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Lymphatic System
- 2. Which of the following are lymphoid organs or tissues? Spleen Tonsils Thymus Thyroid
- 3. Which of the following are lymphoid organs or tissues? Spleen Tonsils Thymus Thyroid
- 4. What is the role of the lymphatic system? Filter and cleanse venous blood before it returns to the heart Collect, filter, and return fluid that has diffused into tissues back into the bloodstream Produce and store cells of the immune systems
- 5. What is the role of the lymphatic system? Filter and cleanse venous blood before it returns to the heart Collect, filter, and return fluid that has diffused into tissues back into the bloodstream Produce and store cells of the immune systems
- 6. What are the components of the lymphatic system? Lymphatic vessels Lymph fluid Lymph nodes Lymphoid organs/tissues All of these
- 7. What are the components of the lymphatic system? Lymphatic vessels Lymph fluid Lymph nodes Lymphoid organs/tissues All of these
- 8. Once fluid enters the lymphatic vessels, it is called: Interstitial fluid Extracellular fluid Plasma Lymph
- 9. Once fluid enters the lymphatic vessels, it is called: Interstitial fluid Extracellular fluid Plasma Lymph
- 10. The lymphatic vessels form a ____ way system, blood flows ______. Two way, to and from the heart One way, to the spleen Two way, to and from the spleen One way, to the heart
- 11. The lymphatic vessels form a ____ way system, blood flows ______. Two way, to and from the heart One way, to the spleen Two way, to and from the spleen One way, to the heart
- 12. Lymphatic capillaries are found in what type of tissue? Epithelial tissue Muscle Loose connective tissue Reticular connective tissue
- 13. Lymphatic capillaries are found in what type of tissue? Epithelial tissue Muscle Loose connective tissue Reticular connective tissue
- 14. What adaptations make lymphatic capillaries highly permeable? Adjacent cells overlap to form valves Collagen filaments anchoring the lymphatic capillaries prevent capillary collapse when hydrostatic pressure rises in the interstitial space When fluid pressure in the interstitial space exceeds hydrostatic pressure in the lymphatic capillary, the valves open All of these are true
- 15. What adaptations make lymphatic capillaries highly permeable? Adjacent cells overlap to form valves Collagen filaments anchoring the lymphatic capillaries prevent capillary collapse when hydrostatic pressure rises in the interstitial space When fluid pressure in the interstitial space exceeds hydrostatic pressure in the lymphatic capillary, the valves open All of these are true
- 16. Lacteals are lymphatic capillaries found in the ___, and named for______: Breast, the fact that they drain left over breast milk for recycling Small intestine, the white, fatty fluid called chyle that transports milk proteins to the blood Small intestine, the fact that they ferry dairy proteins to the venous blood Small intestine, the white, fatty fluid called chyle that transports fat to the bloodstream
- 17. Lacteals are lymphatic capillaries found in the ___, and named for______: Breast, the fact that they drain left over breast milk for recycling Small intestine, the white, fatty fluid called chyle that transports milk proteins to the blood Small intestine, the fact that they ferry dairy proteins to the venous blood Small intestine, the white, fatty fluid called chyle that transports fat to the bloodstream
- 18. Lymphatic vessels in the skin travel along with ____, while lymphatic vessels in the trunk and viscera travel with_____. Arteries, veins Veins, arteries
- 19. Lymphatic vessels in the skin travel along with ____, while lymphatic vessels in the trunk and viscera travel with_____. Arteries, veins Veins, arteries
- 20. What are the major lymphatic trunks? Lumbar Bronchomediastinal Subclavian Brachial Jugular Intestinal Inguinal
- 21. What are the major lymphatic trunks? Lumbar Bronchomediastinal Subclavian Brachial Jugular Intestinal Inguinal
- 22. The right lymphatic duct drains lymph from: The right arm, and right side of the head and thorax The right side of the body The right side of the abdomen and the right leg The right side of the thorax and abdomen
- 23. The right lymphatic duct drains lymph from: The right arm, and right side of the head and thorax The right side of the body The right side of the abdomen and the right leg The right side of the thorax and abdomen
- 24. The thoracic duct drains lymph from: The thoracic cavity The thoracic cavity and the abdomen The thoracic cavity, head, and neck The left side of the head, thorax and left arm The entire abdomen, both legs, the left side of the thorax and head, and the left arm
- 25. The thoracic duct drains lymph from: The thoracic cavity The thoracic cavity and the abdomen The thoracic cavity, head, and neck The left side of the head, thorax and left arm The entire abdomen, both legs, the left side of the thorax and head, and the left arm
- 26. Where do the lymphatic ducts empty into the venous circulation? At the cisterna chyli (on their respective side of the body) At the junction of the internal jugular vein and the subclavian vein on their respective side of the body At the junction of the coronary sinus and the right atrium
- 27. Where do the lymphatic ducts empty into the venous circulation? At the cisterna chyli (on their respective side of the body) At the junction of the internal jugular vein and the subclavian vein on their respective side of the body At the junction of the coronary sinus and the right atrium
- 28. Lymphatic vessels also return leaked proteins to the bloodstream. True False
- 29. Lymphatic vessels also return leaked proteins to the bloodstream. True False
- 30. What promotes movement of lymph through lymphatic vessels? The “milking” action of skeletal muscles Changes in thoracic pressure during ventilation Pulsations of nearby arteries Peristalsis of smooth muscle in the tunica of lymphatic vessels All of these
- 31. What promotes movement of lymph through lymphatic vessels? The “milking” action of skeletal muscles Changes in thoracic pressure during ventilation Pulsations of nearby arteries Peristalsis of smooth muscle in the tunica of lymphatic vessels All of these
- 32. The activated form of these cells manages the adaptive immune response, and some destroy infected cells: B-Cells Macrophages T-Cells Reticular cells Dendritic cells Plasma cells
- 33. The activated form of these cells manages the adaptive immune response, and some destroy infected cells: B-Cells Macrophages T-Cells Reticular cells Dendritic cells Plasma cells
- 34. These cells secrete antibodies into the blood to mark antigens for destruction: B-Cells Macrophages T-Cells Reticular cells Dendritic cells Plasma cells
- 35. These cells secrete antibodies into the blood to mark antigens for destruction: B-Cells Macrophages T-Cells Reticular cells Dendritic cells Plasma cells
- 36. These cells help to activate T cells and phagocytize pathogens: B-Cells Macrophages T-Cells Reticular cells Dendritic cells Plasma cells
- 37. These cells help to activate T cells and phagocytize pathogens: B-Cells Macrophages T-Cells Reticular cells Dendritic cells Plasma cells
- 38. These lymphocytes, formed in the bone marrow, give rise to plasma cells: B-Cells Macrophages T-Cells Reticular cells Dendritic cells Plasma cells
- 39. These lymphocytes , formed in the bone marrow, give rise to plasma cells: B-Cells Macrophages T-Cells Reticular cells Dendritic cells Plasma cells
- 40. These spiny cells capture antigens and bring them to the lymph nodes: B-Cells Macrophages T-Cells Reticular cells Dendritic cells Plasma cells
- 41. These spiny cells capture antigens and bring them to the lymph nodes: B-Cells Macrophages T-Cells Reticular cells Dendritic cells Plasma cells
- 42. These cells produce the stroma of the lymphoid organs: B-Cells Macrophages T-Cells Reticular cells Dendritic cells Plasma cells
- 43. These cells produce the stroma of the lymphoid organs: B-Cells Macrophages T-Cells Reticular cells Dendritic cells Plasma cells
- 44. This loose connective tissue predominates in all lymphoid organs except the thymus: Reticular connective tissue Diffuse lymphoid tissue Lymphoid nodules/follicles Germinal centers
- 45. This loose connective tissue predominates in all lymphoid organs except the thymus: Reticular connective tissue Diffuse lymphoid tissue Lymphoid nodules/follicles Germinal centers
- 46. These are tightly packed spherical bodies of lymphoid cells and reticular fibers: Reticular connective tissue Diffuse lymphoid tissue Lymphoid nodules/follicles Germinal centers
- 47. These are tightly packed spherical bodies of lymphoid cells and reticular fibers: Reticular connective tissue Diffuse lymphoid tissue Lymphoid nodules/follicles Germinal centers
- 48. This loose arrangement of lymphoid cells and reticular fibers is found in every body organ: Reticular connective tissue Diffuse lymphoid tissue Lymphoid nodules/follicles Germinal centers
- 49. This loose arrangement of lymphoid cells and reticular fibers is found in every body organ: Reticular connective tissue Diffuse lymphoid tissue Lymphoid nodules/follicles Germinal centers
- 50. These clusters of proliferating B cells can be found in lymph nodes and in the intestinal wall: Reticular connective tissue Diffuse lymphoid tissue Lymphoid nodules/follicles Germinal centers
- 51. These clusters of proliferating B cells can be found in lymph nodes and in the intestinal wall: Reticular connective tissue Diffuse lymphoid tissue Lymphoid nodules/follicles Germinal centers
- 52. The primary lymphoid organs, where B and T cells mature: Red bone marrow Lymph nodes Thymus Spleen Tonsils, Peyer’s Patches, Appendix (MALT)
- 53. The primary lymphoid organs, where B and T cells mature: Red bone marrow Lymph nodes Thymus Spleen Tonsils, Peyer’s Patches, Appendix (MALT)
- 54. The secondary lymphoid organs, where mature lymphocytes encounter antigens and get activated: Red bone marrow Lymph nodes Thymus Spleen Tonsils, Peyer’s Patches, Appendix (MALT)
- 55. The secondary lymphoid organs, where mature lymphocytes encounter antigens and get activated: Red bone marrow Lymph nodes Thymus Spleen Tonsils, Peyer’s Patches, Appendix (MALT)
- 56. Which of the following statements about lymph nodes are correct? Lymph is filtered in the nodes by macrophages destroying pathogens and debris. Lymph nodes are located in areas where pathogens are likely to enter the body, such as the mouth and intestines Lymph nodes are clustered around the entrances to the torso to protect the viscera Large clusters of lymph nodes are found where vessels converge to form trunks, in the cervical, inguinal, and axillary regions
- 57. Which of the following statements about lymph nodes are correct? Lymph is filtered in the nodes by macrophages destroying pathogens and debris. Lymph nodes are located in areas where pathogens are likely to enter the body, such as the mouth and intestines Lymph nodes are clustered around the entrances to the torso to protect the viscera Large clusters of lymph nodes are found where vessels converge to form trunks, in the cervical, inguinal, and axillary regions
- 58. This dense fibrous tissue surrounds the lymph node: Capsule Trebeculae Cortex Medulla Medullary cords Hilum
- 59. This dense fibrous tissue surrounds the lymph node: Capsule Trebeculae Cortex Medulla Medullary cords Hilum
- 60. The efferent vessels carry lymph away from the node at this indentation on the concave side: Capsule Trebeculae Cortex Medulla Medullary cords Hilum
- 61. The efferent vessels carry lymph away from the node at this indentation on the concave side: Capsule Trebeculae Cortex Medulla Medullary cords Hilum
- 62. In this tissue dendritic cells form a stroma for proliferating B cells and for T cells in transit: Capsule Trebeculae Cortex Medulla Medullary cords Hilum
- 63. In this tissue dendritic cells form a stroma for proliferating B cells and for T cells in transit: Capsule Trebeculae Cortex Medulla Medullary cords Hilum
- 64. These extensions of connective tissue divide the node into internal compartments: Capsule Trebeculae Cortex Medulla Medullary cords Hilum
- 65. These extensions of connective tissue divide the node into internal compartments: Capsule Trebeculae Cortex Medulla Medullary cords Hilum
- 66. This tissue contains sinuses and networks of reticular fibers hosting large numbers of macrophages: Capsule Trebeculae Cortex Medulla Medullary cords Hilum
- 67. This tissue contains sinuses and networks of reticular fibers hosting large numbers of macrophages: Capsule Trebeculae Cortex Medulla Medullary cords Hilum
- 68. These are extensions of lymphocyte rich cortical lymphoid tissue penetrating deeper into the node: Capsule Trebeculae Cortex Medulla Medullary cords Hilum
- 69. These are extensions of lymphocyte rich cortical lymphoid tissue penetrating deeper into the node: Capsule Trebeculae Cortex Medulla Medullary cords Hilum
- 70. These bring lymph fluid to the node: Afferent lymphatic vessels Subscapular sinus Medullary sinus Efferent lymphatic vessels
- 71. These bring lymph fluid to the node: Afferent lymphatic vessels Subscapular sinus Medullary sinus Efferent lymphatic vessels
- 72. This is a large, baglike sinus just deep to the capsule: Afferent lymphatic vessels Subscapular sinus Medullary sinus Efferent lymphatic vessels
- 73. This is a large, baglike sinus just deep to the capsule: Afferent lymphatic vessels Subscapular sinus Medullary sinus Efferent lymphatic vessels
- 74. These vessels drain lymph away from the nodes: Afferent lymphatic vessels Subscapular sinus Medullary sinus Efferent lymphatic vessels
- 75. These vessels drain lymph away from the nodes: Afferent lymphatic vessels Subscapular sinus Medullary sinus Efferent lymphatic vessels
- 76. These deep sinuses are the final filtering location before lymph exits at the hilum: Afferent lymphatic vessels Subscapular sinus Medullary sinus Efferent lymphatic vessels
- 77. These deep sinuses are the final filtering location before lymph exits at the hilum: Afferent lymphatic vessels Subscapular sinus Medullary sinus Efferent lymphatic vessels
- 78. Why are there fewer efferent vessels than afferent vessels at each lymph node? Most of the lymph drains out of the nodes via the medullary sinus, so only some has to leave through the efferent vessels Fluid is absorbed by the tissue of the lymph nodes, and only the excess fluid leaves via the efferent vessels Nodal sinuses are the site of lymph reabsorption into the bloodstream, so only fluid that cannot be absorbed is drained by the efferent vessels To slow the flow of lymphatic fluid, allowing time for filtration in the node
- 79. Why are there fewer efferent vessels than afferent vessels at each lymph node? Most of the lymph drains out of the nodes via the medullary sinus, so only some has to leave through the efferent vessels Fluid is absorbed by the tissue of the lymph nodes, and only the excess fluid leaves via the efferent vessels Nodal sinuses are the site of lymph reabsorption into the bloodstream, so only fluid that cannot be absorbed is drained by the efferent vessels To slow the flow of lymphatic fluid, allowing time for filtration in the node
- 80. What does MALT stand for? Mammary associated lymphoid tissue Mammalian adaptive lymphoid tissue Mucosa associated lymphoid tissue Medullary adrenal lymphoid tissue
- 81. What does MALT stand for? Mammary associated lymphoid tissue Mammalian adaptive lymphoid tissue Mucosa associated lymphoid tissue Medullary adrenal lymphoid tissue
- 82. What is the largest lymphoid organ? Thymus Spleen Liver Peyer’s patches
- 83. What is the largest lymphoid organ? Thymus Spleen Liver Peyer’s patches
- 84. Which of the following are functions of the spleen? The spleen provides a site for lymphocytes to reproduce and mount an immune response The spleen extracts damaged and defective blood cells and platelets Macrophages in the spleen phagocytose debris in the bloodstream The spleen stores platelets and monocytes for release as needed The spleen recycles the components of red blood cells and stores iron from heme
- 85. Which of the following are functions of the spleen? The spleen provides a site for lymphocytes to reproduce and mount an immune response The spleen extracts damaged and defective blood cells and platelets Macrophages in the spleen phagocytose debris in the bloodstream The spleen stores platelets and monocytes for release as needed The spleen recycles the components of red blood cells and stores iron from heme
- 86. This is composed of lymphocytes on reticular fibers, and is where immune functions are carried out: Red Pulp White Pulp
- 87. This is composed of lymphocytes on reticular fibers, and is where immune functions are carried out: Red Pulp White Pulp
- 88. This tissue is the location where macrophages destroy erythrocytes marked for destruction, it consists of connective tissue cords and blood filled sinuses: Red Pulp White Pulp
- 89. This tissue is the location where macrophages destroy erythrocytes marked for destruction, it consists of connective tissue cords and blood filled sinuses: Red Pulp White Pulp
- 90. These paired tonsils, the largest and most often infected, are located on either side at the back of the oral cavity: Palatine tonsils Lingual tonsil Pharyngeal tonsil Tubal tonsil Tonsillar crypts
- 91. These paired tonsils, the largest and most often infected, are located on either side at the back of the oral cavity: Palatine tonsils Lingual tonsil Pharyngeal tonsil Tubal tonsil Tonsillar crypts
- 92. Also called the adenoids, this is located in the posterior wall of the nasopharynx:: Palatine tonsils Lingual tonsil Pharyngeal tonsil Tubal tonsil Tonsillar crypts
- 93. Also called the adenoids, this is located in the posterior wall of the nasopharynx:: Palatine tonsils Lingual tonsil Pharyngeal tonsil Tubal tonsil Tonsillar crypts
- 94. This is the collection of lymphoid follicles at the base of the tongue: Palatine tonsils Lingual tonsil Pharyngeal tonsil Tubal tonsil Tonsillar crypts
- 95. This is the collection of lymphoid follicles at the base of the tongue: Palatine tonsils Lingual tonsil Pharyngeal tonsil Tubal tonsil Tonsillar crypts
- 96. These are invaginations of the epithelium covering the tonsils, which trap bacteria and debris: Palatine tonsils Lingual tonsil Pharyngeal tonsil Tubal tonsil Tonsillar crypts
- 97. These are invaginations of the epithelium covering the tonsils, which trap bacteria and debris: Palatine tonsils Lingual tonsil Pharyngeal tonsil Tubal tonsil Tonsillar crypts
- 98. These tiny structures surround the pharyngeal openings of the auditory tubes: Palatine tonsils Lingual tonsil Pharyngeal tonsil Tubal tonsil Tonsillar crypts
- 99. These tiny structures surround the pharyngeal openings of the auditory tubes: Palatine tonsils Lingual tonsil Pharyngeal tonsil Tubal tonsil Tonsillar crypts
- 100. The ____ is/are located in the wall of the small intestines, and the _____ is/are an offshoot of the large intestines. Appendix, Peyer’s patches Peyer’s patches, appendix
- 101. The ____ is/are located in the wall of the small intestines, and the _____ is/are an offshoot of the large intestines. Appendix, Peyer’s patches Peyer’s patches, appendix
- 102. Which of the following statements about the thymus are true? The thymus produces immunocompetent cells at a declining rate as we age The blood-thymus barrier keeps antigens out of the thymus The stroma of the thymus is composed of epithelial cells rather than reticular fibers Thymic corpuscles are keratinized epithelial cells involved in the development of regulatory T cells, which prevent autoimmune responses The thymus is directly involved in fighting antigens during childhood, although this role declines with age
- 103. Which of the following statements about the thymus are true? The thymus produces immunocompetent cells at a declining rate as we age The blood-thymus barrier keeps antigens out of the thymus The stroma of the thymus is composed of epithelial cells rather than reticular fibers Thymic corpuscles are keratinized epithelial cells involved in the development of regulatory T cells, which prevent autoimmune responses The thymus is directly involved in fighting antigens during childhood, although this role declines with age