, continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTR), plug flow reactors, fixed bed reactors, and fluidized bed reactors. For CSTRs, it provides the design equation that relates the reactor volume to the inlet and outlet flow rates of a reactant and the rate of reaction. It also gives an example of using this equation to calculate the volume of a CSTR needed to achieve 80% conversion of a reactant based on given kinetic data.
Space time and Space velocity, CSTR
Chemical Reaction Engineering. Mehran University of Engineering & Technology Jamshoro, PK. Department of Chemical Engineering.
Energy Balance (1).ppt
This document discusses energy balances and their application in chemical processes. It covers the first law of thermodynamics, forms of energy, and the conventions used in energy balances. Equations for enthalpy, mechanical energy, and heat capacity are presented. Methods are described for performing energy balances on systems involving phase changes, chemical reactions, and other processes. Key data sources for thermochemical properties are also listed.
Mass and energy balance
Mass and energy balances must be completed for each piece of equipment before detailed design can begin. A mass balance is done for each unit shown on the process flowsheet, while an energy balance is done over groups of units where energy is transferred between process fluids. Even at the design stage, some flowrates and temperatures may only be estimates. The mass and energy balances will need updating after detailed design is complete. Calculations are included as an appendix and provide details like mass flowrates, compositions, temperatures, pressures, and enthalpy contents of all streams.
Batch Reactor
In this topic we have discussed working principle of a Batch Reactor. We've also discussed its kinetics like its Rate equation, Material and Energy balance. Its Design steps also have been discussed.
Overview of mass transfer mechanisms
Slides for the eLearning course Separation and purification processes in biorefineries (https://open-learn.xamk.fi) in IMPRESS project (https://www.spire2030.eu/impress).
Section: Mass transfer processes
Subject: 2.1 Overview
Mass transfer operations
This document contains lecture slides from Dr. M. Subas Chandra Bose and Mrs. Sabarunisha Begum on the topic of mass transfer operations. It discusses various mass transfer concepts like diffusion, gas absorption principles, and vapor-liquid operations including distillation. The slides provide definitions and examples of different mass transfer processes and operations. They also describe concepts like the transfer unit, differential distillation, flash distillation, and continuous rectification in binary systems.
Feed conditions in distillation column with respect to feed plate and reflux
This document discusses feed conditions in distillation columns with respect to the feed plate and reflux. It defines key terms like distillation, relative volatility, and reflux. It explains that the condition of the feed stream determines the relation between flows above and below the feed plate. The amount of saturated liquid versus vapor in the feed is quantified by a variable q. Feed can be saturated liquid/vapor or a mixture, determining the slope of the q-line. Feed plates help separate mixtures, and more reflux improves separation efficiency, allowing fewer plates for a given separation. Total reflux passes vapor and liquid without product removal, while minimum reflux is the lowest ratio enabling separation with infinite plates.
gas absorption
Gas absorption is a process used to separate gases by contacting a gas mixture with a liquid solvent. The key principles are the solubility of the absorbed gas and the rate of mass transfer as the gas dissolves into the liquid. Absorption is usually carried out counter-currently in vertical columns. The solvent is fed at the top while the gas enters at the bottom, allowing the absorbed substances to be washed out in the downward flowing liquid. Proper selection of solvent considers factors like gas solubility, volatility, cost, and viscosity. Rate of absorption is determined by volumetric mass transfer coefficients, which can be calculated from operating line and equilibrium curve diagrams.
2.2 McCabe-Thiele method
The McCabe-Thiele method is a graphical technique for determining the minimum number of stages required for distillation. It involves plotting the equilibrium relationship between liquid and vapor phases on a diagram and constructing operating lines to represent the mass balances in the rectifying and stripping sections. Intersections between the lines indicate the number of ideal stages. The method was developed in 1925 and remains useful for preliminary column design. Key considerations include the feed composition and enthalpy, reflux ratio, and use of partial condensers or reboilers.
Mass transfer
Mass transfer is the movement of mass from one location to another, such as between phases or components. It occurs through various processes like absorption, evaporation, drying, and distillation. Mass transfer involves both diffusive and convective transport mechanisms. Diffusion is the movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration to lower concentration down a concentration gradient via random molecular motion. Convection involves the bulk flow of a fluid carrying dissolved or suspended materials. Fick's first law describes the rate of diffusion, while Fick's second law describes how concentration changes over time at a given point for diffusion.
Ideal Batch Reactor
Chemical Reaction Engineering. Ideal Reactors for Single Reaction. Mehran University of Engineering & Technology Jamshoro, PK
Convective mass transfer
This document provides an overview of key concepts in mass transfer and diffusion processes. It discusses Fick's laws of diffusion, various diffusion mechanisms in different materials, and theories of mass transfer including the film theory, penetration theory, and surface renewal theory. It also covers convective mass transfer, turbulent diffusion, and dimensionless numbers that relate heat and mass transfer processes.
Fugacity & fugacity coefficient
Introduction
Concepts of Fugacity
Effect of Temperature & pressure on Fugacity
Important relation of Fugacity Coefficient
Vapour Liquid Equilibrium for pure species
Fugacity & Fugacity coefficient: Species in solution
Reference
Chemical reaction engineering
This document discusses different types of chemical reactors, including plug flow reactors and continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTR). It provides information on their design considerations, advantages, disadvantages, and equations. Plug flow reactors allow minimal back mixing and each particle has the same residence time. CSTRs ensure proper mixing through the use of an impeller and assume perfect mixing. The document also provides examples of design equations for ideal reactors and discusses factors to consider for reactor selection like yield, cost, and safety.
Zone melting
Zone melting is a technique for purification by melt crystallization.
FLOAT ZONE MELTING
developed in the early 1950s at Bell Telephone Laboratories
Ch. 1 matter & meas.
This document provides an overview of matter and measurement in chemistry. It defines chemistry as the study of matter and changes in matter. Matter is defined as anything that has mass and takes up space, and is composed of atoms as building blocks. Compounds are made of two or more different types of elements. The document also discusses states of matter, properties and changes in matter, units of measurement in the International System of Units (SI), and significant figures in measurements and calculations.
Ncert class 11 chapter 1
Chemistry is the study of atoms and molecules and their interactions and transformations. It plays an important role in meeting human needs through products like medicines, foods, and other materials. Chemistry concepts include the three states of matter, mixtures and pure substances, chemical and physical properties, and measurement systems. Key ideas in chemistry are the laws of conservation of mass, definite proportions, and multiple proportions. Chemistry also involves the concepts of atoms, molecules, ions, and chemical reactions.
More Related Content
What's hot
LEACHING CONCEPT, TECHNIQUE AND SINGLE AND MULTISTAGE LEACHING
This document discusses various concepts and techniques related to leaching operations in chemical engineering. It begins with an overview of leaching concepts and steady and unsteady state techniques. Unsteady state techniques discussed include in-place leaching, heap leaching, and a shanks system. Next, the document examines single stage and multistage leaching processes through mass balances and coordinate systems. It concludes with references on leaching and mass transfer operations.
Transport phenomena-Mass Transfer 31-Jul-2016
These slides are designed for a course in Transport Phenomena-Mass Transfer (1 Credit hour) at undergraduate level.
Chemical reaction engineering
Chemical Reaction Engineering (CRE) studies chemical reaction rates and mechanisms and reactor design. It is important for many industries like chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and medicine. The document discusses mole balance equations for batch reactors, continuously stirred-tank reactors (CSTR), plug flow reactors (PFR), and packed bed reactors (PBR). It also covers reaction rates and examples.
Design principles in mass transfer processes
Slides for the eLearning course Separation and purification processes in biorefineries (https://open-learn.xamk.fi) in IMPRESS project (https://www.spire2030.eu/impress).
Section: Mass transfer processes
Subject: 3.1 Design principles
Types of reactor
The document describes different types of reactors used in chemical processes. It discusses batch reactors, continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTR), plug flow reactors, fixed bed reactors, and fluidized bed reactors. For CSTRs, it provides the design equation that relates the reactor volume to the inlet and outlet flow rates of a reactant and the rate of reaction. It also gives an example of using this equation to calculate the volume of a CSTR needed to achieve 80% conversion of a reactant based on given kinetic data.
Space time and Space velocity, CSTR
Chemical Reaction Engineering. Mehran University of Engineering & Technology Jamshoro, PK. Department of Chemical Engineering.
Energy Balance (1).ppt
This document discusses energy balances and their application in chemical processes. It covers the first law of thermodynamics, forms of energy, and the conventions used in energy balances. Equations for enthalpy, mechanical energy, and heat capacity are presented. Methods are described for performing energy balances on systems involving phase changes, chemical reactions, and other processes. Key data sources for thermochemical properties are also listed.
Mass and energy balance
Mass and energy balances must be completed for each piece of equipment before detailed design can begin. A mass balance is done for each unit shown on the process flowsheet, while an energy balance is done over groups of units where energy is transferred between process fluids. Even at the design stage, some flowrates and temperatures may only be estimates. The mass and energy balances will need updating after detailed design is complete. Calculations are included as an appendix and provide details like mass flowrates, compositions, temperatures, pressures, and enthalpy contents of all streams.
Batch Reactor
In this topic we have discussed working principle of a Batch Reactor. We've also discussed its kinetics like its Rate equation, Material and Energy balance. Its Design steps also have been discussed.
Overview of mass transfer mechanisms
Slides for the eLearning course Separation and purification processes in biorefineries (https://open-learn.xamk.fi) in IMPRESS project (https://www.spire2030.eu/impress).
Section: Mass transfer processes
Subject: 2.1 Overview
Mass transfer operations
This document contains lecture slides from Dr. M. Subas Chandra Bose and Mrs. Sabarunisha Begum on the topic of mass transfer operations. It discusses various mass transfer concepts like diffusion, gas absorption principles, and vapor-liquid operations including distillation. The slides provide definitions and examples of different mass transfer processes and operations. They also describe concepts like the transfer unit, differential distillation, flash distillation, and continuous rectification in binary systems.
Feed conditions in distillation column with respect to feed plate and reflux
This document discusses feed conditions in distillation columns with respect to the feed plate and reflux. It defines key terms like distillation, relative volatility, and reflux. It explains that the condition of the feed stream determines the relation between flows above and below the feed plate. The amount of saturated liquid versus vapor in the feed is quantified by a variable q. Feed can be saturated liquid/vapor or a mixture, determining the slope of the q-line. Feed plates help separate mixtures, and more reflux improves separation efficiency, allowing fewer plates for a given separation. Total reflux passes vapor and liquid without product removal, while minimum reflux is the lowest ratio enabling separation with infinite plates.
gas absorption
Gas absorption is a process used to separate gases by contacting a gas mixture with a liquid solvent. The key principles are the solubility of the absorbed gas and the rate of mass transfer as the gas dissolves into the liquid. Absorption is usually carried out counter-currently in vertical columns. The solvent is fed at the top while the gas enters at the bottom, allowing the absorbed substances to be washed out in the downward flowing liquid. Proper selection of solvent considers factors like gas solubility, volatility, cost, and viscosity. Rate of absorption is determined by volumetric mass transfer coefficients, which can be calculated from operating line and equilibrium curve diagrams.
2.2 McCabe-Thiele method
The McCabe-Thiele method is a graphical technique for determining the minimum number of stages required for distillation. It involves plotting the equilibrium relationship between liquid and vapor phases on a diagram and constructing operating lines to represent the mass balances in the rectifying and stripping sections. Intersections between the lines indicate the number of ideal stages. The method was developed in 1925 and remains useful for preliminary column design. Key considerations include the feed composition and enthalpy, reflux ratio, and use of partial condensers or reboilers.
Mass transfer
Mass transfer is the movement of mass from one location to another, such as between phases or components. It occurs through various processes like absorption, evaporation, drying, and distillation. Mass transfer involves both diffusive and convective transport mechanisms. Diffusion is the movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration to lower concentration down a concentration gradient via random molecular motion. Convection involves the bulk flow of a fluid carrying dissolved or suspended materials. Fick's first law describes the rate of diffusion, while Fick's second law describes how concentration changes over time at a given point for diffusion.
Ideal Batch Reactor
Chemical Reaction Engineering. Ideal Reactors for Single Reaction. Mehran University of Engineering & Technology Jamshoro, PK
Convective mass transfer
This document provides an overview of key concepts in mass transfer and diffusion processes. It discusses Fick's laws of diffusion, various diffusion mechanisms in different materials, and theories of mass transfer including the film theory, penetration theory, and surface renewal theory. It also covers convective mass transfer, turbulent diffusion, and dimensionless numbers that relate heat and mass transfer processes.
Fugacity & fugacity coefficient
Introduction
Concepts of Fugacity
Effect of Temperature & pressure on Fugacity
Important relation of Fugacity Coefficient
Vapour Liquid Equilibrium for pure species
Fugacity & Fugacity coefficient: Species in solution
Reference
Chemical reaction engineering
This document discusses different types of chemical reactors, including plug flow reactors and continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTR). It provides information on their design considerations, advantages, disadvantages, and equations. Plug flow reactors allow minimal back mixing and each particle has the same residence time. CSTRs ensure proper mixing through the use of an impeller and assume perfect mixing. The document also provides examples of design equations for ideal reactors and discusses factors to consider for reactor selection like yield, cost, and safety.
Zone melting
Zone melting is a technique for purification by melt crystallization.
FLOAT ZONE MELTING
developed in the early 1950s at Bell Telephone Laboratories
What's hot (20)
LEACHING CONCEPT, TECHNIQUE AND SINGLE AND MULTISTAGE LEACHING
LEACHING CONCEPT, TECHNIQUE AND SINGLE AND MULTISTAGE LEACHING
Feed conditions in distillation column with respect to feed plate and reflux
Feed conditions in distillation column with respect to feed plate and reflux
Similar to Material balance
Ch. 1 matter & meas.
This document provides an overview of matter and measurement in chemistry. It defines chemistry as the study of matter and changes in matter. Matter is defined as anything that has mass and takes up space, and is composed of atoms as building blocks. Compounds are made of two or more different types of elements. The document also discusses states of matter, properties and changes in matter, units of measurement in the International System of Units (SI), and significant figures in measurements and calculations.
Ncert class 11 chapter 1
Chemistry is the study of atoms and molecules and their interactions and transformations. It plays an important role in meeting human needs through products like medicines, foods, and other materials. Chemistry concepts include the three states of matter, mixtures and pure substances, chemical and physical properties, and measurement systems. Key ideas in chemistry are the laws of conservation of mass, definite proportions, and multiple proportions. Chemistry also involves the concepts of atoms, molecules, ions, and chemical reactions.
Chapter 1: Matter and Energy
This document provides information on studying chemistry, the scientific method, matter and energy, and properties of matter. It discusses key concepts like the definition of chemistry, states of matter, elements and compounds, physical and chemical properties, and measurement and units. Guidelines are given for significant figures and accuracy/precision in measurements. The scientific method and concepts of hypothesis, theory and law are explained.
Gen chem topic 1 guobi
This document provides an overview of a general chemistry course, including an outline of topics to be covered in each chapter. The first chapter focuses on matter and measurement, defining chemistry as the study of matter and its changes. It describes the basic units of matter, the differences between elements, compounds and mixtures, and various physical and chemical properties. Key measurement concepts covered include units of the International System (SI) of units, volume, temperature, density, and the principles of accuracy, precision and significant figures in scientific measurements. Separation techniques for mixtures such as filtration, distillation and chromatography are also mentioned.
Chapter 1 typed.pptx
This document provides an introduction to general chemistry, including why chemistry is studied, its central role in understanding matter, and learning goals for the course. Chemistry involves understanding the properties and behavior of matter, which exists as elements, compounds, and mixtures. The three states of matter - solid, liquid, and gas - are classified based on molecular motion and energy. Physical and chemical properties help characterize different types of pure substances and mixtures. Changes in matter can involve physical changes of state or chemical reactions that alter chemical identity. Energy also plays a key role in these transformations.
Introduction
Chemistry is the study of matter and its composition, properties, and the changes it undergoes. There are several key points:
1) Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space, and can be either a pure substance or a mixture.
2) Chemical and physical properties are used to identify substances. Chemical properties involve changes in composition while physical properties do not.
3) Energy drives all chemical and physical changes. It is transferred and transformed during reactions but cannot be created or destroyed. Exothermic reactions release energy while endothermic reactions absorb energy.
ppt-kimia-anorganik-i-atom-dan-unsur.ppt
The document discusses atoms and elements. It defines key concepts like atoms, elements, compounds, mixtures, isotopes and subatomic particles. It explains Dalton's atomic theory and how it led to the concept of atomic mass and mass spectrometry. The periodic table is introduced as a way to organize and classify elements based on their atomic structure of protons, neutrons and electrons. Elements are classified as metals, nonmetals and metalloids based on their physical properties.
Properties and Structure of Matter.pdf
The document discusses the key concepts around the properties and structure of matter. It defines matter as anything that has mass and takes up space. Matter exists in three physical states - solid, liquid, and gas - which are determined by factors like particle arrangement, energy, and distance between particles. Properties of matter include physical properties, which can be observed without changing the substance's identity or composition, and chemical properties, which involve changes in composition during a chemical reaction. Mixtures, elements, and compounds are the main classifications of matter. Various techniques can be used to separate mixtures based on the phases and properties of their components, such as filtration, evaporation, distillation, and chromatography.
Chemistry review
Matter and energy are the fundamental building blocks of chemistry. The periodic table organizes elements based on atomic structure and properties to help understand relationships between different types of matter. Physical changes alter a substance's state without changing its chemical makeup, while chemical changes form new substances through atomic rearrangements. Scientific models are used to represent unobservable phenomena and further our understanding of how matter behaves.
Equilibrium _ Reaction Rates.pptx
The document discusses reversible reactions and chemical equilibrium, describing how reversible reactions reach a point where the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal and the amounts of reactants and products no longer change. It explains that at equilibrium, the rates of products forming and reactants reforming in a short period of time are equal. Various factors that can impact the rate of chemical reactions, such as temperature, concentration, particle size, and use of catalysts, are also covered.
Section 3
The document discusses physical and chemical changes in matter. A physical change alters the form or appearance of a substance but does not change its chemical composition, while a chemical change produces new substances. The law of conservation of mass states that matter is neither created nor destroyed during physical and chemical changes. Changes in matter are also accompanied by changes in thermal energy, with endothermic processes absorbing energy and exothermic processes releasing energy.
Third quarter review
The document reviews key concepts for the third quarter assessment including the scientific method, bonding, naming compounds and ions, mixtures, the mole, energy diagrams, phases of matter, reaction rates, and gas laws. It provides examples and explanations of important terms and concepts to help students prepare.
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (PRE-BOARD REVIEW 2014)
This document provides an overview of organic chemistry and organic medicinal chemistry. It discusses general chemistry topics including the definition of chemistry, classification of matter, physical and chemical properties, and acid-base properties. It also covers organic chemistry topics such as the difference between inorganic and organic chemistry, functional groups, isomerism, and reactions. The document is intended to serve as a refresher course on these fundamental concepts.
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY COMPLETE (PRE-BOARD REVIEW 2014)
This document provides an overview of organic chemistry and organic medicinal chemistry concepts. It discusses the definition of chemistry and its role in modern life, including biological molecules, biochemical processes, and drug discovery. It covers classification of matter into elements, compounds, mixtures and pure substances. It also describes physical and chemical properties and changes, as well as measurement units, temperature, volume, mass, precision, accuracy, and significant figures. The document serves as a refresher for these fundamental chemistry concepts relevant to organic chemistry and drug development.
Phases of matter.pptx
This document discusses the three phases of matter: solid, liquid, and gas. It describes the key properties of each phase - solids have a definite shape and volume, liquids take the shape of their container but have a definite volume, and gases can vary in volume and shape. It then presents two activities where learners must identify examples of each phase and sort them into a table.
intro.ppt
Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes it undergoes. Matter exists in solid, liquid, and gas states. Chemistry can be divided into organic, inorganic, physical, analytical, and biochemistry. Pure chemistry pursues knowledge, while applied chemistry has practical goals like nylon and aspirin. Chemists use the scientific method and consider variables to understand matter and changes. Elements cannot be broken down further, while compounds contain two or more elements. Mixtures can be homogeneous, with uniform composition, or heterogeneous. Chemical changes alter composition, while physical changes do not.
introduccion mia de la quimica basica en el hogar.ppt
Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes that matter undergoes. There are several branches of chemistry including organic, inorganic, biochemistry, analytical, physical, and theoretical chemistry. Chemists use the scientific method to study matter and chemical reactions. Matter exists in three main states - solids, liquids, and gases. Chemical and physical changes alter matter in different ways. Elements are the simplest forms of matter and cannot be broken down further, while compounds contain two or more elements chemically bonded together. Mixtures contain two or more substances that are not chemically combined. Separation techniques can be used to distinguish mixtures from pure substances.
The Basic chemistry 101
The Basic Chemistry provides learners the fundamental concept in understanding the subject matter, including matter, its states and classification, mixture, its classification and methods of separations.
Types of Chemical Reactions.ppt
This document provides instructions and information for students about an upcoming chemistry unit. It includes directions for a modeling assignment, notes on different types of chemical reactions and how to control reaction rates, practice problems and answers, and links to video resources. Students are asked to read sections from their textbook, complete homework due on Wednesday, and study for a quiz on Thursday.
Types of Chemical Reactions.ppt
a presentation about types of chemical reaction for class 10th u s s s s sssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss gggggggggggggggggggggggggggg g gg v vv c cccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc
Similar to Material balance (20)
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY COMPLETE (PRE-BOARD REVIEW 2014)
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY COMPLETE (PRE-BOARD REVIEW 2014)
introduccion mia de la quimica basica en el hogar.ppt
introduccion mia de la quimica basica en el hogar.ppt
More from Bahauddin Zakariya University lahore
Biogeochemical cycles
The document discusses several biogeochemical cycles including the water, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur cycles. It provides details on the reservoirs, assimilation, and release stages of each cycle. For example, it notes that the water cycle involves evaporation and precipitation moving water between oceans, air, groundwater, lakes, and glaciers. Plants absorb water from the ground and animals drink or eat plants, while transpiration and excretion release water back. The carbon cycle describes photosynthesis fixing carbon from the air and respiration releasing it, and the nitrogen cycle involves nitrogen fixation, nitrification, and denitrification moving nitrogen between air, soil, plants, and animals.
Transplants , eugenics and their issues
Transplants and eugenics raise complex ethical issues. Transplants require lifelong immunosuppressant drugs and organ shortages remain an issue. Eugenics aims to improve genetics but has been discredited due to flawed science and links to atrocities. While genetic screening now focuses on counseling rather than control, debates continue on prenatal testing, genetic engineering, and enhancing traits.
Therapeutic hormones
This document discusses various therapeutic hormones including insulin, growth hormone, gonadotrophins, thyroid stimulating hormone, parathyroid hormone, and calcitonin. It provides details on their structure, function, production, formulations, and medical applications. Key points include: insulin is produced in the pancreas and regulates blood glucose; growth hormone stimulates growth; gonadotrophins like FSH and LH regulate reproduction; recombinant DNA technology is now used to produce many therapeutic hormones which has improved safety over extracts from animal tissues. These hormones are administered to treat various endocrine disorders and fertility issues.
Nucleic acid-and-cell-based-therapies
Nucleic acid and cell based therapies involve gene therapy and cell therapy. Gene therapy aims to introduce new genes into cells to treat genetic diseases by replacing defective genes. Early gene therapy trials focused on ex vivo and in vivo approaches. Viral vectors like retroviruses were primarily used but posed safety risks. Non-viral methods using naked DNA or vectors like liposomes were developed. Diseases targeted include cancer, genetic disorders, and AIDS. Antisense oligonucleotides can bind mRNA and inhibit gene expression. RNA interference uses short interfering RNAs to induce sequence-specific gene silencing. Ribozymes and aptamers also provide nucleic acid based therapeutic approaches.
Antibodies, vaccines, adjuvents
This document discusses antibodies, vaccines, and adjuvants. It provides information on monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, how they are produced, and their applications. It also discusses vaccines, including how traditional vaccines are prepared and different vaccine categories. Specific topics covered include hepatitis B vaccines, the impact of genetic engineering on vaccines, peptide vaccines, vaccine vectors, AIDS vaccine development and challenges.
DNA extraction for_fungi
This document provides instructions for extracting DNA from fungi. The process involves:
1) Collecting fungal mycelia and placing it in extraction buffer or isopropanol.
2) Pulverizing the mycelia in the buffer using a machine.
3) Centrifuging the cell lysate to separate debris from supernatant, which is then mixed with isopropanol.
4) Centrifuging again and discarding the supernatant to isolate DNA in pellet form, which is then dissolved in water.
Dna sequencing techniques
DNA sequencing involves determining the order of nucleotides in a DNA molecule. There are several methods for DNA sequencing, including Sanger sequencing using chain termination with dideoxynucleotides, Maxam-Gilbert chemical sequencing, shotgun sequencing by fragmenting DNA into random pieces, and newer next-generation sequencing technologies like Illumina sequencing and Ion Torrent sequencing that are faster and cheaper. Understanding DNA sequences can provide insight into genetic conditions and diseases and has applications in medicine, agriculture, and forensics.
Basics of DNA & RNA (Nucleic acid)
DNA sequencing involves analyzing the order of nucleotides in DNA. There are two types of nucleic acids: DNA and RNA. DNA is found in the nucleus and the amount is constant in somatic cells but half in gametes. Nucleotides are the subunits of DNA and RNA and contain a phosphate group, a sugar (ribose or deoxyribose), and a nitrogenous base. A nucleoside contains a sugar and base while a nucleotide additionally contains a phosphate group. The structures of nucleotides involve the phosphate group bonding to the sugar, the sugar-phosphate backbone formed by phosphodiester linkages between sugars, and various nitrogenous bases including purines and pyrimidines bonding to the sugar.
How to-compost
This document provides instructions and guidelines for small batch composting using enclosed compost bins. It defines compost and explains why composting is beneficial. It discusses key factors for effective composting such as achieving the proper carbon to nitrogen ratio, maintaining appropriate moisture levels and aerating the compost to introduce oxygen. Specific instructions are provided on assembling composting recipes using a variety of organic materials and maintaining proper conditions for microorganisms to break down the materials into finished compost.
Bireactors
This document provides an assignment on bioreactors submitted by 7 students. It includes an introduction to bioreactors, examples of bioreactor types, design considerations, operating principles, and analysis of bioreactors. The main body describes various bioreactor types including continuous stirred tank, bubble column, airlift, tower, fluidized bed, and packed bed bioreactors. It also covers batch, fed-batch and continuous operation modes and analyzing measurable parameters, products, and applications of bioreactors.
The composting process
This document summarizes the composting process. It describes how microorganisms decompose organic materials through aerobic respiration, generating heat and reducing the volume and mass. The key factors that affect composting are then outlined as oxygen and aeration, carbon to nitrogen ratio, moisture, particle size, temperature, and time. Optimal conditions for each factor are provided. The document concludes by describing the curing stage and explaining how compost improves soil quality more than providing nutrients.
Flocculation
Flocculation is a downstream processing technique used to aggregate microorganisms or particles into larger clusters to facilitate separation. It involves the addition of flocculating agents like polymers or multivalent metal salts which use ionic or hydrogen bonding to bridge between particles, forming flocs. The rate of flocculation depends on factors like collision probability, attachment probability during collisions, and detachment probability of particles from aggregates. Larger flocs are easier to separate through processes like centrifugation or filtration. Key factors influencing flocculation include polymer type, pH, solids concentration, and molecular weight.
Evaporation & crystalization
Evaporation is an oldest method of concentration that involves boiling a solution and removing the vapor, leaving behind a concentrated liquid residue. The rate of vaporization depends on diffusion through boundary layers above the liquid. Evaporators are equipment used to evaporate water or other volatile solvents from solutions, concentrating non-volatile solutes. Basic evaporator parts include a heat exchanger, vacuum system, vapor separator, and condenser. Common types are natural circulation, forced circulation, and film evaporators. Multiple effect evaporation improves efficiency by reusing heat from one evaporator in subsequent evaporators. Evaporation has wide applications in pharmaceuticals, food processing, and other industries.
Electrophoresis and electrodialysis_yansee_maria_jiaxuan
Electrophoresis and electrodialysis are separation methods that use electric fields to separate charged particles. Electrophoresis separates molecules like proteins and DNA based on size and charge by applying a current through a gel, causing different sized molecules to migrate at different speeds. Electrodialysis uses ion exchange membranes and an electric current to separate ions from water and concentrate or purify products. Both methods have been used in bioprocessing for tasks like verifying recombinant DNA, ensuring purity of protein products, and recovering organic acids from fermentation. While similar in using electricity, electrophoresis identifies molecules, while electrodialysis purifies and concentrates on a larger scale.
Drying process
Drying is an essential process that involves transferring heat to remove moisture from wet products. Common drying methods include vacuum tray drying, freeze drying, rotary drum drying, spray drying, and pneumatic conveyor drying. Vacuum tray drying works by removing moisture through a vacuum, while spray drying uses nozzles to spray liquid droplets into a heated gas stream to evaporate water. Freeze drying preserves biological activity by freezing and then applying a vacuum to directly sublimate ice. Rotary drum dryers use a heated, rotating cylinder to dry materials, and pneumatic conveyor dryers suspend particles in a heated air stream to dry reasonably solid feeds.
Coagulation flocculation and_precipitation
This document discusses coagulation, flocculation, and precipitation techniques used in downstream processing of fermentation broths. Coagulation and flocculation are used for solid-liquid separation, with coagulation rapidly destabilizing particles and flocculation increasing particle size for easier sedimentation. Precipitation is used later in purification and can concentrate or fractionate products by changing conditions like pH or adding salts/solvents to reduce solubility. Controlling these techniques is important for efficient downstream processing and product isolation from fermentation broths.
Chromatography
Paper chromatography is a simple type of chromatography that separates colored chemicals or substances based on their partitioning between a stationary phase, such as paper, and a mobile phase, such as a solvent. It works on the principles of partition chromatography, where the paper acts as an absorbent stationary phase, and adsorption chromatography, where moisture in the paper acts as the stationary phase. Compounds are separated based on how strongly they interact with and bind to the stationary phase, with less strongly bound compounds moving faster and farther up the paper. Paper chromatography is useful for identifying unknown mixtures of compounds.
Chromatography types
This document discusses different chromatography techniques. It defines chromatography as a physical separation method that separates components of a mixture based on differences in how they interact with and distribute between a stationary and mobile phase. It then provides examples of uses for chromatography in pharmaceutical companies, hospitals, and other industries. Key terms related to chromatography are defined. Different types of chromatography are described, including liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, paper chromatography, and thin-layer chromatography. The document also discusses size exclusion chromatography and thin-layer chromatography in more detail.
Chap9 downstream processing
The document discusses downstream processing in biotechnology. It describes the key stages of downstream processing as solid-liquid separation, concentration, purification and formulation. Solid-liquid separation techniques discussed include centrifugation, filtration and membrane filtration. Concentration techniques include evaporation, liquid-liquid extraction, aqueous two-phase systems and membrane filtration. Membrane filtration techniques like microfiltration, ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis are described for concentration and purification. Disruption methods for releasing intracellular products include mechanical, chemical and enzymatic methods.
Centrifuges
Centrifuges use centrifugal force generated by high-speed rotation to separate solids from liquids. There are several types of centrifuges including sedimentation units, filtration units, tubular-bowl centrifuges, continuous decanter centrifuges, self-opening centrifuges, multi-chamber centrifuges, and disk centrifuges. Centrifuges are used widely in industries such as food processing, pharmaceuticals, chemicals and ethanol production to separate and purify mixtures.
More from Bahauddin Zakariya University lahore (20)
Electrophoresis and electrodialysis_yansee_maria_jiaxuan
Electrophoresis and electrodialysis_yansee_maria_jiaxuan
Recently uploaded
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA Connect
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 5
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 5. In this session, we will cover CI/CD with devops.
Topics covered:
CI/CD with in UiPath
End-to-end overview of CI/CD pipeline with Azure devops
Speaker:
Lyndsey Byblow, Test Suite Sales Engineer @ UiPath, Inc.
Observability Concepts EVERY Developer Should Know -- DeveloperWeek Europe.pdf
Monitoring and observability aren’t traditionally found in software curriculums and many of us cobble this knowledge together from whatever vendor or ecosystem we were first introduced to and whatever is a part of your current company’s observability stack.
While the dev and ops silo continues to crumble….many organizations still relegate monitoring & observability as the purview of ops, infra and SRE teams. This is a mistake - achieving a highly observable system requires collaboration up and down the stack.
I, a former op, would like to extend an invitation to all application developers to join the observability party will share these foundational concepts to build on:
Unlock the Future of Search with MongoDB Atlas_ Vector Search Unleashed.pdf
Discover how MongoDB Atlas and vector search technology can revolutionize your application's search capabilities. This comprehensive presentation covers:
* What is Vector Search?
* Importance and benefits of vector search
* Practical use cases across various industries
* Step-by-step implementation guide
* Live demos with code snippets
* Enhancing LLM capabilities with vector search
* Best practices and optimization strategies
Perfect for developers, AI enthusiasts, and tech leaders. Learn how to leverage MongoDB Atlas to deliver highly relevant, context-aware search results, transforming your data retrieval process. Stay ahead in tech innovation and maximize the potential of your applications.
#MongoDB #VectorSearch #AI #SemanticSearch #TechInnovation #DataScience #LLM #MachineLearning #SearchTechnology
“I’m still / I’m still / Chaining from the Block”
“An Outlook of the Ongoing and Future Relationship between Blockchain Technologies and Process-aware Information Systems.” Invited talk at the joint workshop on Blockchain for Information Systems (BC4IS) and Blockchain for Trusted Data Sharing (B4TDS), co-located with with the 36th International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE), 3 June 2024, Limassol, Cyprus.
GraphSummit Singapore | Enhancing Changi Airport Group's Passenger Experience...
Dr. Sean Tan, Head of Data Science, Changi Airport Group
Discover how Changi Airport Group (CAG) leverages graph technologies and generative AI to revolutionize their search capabilities. This session delves into the unique search needs of CAG’s diverse passengers and customers, showcasing how graph data structures enhance the accuracy and relevance of AI-generated search results, mitigating the risk of “hallucinations” and improving the overall customer journey.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 6. In this session, we will cover Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI webinar offers an in-depth exploration of leveraging cutting-edge technologies for test automation within the UiPath platform. Attendees will delve into the integration of generative AI, a test automation solution, with Open AI advanced natural language processing capabilities.
Throughout the session, participants will discover how this synergy empowers testers to automate repetitive tasks, enhance testing accuracy, and expedite the software testing life cycle. Topics covered include the seamless integration process, practical use cases, and the benefits of harnessing AI-driven automation for UiPath testing initiatives. By attending this webinar, testers, and automation professionals can gain valuable insights into harnessing the power of AI to optimize their test automation workflows within the UiPath ecosystem, ultimately driving efficiency and quality in software development processes.
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into integrating generative AI.
2. Understanding how this integration enhances test automation within the UiPath platform
3. Practical demonstrations
4. Exploration of real-world use cases illustrating the benefits of AI-driven test automation for UiPath
Topics covered:
What is generative AI
Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath integration with generative AI
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: The WebAuthn API and Discoverable Credentials.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Mind map of terminologies used in context of Generative AI
Mind map of common terms used in context of Generative AI.
Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FME
In this second installment of our Essentials of Automations webinar series, we’ll explore the landscape of triggers and actions, guiding you through the nuances of authoring and adapting workspaces for seamless automations. Gain an understanding of the full spectrum of triggers and actions available in FME, empowering you to enhance your workspaces for efficient automation.
We’ll kick things off by showcasing the most commonly used event-based triggers, introducing you to various automation workflows like manual triggers, schedules, directory watchers, and more. Plus, see how these elements play out in real scenarios.
Whether you’re tweaking your current setup or building from the ground up, this session will arm you with the tools and insights needed to transform your FME usage into a powerhouse of productivity. Join us to discover effective strategies that simplify complex processes, enhancing your productivity and transforming your data management practices with FME. Let’s turn complexity into clarity and make your workspaces work wonders!
GraphSummit Singapore | Neo4j Product Vision & Roadmap - Q2 2024
Maruthi Prithivirajan, Head of ASEAN & IN Solution Architecture, Neo4j
Get an inside look at the latest Neo4j innovations that enable relationship-driven intelligence at scale. Learn more about the newest cloud integrations and product enhancements that make Neo4j an essential choice for developers building apps with interconnected data and generative AI.
GridMate - End to end testing is a critical piece to ensure quality and avoid...
End to end testing is a critical piece to ensure quality and avoid regressions. In this session, we share our journey building an E2E testing pipeline for GridMate components (LWC and Aura) using Cypress, JSForce, FakerJS…
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
Full-RAG: A modern architecture for hyper-personalization
Mike Del Balso, CEO & Co-Founder at Tecton, presents "Full RAG," a novel approach to AI recommendation systems, aiming to push beyond the limitations of traditional models through a deep integration of contextual insights and real-time data, leveraging the Retrieval-Augmented Generation architecture. This talk will outline Full RAG's potential to significantly enhance personalization, address engineering challenges such as data management and model training, and introduce data enrichment with reranking as a key solution. Attendees will gain crucial insights into the importance of hyperpersonalization in AI, the capabilities of Full RAG for advanced personalization, and strategies for managing complex data integrations for deploying cutting-edge AI solutions.
Large Language Model (LLM) and it’s Geospatial Applications
Large Language Model (LLM) and it’s Geospatial Applications.
Artificial Intelligence for XMLDevelopment
In the rapidly evolving landscape of technologies, XML continues to play a vital role in structuring, storing, and transporting data across diverse systems. The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present new methodologies for enhancing XML development workflows, introducing efficiency, automation, and intelligent capabilities. This presentation will outline the scope and perspective of utilizing AI in XML development. The potential benefits and the possible pitfalls will be highlighted, providing a balanced view of the subject.
We will explore the capabilities of AI in understanding XML markup languages and autonomously creating structured XML content. Additionally, we will examine the capacity of AI to enrich plain text with appropriate XML markup. Practical examples and methodological guidelines will be provided to elucidate how AI can be effectively prompted to interpret and generate accurate XML markup.
Further emphasis will be placed on the role of AI in developing XSLT, or schemas such as XSD and Schematron. We will address the techniques and strategies adopted to create prompts for generating code, explaining code, or refactoring the code, and the results achieved.
The discussion will extend to how AI can be used to transform XML content. In particular, the focus will be on the use of AI XPath extension functions in XSLT, Schematron, Schematron Quick Fixes, or for XML content refactoring.
The presentation aims to deliver a comprehensive overview of AI usage in XML development, providing attendees with the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions. Whether you’re at the early stages of adopting AI or considering integrating it in advanced XML development, this presentation will cover all levels of expertise.
By highlighting the potential advantages and challenges of integrating AI with XML development tools and languages, the presentation seeks to inspire thoughtful conversation around the future of XML development. We’ll not only delve into the technical aspects of AI-powered XML development but also discuss practical implications and possible future directions.
Elizabeth Buie - Older adults: Are we really designing for our future selves?
Elizabeth Buie - Older adults: Are we really designing for our future selves?
Recently uploaded (20)
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 5
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 5
Observability Concepts EVERY Developer Should Know -- DeveloperWeek Europe.pdf
Observability Concepts EVERY Developer Should Know -- DeveloperWeek Europe.pdf
Unlock the Future of Search with MongoDB Atlas_ Vector Search Unleashed.pdf
Unlock the Future of Search with MongoDB Atlas_ Vector Search Unleashed.pdf
GraphSummit Singapore | Enhancing Changi Airport Group's Passenger Experience...
GraphSummit Singapore | Enhancing Changi Airport Group's Passenger Experience...
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: The WebAuthn API and Discoverable Credentials.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: The WebAuthn API and Discoverable Credentials.pdf
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...
Monitoring Java Application Security with JDK Tools and JFR Events
Monitoring Java Application Security with JDK Tools and JFR Events
Mind map of terminologies used in context of Generative AI
Mind map of terminologies used in context of Generative AI
Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FME
Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FME
GraphSummit Singapore | Neo4j Product Vision & Roadmap - Q2 2024
GraphSummit Singapore | Neo4j Product Vision & Roadmap - Q2 2024
GridMate - End to end testing is a critical piece to ensure quality and avoid...
GridMate - End to end testing is a critical piece to ensure quality and avoid...
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !
Full-RAG: A modern architecture for hyper-personalization
Full-RAG: A modern architecture for hyper-personalization
Large Language Model (LLM) and it’s Geospatial Applications
Large Language Model (LLM) and it’s Geospatial Applications
Elizabeth Buie - Older adults: Are we really designing for our future selves?
Elizabeth Buie - Older adults: Are we really designing for our future selves?
Material balance
- 2. Review of the knowledge Answer from students • Define Matter ? • What are different forms of matter?
- 3. Definitions • Matter is any thing which can occupy some space and have mass. • Quantity of matter in a substance is determined by its mass (Kilogram etc) • Different forms of matter are solids , liquid, gas.
- 4. Law of Conservation of Mass • Mass can neither be created nor destroyed, However it can be converted from one form into another.
- 5. Mass in = Mass Out • Material Balance is the balancing on all materials which are added to a reactor and all materials which are evolved/emitted. REACTOR Mass In Mass OUT
- 6. • In a reaction Material added to a reactor and is either converted into a product, waste, by product or accumulated in the reactor. • Therefor this can be written in the form of equation as follows • Mass of Reactants = Mass accumulated + Mass as By product + Mass as Waste + Mass of product
- 7. • If no material is wasted then • Mass of Feed = Mass of Product • F = P REACTOR Feed F Product P
- 8. • For the Figure below • Feed F = Product P + Waste W • F=P+W REACTOR Feed F Product P WASTE
- 10. Question 1 • Consider a reactor, in which 300 Kilograms of a medicine is produced from 400 Kilograms of raw materials, Calculate the waste from the reactor. Answer :Feed = 400Kg, Product= 300 kg, Waste = ? • F = P+W • 400 = 300 + W • W = 400-300 = 100 • So Answer = waste is 100 kilograms
- 11. Question no 2 • By products from a reaction as of above question weighs equal to 45 kilogram, Find the waste, all other quantities are same. • Answer: F=400, P=300, BP=45, W=? • F=W+P+BP • W=F-P-BP